企业国际化经营中的跨文化冲突与管理

随着改革开放的不断深入,我国企业也在迅速成长,越来越多的企业参与跨国经营和投资.企业由国内企业变成国际企业,国内经营变成跨国经营,角色和环境的变化给这些企业带来了新的难题--跨文化冲突和管理.本文从文化层面谈谈企业国际化经营中商务礼仪的重要作用与实施,以支持我国企业塑造良好国际交往形象和增强竞争实力.     

海外移民网络、交易成本与外向型直接投资

随着全球人口迁移与直接投资的迅速发展,国际移民网络与国际直接投资的关系近年来引起越来越多文献的关注,不过鲜有文献研究国际移民网络对于移民来源国外向型直接投资的影响.本文首先在异质性企业框架下,以交易成本理论为基础,构建模型研究国际移民网络影响移民来源国外向型直接投资的微观机制.研究显示,在正式制度不完善的条件下,海外移民网络的内部治理机制有助于提高国际交易合约的执行效率,降低直接投资活动中的交易成本,从而促进移民来源国外向型直接投资的发展.然后,本文运用2003-2012年中国在24个国家海外华人和直接投资的数据,以引力模型为基础检验理论模型的假说,结果证实海外移民网络对中国的外向型直接投资具有显著的促进作用,而且地理距离越近的移民网络对于直接投资的促进作用越明显.     

国际贸易、外国直接投资、技术进步和收入分配差距--一个综合分析模型

近年来,与贸易自由化同步出现的发展中国家内部的高技能工人和低技能工人之间的工资差距加大问题不能被传统的国际贸易理论所解释。本文构建一个将国际贸易、外国直接投资、技术进步放在统一框架中考虑的模型,说明发展中国家机械设备类产品的进口、外国直接投资和成本节约性的技术进步导致高技能工人和低技能工人之间工资差距的扩大,并引入居民和政府,说明高技能工人的内生决定和政府调节收入分配的政策选择。     

FDI、国际贸易及我国经济增长的协整分析与VECM模型

本文利用我国1983-2004年的经济数据进行实证检验,根据协整理论建立向量误差修正模型(VECM)。实证结果说明外国直接投资、国际贸易与经济增长间具有长期均衡关系,且我国国内生产总值的增长与外国直接投资有双向因果关系,但相互影响的程度不同;我国为出口导向型经济增长国家且外国直接投资对国际贸易具有促进作用.     

商品贸易、要素流动与贸易投资一体化

国际贸易和对外直接投资(FDI)是国际经济分工的两种基本形态,传统的贸易理论完全否认国际要素流动的存在.所以国际贸易理论和对外直接投资理论形成了不同的分析框架。但国际经济实践表明,国际贸易和要素流动(资本流动)可以普遍发生于各国之间,目前国际贸易和对外直接投资呈现一体化趋势。研究认为国际间要素流动是国际分工的最一般形式,商品贸易是“要素集”的跨国流动,是要素流动的特殊形态。最后,对贸易与投资的相互转化关系进行初步探讨。     

An additional approach for interpretation of multiple discriminant analysis in business research

Several useful approaches for interpreting multiple discriminant analysis (MDA), including graph plots, have recently been illustrated for business researchers. This article proposes and illustrates an extension of the traditional plotting procedures in MDA that allows the depiction of both group overlaps and differences among groups. We also discuss several other interpretational approaches in MDA.     

跨国公司国际贸易与国际直接投资的协调与选择

国际直接投资和国际贸易是跨国公司参与国际市场活动的主要方式。国际直接投资和国际贸易既存在互替效应也存在互补效应。在一个不完全竞争市场上,跨国公司在其国际化生产经营活动过程中,如何选择和协调其生产活动,是选择出口贸易,还是选择国际直接投资,它要考虑的因素是多方面的,也是动态的,体现一种综合的协调和选择效应。     

The impact of parallel imports on investments in cost-reducing research and development

We develop a two-country model of endogenous investment in process innovation by a manufacturer facing competition from parallel imports (PI). We find that the distortions associated with PI inhibit innovation. However, the difference between the manufacturer's expected profits under successful and failed innovation is U-shaped in the cost of engaging in PI. Thus, the reduction in R&D investment depends on both legality of PI and transport costs. The reduction in innovation could harm global welfare, depending on whether the manufacturer was deterring PI with a high wholesale price. If so, banning such trade would raise expected welfare.     

International diversification and firm performance: Role of information technology investments

The empirical studies to date have not found consistent support for the performance advantages of international diversification. One reason suggested by internalization theory is that leveraging firm specific assets is critical for enhancing performance from international diversification. We develop and empirically test the hypothesis that investment in information technology helps in leveraging firm specific assets across country borders and thereby contributes to enhanced performance from international diversification.     

