我国政府绿色采购的效应分析及其完善策略

基于可持续发展理论，在阐述政府绿色采购现实意义的基础上，分析了生态文明背景下政府绿色采购的经济效应、生态效应和示范带动效应，同时结合当前我国政府绿色采购所面临的主要障碍，从法律制度、经济激励、采购标准、绩效监督等方面提出相应的完善策略。     

Willingness to pay for the “Green Food” in China

With use of payment card survey data of willingness to pay (WTP) for the “Green Food”, a unique food certification in China, this study finds that age and income are important for the WTP for the Green Food in China. There are structural differences in consumer preference for Green Food between the large city and the small county. Consumers in China, on average, are willing to pay 47% more for Green vegetables and 40% more for Green meat than for their conventional counterparts. Compared with the real markets and the previous studies, our results are very consistent and reliable.     

The impact of convergence on regulatory policy in Europe

In December 1997, the European Commission published a Green Paper on the regulatory implications of the convergence of telecommunications, media and information technology sectors. The article starts with a look at the consultation process, and goes on to discuss some of the substantive issues raised. Without repeating material already evident in the Green Paper itself, it attempts to clarify the difference between Community and national approaches to regulation. Some ideas on the basis for national regulation are then explored, as are notions of the balance between the application of competition rules and sector-specific regulation in a converged environment.     

谈我国医药出口走出绿色壁垒的困境

本文基于目前我国医药出口面临的绿色壁垒的现状,采用数字对比、案例分析等方法,旨在分析绿色贸易壁垒对我国医药出口的多层次影响,结合实际情况,分别从政府和企业这两个不同的角度对我国医药出口面临的绿色贸易壁垒提出建议。     

绿色生态建筑指标体系及其评价的研究

绿色生态建筑是当前世界研究的热点之一,而我国的相关研究还不足,缺乏一个有效的“绿色生态建筑”评价认证的机制。通过分析生态建筑的基本理念,并结合我国国情探讨了我国建立绿色生态建筑指标体系的必要性,建立了绿色生态建筑指标体系,研究了评价绿色生态建筑的方法。     

山东省民营企业绿色营销现状与对策分析

绿色营销是一个全新的营销观,是21世纪企业实现可持续发展的必然选择。本文首先从绿色营销发展现状入手,分析民营企业绿色营销的发展机遇,指出山东省民营企业发展中存在的障碍因素,从而进一步提出山东省企业在绿色营销中实现可持续发展的对策,达到理论与实践的统一。     

“绿色壁垒”对石化企业的挑战

分析”绿色壁垒“产生的原因,背景及企业应对”绿色壁垒“的紧迫性,并提出了石化企业迎战”绿色壁垒“的对策。     

The EEC green paper : A faltering step in the right direction

This paper comments on the EEC Green Paper on the Development of the Common Market for Telecommunications Services and Equipment. Jonathan Solomon argues that only a radical change in European political thinking about telecommunications can prevent Europe from being left behind in the information race. The Green Paper represents a step in a long process of readjustment, though perhaps somewhat lacking in potency.     

绿色服装消费心理与行为的调查分析

采用问卷调查的方法调查中国绿色服装消费者的消费意识、消费心理、消费行为特点,通过调查发现绿色服装消费者已经成为不可忽略的新兴消费群体。绿色服装消费意识仍停留在注重“自身健康”的初级阶段,而“环保意识”较为淡漠;消费环境、消费方式以及产品的价格对消费者的绿色服装消费行为具有非常重要的作用。     

Platform Investment and price parity clauses*

Platforms use price parity clauses to prevent sellers setting lower prices when selling through other channels. They claim these restraints are needed so platforms have incentives to invest in providing search services—without them, consumers would search on the platform but then switch to buy in a cheaper channel. In a model incorporating these effects, we find that wide price parity clauses lead to excessive platform investment while narrow (or no) price parity clauses lead to insufficient platform investment. Taking these investment effects into account, wide price parity clauses lower consumer surplus but have ambiguous effects on total welfare.     

Green supply chain practices and environmental performance in Brazil: Survey,case studies,and implications for B2B

This article examines whether or not customers cooperate in organisations' environmental performance, in what circumstances it happens; and how customers can collaborate with organisations in order to they improve their environmental performance. This research uses both the Ecological Modernisation (EM) and the Resource Dependence Theory (RDT) to analyse the effects of external Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices, namely, ‘Cooperation with Customers’ (CC) and ‘Green Purchasing’ (GP) on the Environmental Performance (EP) of organisations. A multi-method research is used, combining a survey and multiple-case studies of Brazilian organisations. The main results and contributions of this research include: (a) the Brazilian setting, in the context of EM, provides incentives for adopting GSCM practices, especially CC practices; (b) Brazilian organisations depend more on customers than on suppliers to improve EP; and (c) an original matrix for a better understanding of the roles of suppliers and customers to achieve a better EP through a GSCM approach is proposed. This paper provides an extension to EM and RDT theories applied to green operations management by showing that external GSCM can improve EP and such process depends more on CC than GP. Implications for B2B are highlighted.     

