组织间心理契约对供应链联盟关系资本的影响

关系资本在供应链联盟关系构建中扮演着越来越重要的角色。关系资本是衡量企业间关系的一种社会心理因素,而组织间心理契约正是剖析关系本质的一种研究方法。文章将供应链联盟关系资本划分为企业信任、关系承诺和专有资产投入三个维度,并分析了组织间心理契约对供应链联盟关系资本三个维度的影响,从而得出了组织间心理契约对供应链联盟关系资本有正向影响的结论。     

The Risk Taker As Shadow: A Psychoanlytic View Of The Collapse Of Barings Bank*

This paper examines the collapse of Barings Bank in 1995 as a consequence of the activities of Nick Leeson, a 27-year-old trader. It seeks an explanation for this event using psychoanalytic concepts and their application to organizational dynamics. It is argued here that the anxiety associated with 'Big Bang'– the deregulation of the UK financial sector – drove Barings' senior executives to engage in primitive basic assumption thinking which involved the seeking out of a 'saviour' who could be depended on to 'rescue' the bank. Further, their concerns about their own conservatism led these senior executives to create as 'saviour' an opposite or 'shadow' to themselves. They therefore set up the highly risky 'Baring Securities' operation, unwittingly creating a damaging cultural split between it and the conservative heart of the bank. Then – in choosing Nick Leeson to embody the 'shadow' role within Baring Securities – they selected an extreme risk taker least able to 'save' the bank. In the event, Leeson's fraud ruined the bank. It is further argued that Leeson was burdened with unconscious guilt, thus leaving clues about his activities with the hope that someone would halt him. However, basic assumption thinking within Barings prevented this from happening.     

现代学徒制中企业与学徒的心理契约的关系建构

论文以心理契约理论为研究视角,分析了现代学徒制中企业与学徒的心理契约关系的建构过程,并从基于心理契约开展招生宣传、岗位学习管理、薪酬管理、绩效评价、职业生涯管理和基于师徒良好关系巩固心理契约等方面提出建构心理契约关系的路径建议。     

The Interpretation And Resolution Of Resource Allocation Issues In Professional Organizations: A Critical Examination Of The Professional-Manager Dichotomy*

Professional organizations have long been depicted as rife with conflict between professionals, who are assumed to represent the interests of their profession, and managers, who are assumed to represent the potentially competing interests of the organization. This study examines the validity of this assumption. Based on past research on both professional organizations and knowledge structure development, we predict that to the extent that professionals and managers conflict, they may do so because they interpret 'identical' issues differently. The results of a study of resource allocation decision preferences with 350 chief financial officers, chief medical officers, and physicians revealed strong support for our issue interpretation predictions, and virtually no support for the simple professional–manager dichotomy. Specifically, using structural equation modeling, we found that: (1) single resource allocation issues could be interpreted in multiple ways; (2) issue interpretations were strong predictors of decision preferences; (3) professionals and managers tended to interpret issues differently, although many of the differences were not consistent with past theorizing about professionals; (4) the interpretations and decision preferences of professionals who occupied management positions were like those of other professionals but different from those of managers; and (5) decision maker status (i.e., professional and/or manager) was only modestly related to decision preference. Our findings suggest that the sources and manifestations of a professional–manager dichotomy are more complex than previously reported.     

Rationality, Ethnicity And Institutions: A Survey Of Issues And Results

Abstract.  This paper focuses on the relationship between institutions and ethnocentrism as discussed in the rational choice literature. The institutional environment can influence both the formation and the expression of ethnic tastes by rational individuals. Ethnocentrism is likely to be mitigated by, on the one hand, a private sector characterized by a wide and competitive market with effective property right and antitrust law enforcement provided by non-ethnic institutions and, on the other hand, a public sector which is characterized by institutional restrictions on the differential fiscal or regulatory treatment on the basis of ethnicity, a redistributive system based on non-ethnic criteria and finally, the possibility for decentralized collective decision making. These insights may be of particular utility when designing the institutions of potentially divided multi-ethnic states.     

When Employees Engage in Workplace Incivility: The Interactive Effect of Psychological Contract Violation and Organizational Justice

The primary objective of this research was to examine both procedural and interactional justice perceptions as moderators of the relationship between psychological contract violation and workplace incivility. Affect Infusion Model (AIM) was used as a theoretical basis for predicting an interaction in which there was, in general, a positive relationship between violation and incivility. However, a stronger relationship between contract violation and incivility was predicted under high-justice conditions, compared to low-justice conditions, due to the deeper, more elaborate information processing needed to reconcile a psychological contract violation occurring in an otherwise just organization. An online survey was administered to 975 U.S. respondents. The hypotheses were confirmed. Results indicated that the positive relationship between violation and instigated incivility was stronger among employees reporting a just work environment. Implications for applying AIM to organizational settings are discussed.     

城市新就业职工住房保障问题实证研究——基于合肥市新就业职工的调查

调查表明,50％多的新就业职工住房困难.由于收入较低,新就业职工住房支付能力严重不足,30％多的新就业职工家庭缺乏租房支付能力;超过70％的新就业职工家庭缺乏购房支付能力.所以,要尽快将新就业职工纳入住房保障范围.首先,提高新就业职工收入水平,遏制住房价格过快上涨;其次,多渠道筹集住房保障资金;第三,积极创新相关配套政策,完善公共租赁住房准入和退出机制;第四,适时推出限价商品住房,利用优惠信贷政策,提高新就业职工住房支付能力.     