Business practices and peace in post‐conflict zones: lessons from Cyprus

Existing literature on business and peace is in need of more examples of business practices, and at a more dissaggregated level, within conflict‐sensitive regions that promote peace. This article examines whether business practices within a conflict‐sensitive region, the island of Cyprus, are consistent with existing business and peace literature and how the specific business practices promote peace. In particular, the article examines in detail two business practices: Green Line Trade and cross‐territorial joint ventures and promotions. Our findings suggest that existing business activities in Cyprus are consistent with those proposed by the literature, but their significance in promoting peace was limited. We propose an alternative explanation for why such business practices were pursued in Cyprus at the time, drawing on studies of identity‐based conflicts. And we suggest that business has a unique role to play compared with other public institutions when addressing identity conflict. Finally, we suggest that both theoretical and empirical studies of business and peace should include consideration of how business practices might help alleviate identity‐related issues in conflict‐sensitive regions.     

FDI inflow as an international business operation by MNCs and economic growth: An empirical study on Turkey

The issue of foreign direct investment (FDI) has been affecting the world economy for years and is a considerable subject for both developed and developing countries. FDI is the fixed form of international business operation made across the national borders made mostly by the multi national corporations (MNCs). The positive impact of FDI inflow in a host country is expected to emerge as capital accumulation, technology transfer, know-how acquisition, innovative capacity and economic growth eventually. In this study, it is aimed to address the FDI literature depending on comprehensive international publications and then to analyze the FDI inflow and GDP growth in Turkey with econometric methods.The relation between FDI inflow and GDP growth is analyzed by using the Johansen cointegration test and Granger causality analysis. Afterwards, a regression equation is estimated by using the ordinary least squares method (OLS). Prior to applying the Cointegration test, the stationarity and integration degrees of the series are determined by the augmented Dickey–Fuller test (ADF). Consequently, resting on the results of entire analysis, it is possible to mention that no significant relation is determined between the FDI inflow and GDP growth in Turkey both in the short and long run.     

Competitive dynamics and business models in service business: a promising research subject

Successful firms create substantial value by doing things in ways that differentiate them from the competition. Business models reflect choices and their operating implications. They facilitate the analysis, testing, and validation of the cause-and-effect relationships that flow from the strategic choices. Due to business models are one of the main forces driving strategic renewal efforts of businesses around the world, we focus on service industry companies and their unique characteristics, with regard to new business and competition models that service companies use for strategic management and on how such models mesh with the traditional processes of competitive and corporative strategies.     

Trends in international business,thought, and literature: The past and future of political analysis for international business

The literature on political risks (and opportunities) in international business has expanded far beyond its initial preoccupation with expropriation and instability in “third world,” developing countries. The literature has thus become more concerned with other types of government policies and with political conditions in “first world” and “second world” countries as well. In those respects, the literature has developed analytically and become of more widespread relevance to managerial issues in international business. This article reviews the topical coverage of the political risk literature of international business, and in addition it considers key analytical issues concerning the levels of analysis, theoretical content, and analytical methods that have been evident, as well as those that have been neglected. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

International business complexity and the internationalization of languages

While the impacts of culture on international trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) have been much discussed, the influence of languages has been underappreciated in international business. We address this paucity by integrating literature from international economics, international business, Chinese business history, and linguistics to examine the transaction costs of languages. While we recognize that languages represent both a tool in international economic transactions and a vehicle to transmit cultural values, our results point out that this tool is employed differently in international trade and in FDI. Communication costs for both FDI and international trade show a hierarchy, with English the most inexpensive among major trade languages; however, we find that communication costs are much more important in FDI than in international trade. Herein, we offer practical suggestions corporations may implement regarding the matter.     

对外直接投资与美国服务贸易的发展

一般认为,对外直接投资活动(FDI)对贸易的持续增长将起到十分重要的支撑和推动作用。本文选用了美国1970年至2003年的相关数据,通过建立自回归模型,拟合后发现这个结论在美国的服务业领域也成立。进一步运用Granger因果检验方法,发现两者之间还存在着互为因果的关系。然而,通过对统计数据的分析,同时也直观地发现,在美国服务业内的对外直接投资与对外贸易在进出口上的同向相关性并不明显。其原因可能是各国对服务业的限制措施所造成的扭曲和直接投资的贸易替代效应所致。     

Corporate social responsibility research in international business journals: An author co-citation analysis

This paper aims to describe the development of research on corporate social responsibility in international business (IB) journals and to suggest future research directions. We conducted a bibliometric study of articles published in twelve leading international business journals over three decades in a longer time frame (1996–2015). Five research trends were found in IB journals: business ethics, integration of stakeholder management, the evolution of the CSR concept, the political and social demands of CSR, and the financial implications of CSR. Our results thus have several implications and suggest numerous opportunities for future research.     

Key institutions in business and management education research

The authors investigate institutional productivity in business and management education (BME) research based on the analysis of 4,464 articles published by 7,210 authors across 17 BME journals over a 10-year period, involving approximately 1,900 schools worldwide. Departing from traditional disciplinary silos, they examine the BME research field as a whole by including all traditional business disciplinary areas and producing two top 100 rankings, one based on raw number of author publications and the other based on weighted scores reflecting journal quality and coauthorship.     

Calculating,creating, and claiming value in business markets: Status and research agenda

A key challenge facing business marketers surrounds developing a deeper understanding of customer needs. We conceptualize that challenge as having three dimensions: calculating, creating, and claiming value. We discuss key problems, new developments and research challenges in each of these three domains and note the desirability for a deeper collaboration between academics and practitioners to address the research challenges.