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1.
In this article I study the statistical properties of a bias-correctedrealized variance measure when high-frequency asset prices arecontaminated with market microstructure noise. The analysisis based on a pure jump process for asset prices and explicitlydistinguishes among different sampling schemes, including calendartime, business time, and transaction time sampling. Two mainfindings emerge from the theoretical and empirical analysis.First, based on the mean-squared error (MSE) criterion, a biascorrection to realized variance (RV) allows for the more efficientuse of higher frequency data than the conventional RV estimator.Second, sampling in business time or transaction time is generallysuperior to the common practice of calendar time sampling inthat it leads to a further reduction in MSE. Using IBM transactiondata, I estimate a 2.5-minute optimal sampling frequency forRV in calendar time, which drops to about 12 seconds when afirst-order bias correction is applied. This results in a morethan 65% reduction in MSE. If, in addition, prices are sampledin transaction time, a further reduction of about 20% can beachieved.  相似文献   

2.
    
Volatility measuring and estimation based on intra-day high-frequency data has grown in popularity during the last few years. A significant part of the research uses volatility and variance measures based on the sum of squared high-frequency returns. These volatility measures, introduced and mathematically justified in a series of papers by Andersen et al. [1999. (Understanding, optimizing, using and forecasting) realized volatility and correlation. Leonard N. Stern School Finance Department Working Paper Series, 99-061, New York University; 2000a. The distribution of realized exchange rate volatility. Journal of the American Statistical Association 96, no. 453: 42–55; 2000b. Exchange rate returns standardized by realized volatility are (nearly) Gaussian. Multinational Finance Journal 4, no. 3/4: 159–179; 2003. Modeling and forecasting realized volatility. NBER Working Paper Series 8160.] and Andersen et al. 2001a. Modeling and forecasting realized volatility. NBER Working Paper Series 8160., are referred to as ‘realized variance’. From the theory of quadratic variations of diffusions, it is possible to show that realized variance measures, based on sufficiently frequently sampled returns, are error-free volatility estimates. Our objective here is to examine realized variance measures, where well-documented market microstructure effects, such as return autocorrelation and volatility clustering, are included in the return generating process. Our findings are that the use of squared returns as a measure for realized variance will lead to estimation errors on sampling frequencies adopted in the literature. In the case of return autocorrelation, there will be systematic biases. Further, we establish increased standard deviation in the error between measured and real variance as sampling frequency decreases and when volatility is non-constant.  相似文献   

3.
We analyze the effects of nonsynchronicity and market microstructurenoise on realized covariance type estimators. Hayashi and Yoshida(2005) propose a simple estimator that resolves the problemof nonsynchronicity and is unbiased and consistent for the integratedcovariance in the absence of noise. When noise is present, however,we find that this estimator is biased, and show how the biascan be corrected for. Ultimately, we propose a subsampling versionof the bias-corrected estimator which improves its efficiency.Empirically, we find that the usual assumption of a martingaleprice process plus an independently and identically distributed(i.i.d.) noise does not describe the dynamics of the observedprice process across stocks, which confirms the practical relevanceof our general noise specification and the estimation techniqueswe propose. Finally, a simulation experiment is carried outto complement the theoretical results.  相似文献   

4.
财政货币政策和股市关联性模型表明,宏观经济政策和股市可能存在强相关性。基于我国时序数据的脉冲响应函数检验结果显示,财政货币政策对股市作用存在阶段性并有着非中性和非对称性特征,即无论个体对政策冲击是否存在有效预期,政策变化对股市都将存在冲击效应。但二者对股市冲击持续时间有较大差异,财政政策冲击往往只存在短期效应,而货币政策冲击对股市长期波动却有显著影响。其中方差检验得出,财政政策对我国股市影响力相对更小。  相似文献   

5.
We study the arbitrage free optionpricing problem for the constant elasticity of variance (CEV) model. To treatthestochastic aspect of the CEV model, we direct attention to the relationship between the CEV modeland squared Bessel processes. Then we show the existence of a unique equivalentmartingale measure and derive the Cox's arbitrage free option pricing formulathrough the properties of squared Bessel processes. Finally we show that the CEVmodel admits arbitrage opportunities when it is conditioned to be strictlypositive.  相似文献   

