财政分权与经济增长：第二代财政分权理论

20世纪90年代中期以来，第二代财政分权理论有了极大发展。本文回顾了这一新理论区别于传统理论的特征，以及将其用于经济增长研究得出的新发现和主要问题。在此类研究中，中国改革开放以来的经济绩效，一方面为回答“财政分权是否有助于促进经济增长”提供了重要的经验研究依据，另一方面也在一定程度上证实了制度设计对财政分权效果具有决定性影响的判断，这与国内一些研究得出的结论有相似之处。这些研究成果对我国未来的中央一地方财政关系的发展具有重要的启示意义。     

Mexico and China： Strategic Trade Partners

In recent years, trade between Mexico and China has grown dynamically with an average annual growth of 36.7%. Mexico and China are bothmajor world economies and China is the second largest trading partner of Mexico. Our two countries have been committed to deepening strategic partnership, cementing the basis for cooperation in all areas with fruitful outcome achicvcd.     

WTO与中国国家标准化战略：一个基本的理论分析框架

国家标准化战略，是国家对标准化战略的整体部署。它不是一个标准如何嗣订的技术同题，而是如何整合标准化工作的各种资源和力量，在WTO的政策框架下，实现标准化对技术创新、经济增长和国际竞争力提升的同题。因此，应该从经济学和管理学的角度，加强对标准化相关问题的研究，以便为国家标准化战略的制订提供理论基碍。     

经济增长、制度环境对地方政府土地财政依赖的影响机理

明确地方政府土地财政依赖的影响机理,有利于缓解当前地方政府高度依赖土地财政的现状.本文从经济增长和制度环境双重角度构建影响地方政府土地财政依赖的分析框架,并采用2000~2013年我国省级数据构建动态面板模型进行实证检验.研究结果显示:地方政府对土地财政的依赖在短期内具有激励作用与惯性特征,长期具有收敛趋势.土地财政产生于工业化与城市化进程之中,经济增长对地方政府土地财政依赖具有显著促进作用.分税制改革背景下,财权与事权的不对等程度是地方政府依赖土地财政的前提,土地出让制度市场化改革、 地方政府竞争、 房地产业支柱型产业定位政策对地方政府土地财政依赖有显著促进作用.其中,滞后一期财事权不对等程度对当期地方政府土地财政依赖具有负向影响,由此反映出分税制改革对地方政府土地财政具有显著的促进作用.在地方政府竞争中,招商引资的竞争方式在短期内对地方土地财政依赖度的影响尚不显著,但通过基础设施建设的竞争愈激烈,地方政府愈加依赖土地财政.     

从新增长理论看当前我国财政政策存在的不足

8 0年代中期以后 ,“新增长理论”以罗默的“收益递增的长期经济增长模式”和卢卡斯的“专业化人力资本积累经济增长模式”为代表。新增长理论将创新活动内生化 ,把经济的长期增长归结为对人力资本与新技术投资的结果。这种投资活动不仅能够带来更高的利润率 ,而且具有溢出效应和外部收益。新增长理论所提示的这一增长机制告诉我们 ,如果一国的财政政策的制定和实施能有助于刺激一国的创新活动以及人力资本的积累 ,刺激企业把更多的资本投资于研究与开发部门 ,增强国际竞争力 ,便能有效地促进该国的经济增长。     

开放经济下如何实现外贸内生型增长

实现外贸内生型增长是开放经济的客观要求和我国经济发展的现实所需。在开放经济条件下,要实现我国外贸增长方式由粗放式、外延式向内生型转变,应把增强经济的国际竞争力作为政府工作的重点。通过战略性贸易政策培育战略贸易型产业,充分利用国际社会资源提高外贸管理的效率,着力把握当今国际机遇,扩大海外生产经营规模。这样方能适应开放条件下国际经济环境的变化和自身经济科学发展的客观要求。     

财政分权、经济增长与强制性制度变迁

当前我国财政分权的强制性制度安排,使得地方政府之间的关系逐渐转向零和博弈,需求诱致型的晋升激励使得地方政府官员展开激烈的锦标赛竞争,中央政府对制度刚性的放弃也达到了制度与经济绩效博弈的纳什均衡。但是,由财政分权改革导致的众多问题开始制衡经济稳定增长,而且还导致对诱致性制度变迁的抑制。因此,政府体制改革应从制度安排入手,祛除体制性弊端,以弥补财权和事权分离体制的缺陷与不足。     

