UK Intra-industry Trade with the EU North and South

This paper tests the traditional country and industry hypotheses of intra-industry trade (IIT) in vertically and horizontally differentiated products in the context of the UK's bilateral trade with EU countries. It distinguishes empirically between IIT in vertically and horizontally differential goods, between trade with EU 'North' and 'South' and between the effects of using GDP proxies and direct measures of national factor endowment differences. The paper shows that the robustness of the results of earlier multi-country studies are open to challenge, that the separation of IIT into vertical and horizontal IIT offers an important innovation to the empirical work in this area and that further development of large numbers models of IIT in quality differentiated goods is required.     

Intra-industry and inter-country effects of European mergers

We empirically test the valuation effects of European M&A announcements on rivals within the target's country (intra-industry effects) and on other European rivals (inter-country effects), for the period of 1996 to 1999. We find evidence of inter-country effects that has not previously been documented, suggesting that the ongoin integration of European economies, supported by the introduction of the euro, facilitates the transmission of private information across country boundaries in Europe. We also conduct a cross-sectional analysis to isolate potential sources of intra-industry and inter-country effects. *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A00DH017 00007     

产业内贸易与服务贸易竞争力关系理论综述

随着经济的发展,产业内贸易、服务贸易在今天的社会生活中变得日益重要,产业内贸易的发展对推动服务贸易的发展,提高服务贸易国际竞争力的作用也越来越得到人们的关注。文章分别对产业内贸易、服务贸易竞争力及涉及其两者间关系的理论进行梳理总结。     

标准化与产业内贸易——基于中国机械行业的面板协整分析

本文通过对1992～2007年的机械行业中9个种类的面板数据进行实证检验,建立协整方程并对其进行误差修正,分析了我围机械行业中的标准存量与产业内贸易之间的关系。实证结果表明两者有着长期的均衡关系,机械行业中标准的使用会对该行业的产业内贸易水平产牛正的促进作用。标准的进入将在长期内改善我围的产业结构,促进产业内贸易发展。     

金融危机下中国与日韩产业内分工合作研究

本文通过对2004～2009年中国与日本和韩国机电产品零部件贸易与产业内贸易发展进行实证研究,分析金融危机后中国与日韩产业内分工的发展态势与问题。研究结果表明,金融危机下中国与日韩的产业内分工体系仍保持基本稳定,产品内分工仍是中国与日韩生产分工的重要形式,同时最终产品贸易比重在不断上升,中日韩之间正在形成中间产品生产与最终产品消费的新的复合型产业内分工发展机制。中国在东亚产业内分工格局中不仅作为生产基地而且作为消费基地的重要性在不断增加。中日韩应加快推进自由贸易区建设,扩大直接投资,促进产业结构升级与调整,实现区域内产业内分工体系的重构。     

广东省机电产品产业内贸易的实证研究

本文基于2002～2009年的相关数据,运用G-L指数和Bruelhart指数分别从静态和动态角度分析了广东省机电产品的产业内贸易状况;同时,本文还将产品的TC指数与其G-L指数结合起来,对广东省不同种类机电产品的国际贸易竞争力和产业内贸易水平进行了综合分析。     

中美水产品产业内贸易实证分析

从1998年到2012年,中美双边水产品贸易快速发展。文章运用G-L指数,Bruelhart指数和Thom&McDowell水平、垂直产业内贸易指数,采用联合国贸易数据库(UN COMTRADE)的数据,对中美水产品产业内贸易进行实证分析。结果表明,中美水产品产业内贸易水平较低,贸易的增长主要来源于产业间贸易;从两国的产业内贸易结构看,垂直型产业内贸易占优势。因此,中美水产品产业内贸易的发展应从增加水产品贸易的差异化;推动水产品加工技术创新等方面着手。     

Attitudes toward risk and self-employment of young workers

A high degree of risk tolerance is often regarded as one of the fundamental characteristics of entrepreneurs. Using multiple responses on risky income gambles in the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79), I investigate the effect of individual risk tolerance on the probability of entry into self-employment. I construct a measure of individual level of risk tolerance that is corrected for reporting error and that varies with age and other covariates that potentially affect self-employment decision. I find that risk tolerance is an important determinant of the decision to enter self-employment. However, I find that the estimated effect of risk tolerance on the probability of entering self-employment is dramatically understated if measurement error is not taken into account. In addition, I find that that accounting for the correlation between risk tolerance and other covariates is important to correctly assess the effects of the other determinants of self-employment while it has a trivial effect on the estimated marginal effect of risk tolerance.     

