Visualization of time-dependent dynamics of postglacial rebound

Postglacial rebound is a major geological process which plays an important role in many areas in the earth sciences. Up to now, most of the images derived from studies of the glacial isostatic adjustment phenomenon have been concerned with surface signatures, such as the uplift and gravity anomalies and not much attention has been paid on the dynamical responses in the mantle. We will make use of the 3D visualization package Amira to depict both the external and internal deformation histories of the transient viscoelastic flow inside the mantle induced by postglacial uplift. Of particularly great interest are the transient displacement fields and shear heating inside the mantle. This same visualization technology can be brought to bear in the future for visualizing tsunami waves in ocean basins excited by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and InSAR images. We have also integrated the visualization results into the Google Earth virtual globe by combining this scheme with the Amira package to provide a better geographical and dynamical context.     

The growth of point source plumes at Rayleigh numbers up to 108 and Prandtl numbers up to 1000

Two-dimensional numerical simulations were conducted of the growth of thermal plumes from a point heat source at Rayleigh numbers up to 108 and Prandtl numbers up to 1000. Scaling the convection equations by the free fall velocity rather than the thermal diffusivity, increased the Prandtl number range available to numerical simulation by one order of magnitude from Prandtl number 100 to 1000. We present animations showing how the plumes grow with time for different Prandtl numbers. Plumes with Prandtl numbers around 7 (water) were found to be unstable to sinuous instabilities; whereas those at Prandtl numbers of 1000 had straight stems and fewer sinuous instabilities. Wavelet analysis was used to analyze the scales at which plumes initiated, and the scales at which sinuous instabilities occurred. The scale of both the plume structures and instabilities was found to decrease with Prandtl number.     

国家级经济技术开发区的可持续发展

1984年以来,我国已累计批准设立国家级经济技术开发区和享受国家级经济技术开发区政策的其他国家级工业园区(以下简称"国家级开发区")54个.在过去的二十多年里,国家级开发区从创建到稳步发展,取得了显著成果,并对所在地区的经济发展起到了示范和促进作用.     

国内外政策协调研究热点与趋势——基于CiteSpace V的可视化分析

基于社会科学引文索引(SSCI)和中文社会科学引文索引(CSSCI)来源文献,运用CiteSpace V可视化软件,对可查年份至2019年国内外政策协调研究进行文献计量分析.通过关键词共现、突显率检测和热点主题分析对比国内外研究差异和趋势,发现:政策协调研究范围从金融、货币政策拓展到环境、气候等政策领域;国外研究注重考察政策主体间的协调行为,将制度因素引入政策协调研究,而国内更关注政策协调的机制和效果评价.目前国内外对创新领域的政策协调问题关注不足,未来研究需加强多学科交叉合作,重视基于中国制度特色的创新政策协调研究,助推理论和实践融合.     

A (nearly) global look at the dynamics of youth smoking initiation and cessation: the role of cigarette prices

This study investigates the role of cigarette prices on smoking initiation and cessation among youth in a sample of eight primarily non-Western low, middle, and high income countries, with a particular focus on a subsample of 40 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Using split-population duration models on longitudinally-transformed individual data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), the average impact of cigarette prices in the presence of unobserved country heterogeneity and shifting cultural norms within countries is identified by the variation of cigarette prices within countries over time. Price increases are found to effectively reduce initiation in early youth, and girls are considerably more responsive than boys. The price elasticity of initiation in LMICs is ?0.82 for the combined gender analysis, ?0.46 for boys only and ?1.5 for girls only. There is some indication that youths in developing countries may be slightly less responsive to price changes than in high-income countries. No evidence is found that cigarette prices increase quitting rates in youth, which may be due to the difficulty of defining true quitting among smokers in early life.