A Contingency Approach to the Employment Relationship: Form, Function, and Effectiveness Implications

In the United States, the at-will doctrine purports to give employers the right to terminate employees with or without notice or good cause. However, numerous exceptions have made protection afforded by the doctrine illusory, and wrongful termination litigation often results. Other countries such as Canada and New Zealand legally prohibit at-will employment, and require reasonable notice or justification when terminating employees. On the basis of comparison of nonunion employment in those countries with that typical in the United States, we examine alternative approaches to employment relationships (independent contractor, employee rights, and at-will), and offer suggestions for choosing among them strategically based on environmental contingencies, work characteristics, and outcomes valued by a given firm. Although the choice may be limited by law in some jurisdictions, we offer a more systematic approach for U.S. firms wishing to deal with the consequences of terminations proactively as part of their overall strategic planning process.     

公共投资就业效应的一个解释——基于CES生产函数的分析及其检验

本文在分析CES生产函数过程中引入劳动力市场,探讨了公共投资与就业的联系.本文认为,公共投资是通过劳动工资弹性来影响就业的.公共投资增加会引起劳动需求的工资弹性提高,而公共投资的溢出效应则会导致企业实际工资支出水平降低,两方面原因的共同作用引起就业的增长.在此分析基础上,本文用ARDL方法构建了一个多方程模型,并用中国的数据进行了检验.为提高分析的有效性,我们用SUR方法对模型做了系统估计,并进一步通过方程转化对变量的短期波动和长期均衡关系进行了探讨.实证研究发现,中国的公共投资增长在短期减少就业,但长期内对就业有显著的正效应.     

民办高校教师心理契约形成的信息源研究——以广东岭南职业技术学院为例

心理契约已逐渐成为民办高校师资管理中的一个有效工具。教师心理契约形成的信息源是心理契约管理中的重要始点。本文通过实证研究,探析民办高校教师心理契约形成过程中对信息源采择及差异。研究发现民办高校教师心理契约形成过程中采择了多种信息源。教师在感知学校对自己的心理契约责任时,更多地采择组织代理人信息源,而在感知自己对学校的心理契约责任时,更多地采择个人职业经验信息源。民办高校应注重多种信息源的信息沟通的一致性,同时积极引导教师将个人职业经验与学校管理信息有机结合。     

区域经济增长与就业关系的实证研究——以江苏省太仓市为例

利用江苏省太仓市2001-2010年间GDP和三大产业就业资料,建立回归模型,分析了经济增长与就业二者之间的关系,得出了目前的经济增长与就业增长的步伐存在不协调性的结论,同时对不协调的原因进行了分析。在此基础上,对提高就业弹性提出了若干建议。     

区域经济增长与就业关系的实证研究——以江苏省太仓市为例

利用江苏省太仓市2001-2010年间GDP和三大产业就业资料,建立回归模型,分析了经济增长与就业二者之间的关系,得出了目前的经济增长与就业增长的步伐存在不协调性的结论,同时对不协调的原因进行了分析.在此基础上,对提高就业弹性提出了若干建议.     

Large Firms and Catch-up in a Transitional Economy: The Case of Shougang Group in China*

This study examines the possibility of catch-up of the Chinese steel industry, in particular the Shougang Group, with the leading global steel giants. Shougang is one of the four steel companies that have been selected by the Chinese government to constitute the core of the future Chinese steel industry. The contract system at Shougang, which operated from 1979 to 1995, unleashed an extraordinary entrepreneurial energy in the formerly traditional state-run steel plant. In the post-contract system, Shougang's range of decision-making independence in respect to the purchase of inputs, its production structure and product marketing has increased substantially compared to the contract system, when the government still controlled many of the key decisions. As a result of institutional constraint, the low value-added steel products dominate Shougang's portfolio. To challenge the established giants in the steel industry, Shougang has to divest the loss-making non-core businesses, slowly downsize employment in the core business, raise capital on the stock market and generates the resources for continued upgrading of its steel technology and diversifying its product portfolio.     

孙萍:以新视角拓展京剧艺术辉煌之路

脸上总挂着微笑，还没有说话就让人感觉到一份热情，美丽多情的大眼睛透着智慧与灵气，高挑的身段，纤细修长的十指，无一不流露着美。我想她是“为艺术而生”的人。这就是我见到孙萍的第一感觉。在整个交谈过程中，孙萍总是用丰富的动作和表情，或表达，或强调，或重复，生动形象，极富感染力。从她的一举手一投足，时不时还即兴唱上几段，我们就能够看到一个融合了中西方化魅力的奇特女子。     

The Cognitive Style Index: A Measure of Intuition-Analysis For Organizational Research

Almost 1000 adults participated in the development of the Cognitive Style Index (CSI), a new measure designed specifically for use with managerial and professional groups. the objectives of the study were, first, to produce a psychome-trically sound instrument suitable for application in large-scale organizational studies, and second, through its development, to confirm empirically the generic intuition-analysis dimension of cognitive style. Findings suggest that each objective was largely fulfilled. At a time when there is a burgeoning interest in intuition as a basis for decision making and problem solving in organizations, the CSI would appear to be a notable addition to the small collection of measures appropriate for survey research.