试论供应商市场反向营销策略

企业之间的相互依赖性是企业自主经营的一个特点.在彼此需要相互依存的关系中,供应商的角色不容忽视.文中强调企业实施供应商反向营销策略,重视与供应商合作,企业将自身的一部分利益包括资金、物质、技术等让出给供应商,从而帮助供应商的发展,使供应商成为企业有机体的一部分,以获得来自供应方最有力的支持.     

System and conflict: toward a symbiotic reconciliation

The systems and conflict approaches are often viewed as incompatible, if not contradictory. While the former emphasizes system integration, consensus, and harmony, the latter connotes lack of consensus, and perhaps even system dissolution. This paper shows that rather than being contradictory, consensus and conflict are in fact complementary in some ways. Further, they can coexist simultaneously within a system. Every system has, at a given time, some level of both consensus and conflict (although one or the other may be very low, it is still probably above zero). While functionalists have long viewed system integration as "functional" and conflict as "dysfunctional," we also see conflict as "functional," as it combats lethargy and obsolescence, and spurs needed change and growth. However, while both conflict and integration coexist in a system, their interrelationship is complex, and sometimes very difficult to analyze. This paper demonstrates the complementary of system integration and conflict through explication of the simultaneous interrelationships of three analytical models: the global-mutable-immutable distinction, the three-level model, and the Q-R distinction. Through this analysis we show that integration and conflict not only are complementary, but are in fact symbiotic, and need each other.     

公允价值在运用中存在的问题及其对策

新会计准则对公允价值的重新启用,标志着我国在会计准则国际趋同的进程中又迈出了坚实的一步,表明我国市场经济日趋成熟。本文结合我国公允价值运用的现状,指出在对公允价值实际运用方面存在的诸多问题,并对进一步的完善公允价值提出了几点相关对策。     

从数字生态建筑走向智慧城市之路

探讨了数字生态建筑未来发展的两大趋势:建筑的智能生态化和建筑的虚拟生态化,基于这样一种思考,提出了将计算机辅助设计建立起建筑空间模型,用体块代替建筑实体和空间这样一种未来建筑的研究方法.提出最佳人居环境的实现是数字生态建筑走向智慧城市的必然.     

Modeling attitudes toward uncertainty through the use of the Sugeno integral

The aim of this paper is to present under uncertainty, and in an ordinal framework, an axiomatic treatment of the Sugeno integral in terms of preferences which parallels some earlier derivations devoted to the Choquet integral. Some emphasis is given to the characterization of uncertainty aversion.     

Product diversification and attitudes toward risk in agricultural production

In this article we analyze the relationship between risk-avoidance behavior and economic jointness in a multi-output agricultural technology. We focus on farmer specific heterogeneity in attitudes towards risk-taking, while treating production uncertainty as unobserved stochastic error that is common to all region specific farms. We furthermore utilize a new flexible functional form, the Constant Elasticity of Transformation, Constant Elasticity of Substitution, Generalized Leontief (Behrman, Lovell, Pollak, and Sickles, [1992]) which has the appealing property of relative flexibility while ensuring proper curvature properties of the estimated multi-output technology over a larger sample region of the price/quantity space than a flexible form such as the Generalized Leontief [Diewert, 1971].Our empirical study deals with small-scale agriculture in the Indian Semi-Arid Tropics (SAT), partly because of the importance of yield-related risk in this region, but also because we have measures of farmer specific risk attitudes in the SAT data. Our modeling approach allows for the calculation of the shadow cost of farmer specific risk attitudes in terms of foregone profits, while at the same time controlliing for the technical factors that give rise to multi-output production in the absence of risk. We are thus able to estimate these opportunity costs while modeling a multiple output technology in which cost complementarities can lead to diversified production and in which joint production is not always undertaken.     

深化供给侧结构性改革 推动经济高质量发展

.深化供给侧结构性改革、推动经济高质量发展,是以习近平同志为核心的党中央深刻洞察国内国际形势变化,科学把握经济发展规律,作出的具有开创性、全局性、长远性的重大决策部署,必须深刻领会、全面落实。一、深入理解深化供给侧结构性改革、推动经济高质量发展的内涵要义深化供给侧结构性改革、推深化供给侧结构性改革、推动经济高质量发展,是党的十八大以来习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想特别是经济思想的重要理论创新成果,其理论内涵、核心要义、政策举措、重点任务既是一脉相承的,也是一个渐进深化、不断拓展的思想体系。     

面向企业战略的全绩效评价管理系统

1 问题的提出 企业绩效是指一定经营期间的企业经营效益，企业绩效评价是针对企业生产经营效益和生产经营者业绩两个方面的分析评判。它在企业管理中有两大功能，即客观评价工作绩效和促进企业绩效提高。然而在实际实施过程中，管理意识、管理人员素质以及管理机构设置等问题导致了企业绩效管理成为程式化的评估。主要表现在以下几个方面：