6.
The availability of the transactions data of the Stock Exchange of Singapore allows us to examine intraday patterns and the relation among absolute price change, trade size and number of transactions. The presence of a trading halt in the mid-day results in two crude U-shaped return patterns but, contrary to Brock and Kleidon's (1992) model, it does not cause volume to be unusually high right before or after the halt. We find a positive relationship between absolute price changes and the number of transactions for both the active and inactive stocks. This supports the findings of Jones, Kaul and Lipson (1994) that these relationships also hold at the intraday level and in a market with different market architecture.  相似文献   

7.
针对以往参数方法存在权重确定困难的问题,本文提出了一种基于面板数据的银行效率评价的非参数方法(BEE),同时构造了相应的数学模型(M-BEE)。然后,应用(M-BEE)模型对中国四家国有银行、八家股份制商业银行2001-2008年的经济效率状况进行了实证分析,结果表明,八年间中国12家商业银行的综合效率呈现逐年递增趋势,纯技术效率呈现先下降后上升的U型特征,规模效率缓慢上升,变化不显著;2006-2007年我国12家商业银行的综合效率和纯技术效率整体上都有大幅提升;八家股份制银行的综合效率和纯技术效率均明显高于四大国有银行。  相似文献   

8.
从战略管理和财务理论融合的角度,利用762家上市公司的面板数据对公司多元化战略与资本结构之间的关系进行实证分析,研究发现:公司的债务水平与多元化程度存在显著的正相关关系,并且单一业务型公司的负债水平最低,主导业务型和相关业务型公司的居中,非相关业务型公司的债务水平最高.因此,公司战略的制定与实施应考虑其财务影响;同样,资本结构决策也应该考虑如何与公司战略相配合,以从资本结构决策中获得竞争优势.  相似文献   

9.
采用两只股票的日数据和5种高频数据,借鉴组合预测思想,综合利用协整模型和新卡尔曼滤波模型,与统计套利策略具体目标相结合,设计出新统计套利组合策略,实证分析数据频率、策略选择对统计套利效果的影响.结果表明:运用高频数据及引入卡尔曼滤波模型均有效,但卡尔曼滤波模型与协整模型不存在明显优劣之分,选择组合策略是必要的;组合策略收益性显著优于采取单一模型的套利策略;组合策略下的套利组合随数据频率提高,收益率波动性更小、更稳定;组合策略接近市场中性,能很好地免疫市场风险.  相似文献   

10.
We employ a bivariate common factor model to establish a permanent-transitory decomposition of two major stock indices (the Deutsche Aktienindex (DAX) for Germany and the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) for the United States). Using high-frequency data, we (1) identify a common trend shared by both indices, (2) find that the DJIA contributes up to 95% to the total innovation of the common factor, (3) show that both markets adjust within minutes to a system-wide shock, and (4) verify by hypothesis testing that the DJIA is the driving force in the transatlantic system of stock indices.  相似文献   

11.
为了以消费增长推动经济的发展,我国于2010年先后在北京、上海、天津、四川四个地区设立了消费金融公司。论文以我国15个地区2003年到2012年的面板数据为样本,研究了消费金融公司的设立对我国居民的消费支出产生的影响。建立模型时,首先对15个省市总体情况进行研究,然后重点对四个消费金融公司行政总部所在民消地的居民消费支出情况进行研究。结果发现,不管是全国范围内还是以上四个地区。都不能得出居民的消费支出受消费金融公司的影响而增加的结论。因此,为更好地发挥其作用,我国消费金融公司还需进一步扩大经营规模与影响力。  相似文献   

12.
信用评级过程中商业银行单靠数据清洗无法根本剔除蓄意欺诈性数据。这就要求商业银行设计专门的系统和模型,以便有效地识别和防范数据欺诈行为。分析财务数据欺诈的类型.选取判定数据欺诈的指标,设计数据反欺诈模型系统,整合相应的业务流程,为商业银行实施评级系统提供重要的数据保障。  相似文献   

13.
本文通过构造面板数据模型分析了我国各区域农村商业银行的可持续发展能力,结果发现,农村商业银行的利润主要来源于利差,时间因素的变化对农村商业银行发展也存在不同影响,东部地区农村商业银行的可持续发展能力明显强于中西部地区,从供给角度看,这与当地政府的政策扶持及各机构的创新能力等有较大关系。  相似文献   