Healthy food diversity and supermarket interventions: Evidence from the Seacroft Intervention Study

Supermarket interventions have been a commonly used treatment for problems of fresh fruit accessibility in areas of previously limited availability, their wide ranges of healthy products and lower-prices making them seemingly perfect for promoting better diets. Empirical studies likewise fall in favour. However, this diversity also serves to give consumers opportunity to entrench bad habits and simply purchase more of the unhealthy foods they enjoy. In this paper we develop a new health index based upon UK government guidelines and look to the Seacroft Intervention Study for empirical evidence of supermarket impact thereupon. Using fixed effects unconditional quantile regression to provide robustness to our parameter estimates against covariate specification, we reinforce the message that supermarkets are not a panacea for dietary improvement. Whilst diversity increases post-intervention it is unlikely to be healthful, entrenching poor dietary habits rather than delivering improvement as intended. Careful consideration of planning policy, health education and sector regulation is needed.     

The Green thumb videotex experiment: Evaluation and policy implications

The authors report on an evaluation of Green Thumb, a videotex experiment carried out by the Cooperative Extension Service and the US Department of Agriculture. Green Thumb provided marketing, weather and other information to 200 farm families in Kentucky. The experiment was a successful demonstration of the concept of providing farming information via new communication technologies, but the specific configuration and organizational arrangements will have to be improved in future systems. Policy issues concerning the role of USDA in future agricultural systems are discussed.     

流媒体技术及应用

互联网的宽带化发展为流媒体技术的产生和发展提供了强大的动力和广阔的应用空间。流媒体技术将广泛应用于互联网上的多媒体新闻发布、视频点播、电子商务、远程教育、视频会议等网络信息服务的方方面面。本文将从流媒体的概念、技术体系、应用前景等方面分别进行阐述。由于音/视频文件一般很大,受网络带宽的限制,下载需较长时间。运用流媒体技术,音/视频文件通过服务器向用户实时传送并播放,用户只需几秒时间延迟便可进行观看,具有非常明显的优势。     

Potential of and constraints to the rice Green Revolution in Mozambique: A case study of the Chokwe irrigation scheme

This paper investigates the potential of and constraints to a lowland rice Green Revolution in Mozambique, using data from an agro-climatically favorable area, the Chokwe irrigation scheme. Our data show that, although the potential is high, the insufficient supply of irrigation water, excessively expensive chemical fertilizer, and moderately costly labor hinder the scheme from achieving that potential. First of all, an improvement in irrigation is crucial as it increases yield not only directly but also indirectly through its complementary relationship to chemical fertilizer. We also find that an improvement in credit access is important as it can increase the application of chemical fertilizer and labor by making the acquisition of these expensive inputs through markets possible. The unavailability of hired and exchange labor during peak seasons is another constraint to the intensive use of labor. The introduction of rice varieties with a shorter maturity duration would relax the timing of transplanting and thus spread out the peak seasons’ labor demand.     

Satellite broadcasting to homes: Service options,policy issues and costs

Comsat's proposal to launch a direct-to-home broadcast satellite (DBS) service has stimulated a vigorous policy debate on a wide range of issues. The authors examine briefly the economic and technological factors that seem to favour new DBS services, suggest a panoply of services that could be provided via DBS, and relate the policy issues to specific potential services. They also present a financial analysis of a hypothetical firm's DBS pay-TV service, enabling them to suggest the possible shape of a new DBS industry.     

我国纺织品服装应对绿色壁垒的策略研究

本文从纺织行业的现状出发,对商品出口面临的主要影响因素进行详细的分析,并通过配额时代前后的特点进行对比,分析我国纺织服装业面临的主要问题以及和发达国家之间的差距,并对绿色贸易壁垒进行动态分析与研究。为我国纺织服装业如何应对不断发展变化的绿色壁垒,提高企业自身的绿色竞争力,提出可行的方案。     

Rural development and agricultural policy in the EEC

Decision making on integrated rural development projects is a complex affair. Dr van den Noort isolates some important elements in the process, puts them into an economic policy framework and examines them in relation to some experiences in the Netherlands and the EEC. A wide gap emerges between the philosophy and practice of agricultural and rural policy which bodes ill for the future of the EEC. If agricultural policies and rural development are to lead to greater intergration in the EEC then they must be used to increase a still to be defined general welfare function for the EEC and not to further narrow-minded regional policies.     

We can be farmers,just for one day

Academics from the University of Cambridge and the London School if Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) have developed a simulation game of the role of agrarian change in a traditional community of small farmers in India. Following extensive data collection and trials of ad hoc games in a variety of institutions over the past ten years, the game has now been marketed in a commercial form as The Green Revolution Game. The primary aim to the game is to give participants an idea of what life is like for a small farmer in a dynamic society in developing country. The designers hope that it will be of value in training and sensitizing professionals and students in agricultural extension, project appraisal, rural and development planning, nutrition and economics.