供应商选择问题的随机机会约束规划模型及其混合遗传算法

在供应商的最大供应数量、质量水平、送达时间均为随机变量且预算给定的条件下,建立了供应商选择问题的随机机会约束整数目标规划模型.鉴于传统方法求解随机规划较为困难,给出了一种将随机模拟、神经元网络和遗传算法结合在一起的混合遗传算法并用多个算例进行了验证,结果表明该算法有较强的适应性.     

随机仓库布局问题模型与算法研究

通过讨论随机条件下仓库布局问题．建立了随机仓库布局问题机会约束规划模型，并设计出基于随机模拟的禁忌搜索算法求解模型，最后利用算例来验证算法的有效性。     

带有模糊参数的城市生活垃圾逆向物流网络设计

在垃圾回收逆向物流网络中,回收的数量具有不确定性,根据这一特点,将各消费区域垃圾回收量看成模糊参数,提出了逆向物流网络的模糊约束机会规划模型,通过把模型中模糊机会约束清晰化,将模型转化为确定性的0—1整数规划模型,通过算例,针对不同的置信水平对模型进行了求解,为逆向物流网络设计提供了依据。     

集装箱空箱调运优化问题的研究

在分析集装箱空箱流转过程的基础上,提出建立基于海陆运整体成本最优的集装箱空箱调运随机性优化模型,并将粒子群算法与随机模拟技术相结合用于求解机会约束规划。最后通过对测试算例进行求解,验证了该模型和算法的合理性和有效性。     

A chance-constrained multiobjective model for mental health services planning.

Mental health services planning, and particularly the planning for deinstitutionalization, is a very complex problem. This paper suggests a chance-constrained goal programming (CCGP) approach to mental health services planning. The CCGP approach is based on the sequential solution of a linear programming formulation, allowing efficient solution of large-scale planning problems using commercially available linear programming computer codes. The procedure is demonstrated with a case example and implementation of the approach is discussed.     

模糊环境下再制造逆向物流网络优化设计

考虑到回收量的不确定性将影响回收网络的稳健性,建立了基于第三方企业的再制造逆向物流网络模糊规划模型,将废旧品的回收量和丢弃率用梯形模糊数表示,然后利用模糊机会约束规划方法将模型转化为清晰等价形式。通过示例数值仿真,表明了该模型的可行性,同时分析了不同置信水平下,最优选址策略和目标函数值的变化情况。     

不确定需求条件下生鲜类农产品供应链网络优化设计研究

国家一直在战略层面大力扶植农业发展,消费者对于农产品尤其是生鲜类产品品质的高标准、严要求,使得供应链网络的规划显得更为重要。文章引入时间价格因子并基于客户需求的不确定性以成本最低为目标,构建了含模糊参数的单源、单一产品、多供应商、多阶段、多客户生鲜类农产品供应链网络模糊规划模型。通过模糊数学相关理论将模型中含有不确定参数的目标函数与约束条件分别利用定理将其转化为清晰等价类。最后,应用Lingo软件求解算例,得出设施的选址以及资源合理分配的解决方案。     

应急物流服务网点选址模型研究

应急物流是应对突发事件的重要保障。应急物流可以降低灾害影响程度,缩短受害持续时间,使突发性事件造成损失最小化。而在进行应急物流决策时,首先会面临应急物流服务网点的选址问题。应急物流服务网点置于合理的位置,不仅可以降低成本,而且还能够保证提供应急物资的时效性,从而避免可能导致的更大损失。在给定限制条件下应急服务网点选址模型基础上,综合考虑应急需求的随机性和由灾害导致应急配送时间模糊的不确定情况,研究新的模糊和随机混合机会约束规划选址模型。     

基于随机最优潮流的电压崩溃临界点算法

文章在最优潮流的基础上,融入基于负荷预测的负荷正态分布及负荷静态电压特性,以系统能够承受的最大负荷为目标函数,对由负荷的不确定性导致的变量随机性建立起相应的机会约束规划,采用非线性规划方法对目标函数进行优化,直接求得满足某一概率约束下的系统最大负荷.以 IEEE3机9节点系统为例进行仿真,验证所提算法的有效性,并讨论负荷分布和静态电压特性对电力系统电压崩溃点的影响     