14.
随着新三板市场的不断发展,其已成为科技型中小企业重要的融资渠道。本文以在新三板挂牌的湖北省科技型中小企业为研究对象,运用DEA方法测算他们的融资效率并进行比较分析,纵向对比与横向对比的结果均表明借助新三板进行融资并未带来企业融资效率的提升。进一步,构建动态面板数据模型来分析影响融资效率的主要因素,实证结果表明:由于融入资金未得到充分利用和合理配置,抑制了企业盈利能力、成长能力、偿债能力、营运能力、研发与创新能力的提升,继而导致了新三板科技型中小企业融资效率下降。  相似文献   

15.
本文在借鉴国际计算方法的基础上,对我国城镇居民参与股市的广度和深度进行了测算,并实证检验了其对城镇居民财产性收入的影响。研究发现股市参与广度和深度对财产性收入提高均有显著正向促进作用,但城镇居民股市参与广度的影响总体服从倒U型特征。同时,房产价格和收入分配差距也对城镇居民财产性收入有显著影响。  相似文献   

16.
利用1995-2008年广东自主创新相关数据,运用DEA的方法对其自主创新效率变化进行了测算,分析了TC、PTEC、SEC和TEP指数值以及各指标的期望值等,结果表明:在考察期内,广东的技术进步时期占多数,其中在香港回归和"非典"结束后的一年里自主创新进步程度较大,广东自主创新各项指标都预期能达到一个更高的层次。  相似文献   

17.
自改革开放以来引进外资一直是我国经济发展的重点,外资对经济发展及技术进步带来的外溢效应促进了我国经济的长足发展。主要结合中部六省外商直接投资在中部六省的发展情况,选择人力资本存量、对外贸易依存度两个指标来分析外商直接投资对中部六省经济发展带来的影响,得出人力资本存量对外商直接投资外溢效应的贡献度比较高,而对外贸易依存度对外商直接投资外溢效应影响并不显著。最后针对此分析结果为中部六省如何提高外商直接投资对经济发展的贡献提出相应的政策建议。  相似文献   

18.
当前中国经济社会处于快速转型期,伴随着改革进程的不确定性风险日趋凸显,成为制约居民消费进一步扩张的重要因素。本文采用2003~2017年中国省级面板数据,考察了商业保险对居民消费行为的影响效应及其作用机制。研究发现,以商业保险密度和保险强度为表征的商业保险发展对居民消费有着显著正向影响,相较于农村居民消费,商业保险对城镇居民呈现更强的消费效应,同时财产保险消费效应明显高于人身保险对居民消费影响,进一步地,中介效应检验发现,不确定性缓解可能是商业保险影响居民消费的一个重要机制。基于此,本文认为,构筑完善的商业保险服务体系对于启动居民消费具有重要意义。  相似文献   

19.
违约概率(PD)的计量是商业银行内部评级体系的基础,它对整个内部评级体系的效果有根本性的影响.目前各种违约概率计量方法最大的缺陷是忽略了时间效应的影响.本文提出的含随机截距项的二值响应面板数据模型是对现有各种方法的深入和完善.首先,它成功地将二值响应模型融合在面板数据分析中;其次,它特别考虑了因为观测时间不同而产生的时间效应,依此在模型中加入了随机截距项.实证结果表明,这一方法具有更好的解释能力和预测效果,是银行业进行内部评级工作理想的模型,因此具有很强的理论价值和实践意义.  相似文献   

20.
利用2013年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据中的8355个家庭数据,在控制家庭人口特征和家庭经济能力的情况下,分别从家庭消费水平和家庭消费结构两方面考察人口老龄化进程中养老保障对家庭消费的影响。结果显示:养老负担会使家庭人均消费支出明显下降,但是医疗保健方面的消费支出占比会显著提高;参加养老保障会显著提高家庭的人均消费支出,尤其是无养老负担家庭会减少对未来养老的预防性储蓄而增加当期消费,养老保障的消费增进效应明显,但是有养老保障家庭的各项消费支出占比则没有显著的提高或下降。这充分说明养老负担是家庭消费水平难以提高的重要因素,而养老保障是刺激人口老龄化进程中消费增长的有力手段。  相似文献   

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