鲁小均：让“黄铜”变黄金

2011年销售收入36。8亿元,同比增长24．1％。作为浙江诸暨店口“四大家族”之一的露笑集团是拉动店口经济迅速发展的四驾马车之一。     

国际

近日,欧盟委员会就2014-2015年间刺激经济增长、增加竞争力和创造就业向欧盟各成员国提出具体政策建议。     

Tajikistan with Golden Opportunity

I am a Persian-American who has lived in China for over 15 years, I have traveled to over 40 countries of the world,Yet, I have never seen a country whose people love poetry,music, dance, and culture as much as the people of Tajikistan,     

圣诞商机 营销阳谋

身着红衣头戴红帽的白胡子圣诞老人、闪闪发光的圣诞树、驯鹿拉的雪橇、还有”铃儿响叮当”的乐曲……这些西方圣诞节文化的元素在对大多数中国人并不陌生。圣诞节带来的经济效应更是商家必争的大蛋糕。     

Devaluation - Defeat or Golden Opportunity?

This paper considers whether the recent sterling devaluation represents a defeat for government policy or a golden opportunity for industrial recovery. It argues that devaluation offers a window of opportunity for higher growth and investment, but that this will disappear after two or three years with higher inflation. The risk is that this may distract firms from the necessity of competing on product and process innovation and marketing. The damage to the credibility of government policy has also been profound.     

Opportunity discovery and creation in social entrepreneurship: An exploratory study in Mexico

Building on the literature on opportunity identification among commercial entrepreneurs, we propose a conceptual framework for the opportunity identification process in social entrepreneurship that includes both opportunity discovery and opportunity creation. We develop scales to measure these constructs and examine their validity and reliability. In addition, we develop and test hypotheses explaining the causes of opportunity discovery and opportunity creation. Our results confirm that opportunity discovery and opportunity creation are mutually exclusive constructs. We also find support for the role of radical innovation and information search in the opportunity identification process in a sample of Mexican social entrepreneurs.     

Golden Week: A Holiday Revolution

As one of the most important and far-reaching focal points in people's lives, the Golden-Week holiday, is much more than a year 21-day vacation. How did the Golden Week take shape over the past few years, gradually attracting people's attention, and having an increasingly important impact in China each year?     

宫学斌：龙大就是惠农的“金蜜峰”

宫学斌龙大集团董事长,第十届、第十一届全国人大代表。1975年接手莱阳市一濒临倒闭的砖瓦场后,宫学斌艰苦奋斗、勤思巧干,于1986年转产为莱阳市果菜保鲜总公司,1993年组建龙大食品集团。     

Golden Trails: A Roadmap Leading to China's Internet Industry

On February 19,2012,WalMart Stores,Inc.disclosed its additional investment in Yihaodian,a fast-growing electronic commerce website in China,making Walmart's total ownership stake in Yihaodian to reach approximately 51%.It was Wal-Mart's second investment for the purpose of     

Belt and Road: A Road of Opportunity and Prosperity

Agala celebration was held in Beijing on April 26,2019,with almost 5,000 guests from more than 150 countries and 90 international organizations attending the second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation.Chinese President Xi Jinping’s 4,000-word keynote speech focused on the present and looking forward to the future.Inspiring and enlightening,this speech depicted a picture of the deep implementation of Belt and Road Initiative.     

Golden Week, Golden Effect

The Golden Week Holiday System was established in 1999. Bv adding legal holidays and the time off from the previous and following weekends, China made three Golden Weeks (7-day holidays), for the Spring Festival, May Labor Day and National Day in October.Since it was introduced eight years ago,the Golden Weeks have added considerably to China's economic development.The significant role they have played in promoting economic development and changing the Chinese people's concept of consumption and way of living has been witnessed by everyone.     

A Network-based Approach on Opportunity Recognition

This paper argues that individuals differ in terms of their perception of opportunities because of the differences between the networks they are embedded in. We focus on two aspects of individuals embeddedness in networks, that is, (1) individuals belonging to residential areas that are more or less likely to be characterized by network cohesion, and (2) individuals differential access to network contacts based on the level of human capital they hold. Our analyses show that the nature of ones residential area influences the perception of entrepreneurial opportunities. Further, we find a positive effect for education, i.e., people with a higher educational level are more likely to perceive entrepreneurial opportunities compared to those with a lower educational level.