Data envelopment analysis with stochastic variations in data

The mathematical programming-based technique data envelopment analysis (DEA) has often treated data as being deterministic. In response to the criticism that in most applications there is error and random noise in the data, a number of mathematically elegant solutions to incorporating stochastic variations in data have been proposed. In this paper, we propose a chance-constrained formulation of DEA that allows random variations in the data. We study properties of the ensuing efficiency measure using a small sample in which multiple inputs and a single output are correlated, and are the result of a stochastic process. We replicate the analysis using Monte Carlo simulations and conclude that using simulations provides a more flexible and computationally less cumbersome approach to studying the effects of noise in the data. We suggest that, in keeping with the tradition of DEA, the simulation approach allows users to explicitly consider different data generating processes and allows for greater flexibility in implementing DEA under stochastic variations in data.     

Designing an integrated humanitarian logistics network for the preparedness and response phases under uncertainty

In the current paper, a model of possibilistic location-allocation is proposed for designing a multi-period bi-objective humanitarian logistics network that pursues a reduction in the total cost and maximizes the total network coverage. The model considers the inventory management of perishable relief items and the flow of affected and wounded people in pre-disaster and post-disaster phases, simultaneously. Moreover, wounded people are categorized according to the injury severity. The uncertainty associated with key parameters is also addressed. To handle the uncertainty, a fuzzy chance-constrained programming method originated in the Me measure is used. The purpose of this measure is to prevent the extreme attitudes of the decision maker by considering the combination of possibility and necessity measures and using the optimistic-pessimistic parameter. This paper presents a solution procedure derived from a fuzzy interactive programming approach and two meta-heuristic algorithms, imperialist competitive algorithm and invasive weed optimization, so as to solve the study model. As for the validation of the proposed model and solution procedures, a number of test problems have been generated. A real-life case study is also implemented to instantiate whether the proposed model is applicable or not.     

A credibility-based multi-objective temporary logistics hub location-allocation model for relief supply and distribution under uncertainty

Disaster response operations revolve around uncertainties. While uncertainties arising due to randomness can be avoided for post-disaster location problem, those arising because of impreciseness may persist long after the disaster's occurrence. Despite the uncertainties and lack of sufficient information about the extent of the damage, disaster response facilities must be established quickly after the occurrence of the disaster. Moreover, the decisions of whether to open, where to locate, and when to open disaster response facilities are based on the amount and quality of information available during the decision-making period. To address these issues, we develop a multi-objective location-allocation model for relief supply and distribution that accounts for the imprecise and time-varying nature of different parameters and time-varying coverage, while also accommodating the subjective attributes necessary to enable establishment and operation of the temporary logistics hubs (TLHs). A credibility-based fuzzy chance-constrained programming model is employed to account for the impreciseness inherent in predicting parameter values during disaster response. The results show where, when, and how many TLHs to open and how to allocate relief supplies. Meanwhile, the sensitivity analysis provides a broader understanding of the impact of limiting the number of TLHs as well as the confidence level and the spread of the symmetric triangular fuzzy numbers on the attainment of the model objectives.     

长安镇建构城乡一体化新型城镇的思考

东莞市长安镇是改革开放后在珠江三角洲崭露头角的新兴工业城镇 ,是广东省中心镇之一 ,有着“中国出口创汇第一镇”美誉。文章从长安镇社会发展的现状和基础入手 ,分析了长安镇要建构城乡一体化新型城镇的可行性和必要性 ,指出了在城市化、城乡一体化进程中所面临的问题 ,提出城市化发展的思路、建设的重点、解决存在问题的对策和建议。意图通过从城市建设、体制建设和人文素质建设等多方面作一个较全面的论述 ,使长安镇对今后城市化发展有一个全面清楚的认识 ,找准目标和思路 ,明确工作重点 ,从而加快城市化发展步伐     

甘肃省改革开放成就回顾与展望

改革开放,甘肃省经济社会取得了前所未有的发展进步,但因资源、环境、体制、人才、科技、观念等特殊省情的限制,其发展在历史和当今都落后于其他省份,也产生了很多不足和问题。事物发展是个矛盾体,也是前进性和曲折性的统一,面对37年的辉煌和阻力,中央、省委省政府、普通公众只有同心协力,才能创造甘肃省更好的明天。     

公司治理与代理成本——来自上市公司的经验证据

本文利用上市公司的数据,分析了公司治理与代理成本之间的关系。结果发现:股权集中度国家股比例、董事会规模、监事会规模、治理环境、公司透明度、企业规模与代理成本显著负相关;股权制衡度、领取报酬的董事比例、领取报酬的监事比例、董事会会议次数、股东大会会议次数与代理成本显著正相关;高管持股、独立董事比例、监事会会议次数、两职分离与代理成本无显著关系;财务杠杆率与代理成本的关系是混合的;国有上市公司和民营上市公司的公司治理与代理成本之间的关系与总样本基本一致。     

公用事业产品定价的市场机制与政府规制

城市公用事业是典型的垄断性产业,通过城市公用事业地域与网络垄断性、外部性、公益与营利双重性分析,论证了政府价格规制之必要。其次分析了以新古典经济学和凯恩斯经济学作为逻辑理论基础的西方国家城市公用事业价格规制,及其逐步形成的公共利益理论、俘获理论、寻租理论以及放松规制乃至取消规制的演化过程。最后深入剖析我国城市公用事业存在的规制单一、价格倒逼、补偿缺位,监管虚设等问题,继而提出了强化市场定价、设计经济杠杆、完善社会监督、加强政府监管、构建价格体系等政策建议,以期实现政府规制与市场化融合,提升规制的公平、公正与效能。     

基于集群绩效视角的产业集群内中介组织建设研究

中介组织是成熟的产业集群的一个有机组成部分。它作为产业的制度性分工,是市场的润滑剂和粘合剂,是产业集群正常高效运作的支持系统。中介组织推动集群绩效提升的机理是通过构建集群网络度,进而促进集群结构度和规模度的形成来提高集群绩效。中介组织建设的体系不完善、功能不健全、运作不规范、职业程度不高影响集群绩效的提升。发挥政府服务职能,尊重市场的创生秩序与自生秩序功能,可有效推动体系完善、功能健全、运作规范、职业化程度高的产业集群中介组织的建设,提高集群绩效。     

电子音乐流派的社会变革(英文)

从社会和政治变化、电子音乐流派的发展,形成了电子音乐,科学和技术的发展对电子音乐有重大的影响。他们是四个不同历史时期的发展——未来派,法西斯主义,达达派、电子音乐的时期。从最早使用:麦架,嘘声,窃窃私语,爆炸等。音乐和表达感情的表现,在阶级斗争,政治变革和经济危机、发展迅速的电子音乐,用在许多不同的零件,例如播放音乐、电影、电视等,都成了一个必不可少的组成部分的音乐市场。     

Book Reviews

Steven Seidman, Contested Knowledge. Social Theory in the Postmodern Era
K. Grint and S. Woolgar, The Machine at Work: Technology, Work and Organisation
Steven Albert and Keith Bradley, Managing Knowledge. Experts, Agencies and Organizations
David J. Hickson, and Derek S. Pugh, Management Worldwide: The Impact of Societal Culture on Organizations around the Globe
Ram Mudambi, and Martin Ricketts (Eds), The Organisation of the Firm: International Business Perspectives.
Sue Dopson, Managing Ambiguity and Change: the Case of the NHS
Steven Seidman, Contested Knowledge. Social Theory in the Postmodern Era
K. Grint, and S. Woolgar, The Machine at Work: Technology, Work and Organisation
Steven Albert, and Keith Bradley, Managing Knowledge. Experts, Agencies and Organizations
David J. Hickson, and Derek S. Pugh, Management Worldwide: The Impact of Societal Culture on Organizations around the Globe
Ram Mudambi, and Martin Ricketts (Eds), The Organisation of the Firm: International Business Perspectives
Sue Dopson, Managing Ambiguity and Change: the Case of the NHS     

安徽省城镇居民收入与消费结构的关联分析

采用灰色关联分析方法对安徽省2001~2006年间城镇居民收入和消费结构的关系进行了量化分析,得出了收入对各项消费支出的影响程度,从大到小依次是:居住、衣着、食品、文教娱乐、交通通讯、其他商品、医疗保健、家庭设备用品及服务。又运用灰色预测方法对2007~2011年间的收入水平和各项消费支出进行了预测,并且对预测值进行了灰色关联分析,得出了收入对各项消费支出的影响程度,从大到小依次是:医疗保健、衣着、交通通讯、食品、居住、文教娱乐、家庭设备、其他商品及服务。最后,针对消费结构的升级提出建议。