信息共享、风险分担与农村银保互动机制

通过保险分散农村信贷所蕴含的风险是农村信贷风险分担的重要途径,也是农村金融发展的主要趋势。农村银保间信息共享可以有效防止信息不对称造成的逆向选择;农村银保间风险分担可以通过利益捆绑和激励相容解决道德风险。通过研究张家界市的＂信贷＋保险＂缔约过程与履约条件发现,银保合约创新分担了信贷机构的信贷风险,改善了缔约中的信息结构,降低了保险机构的运行成本,提高了农村金融体系的效率。     

会计信息供需矛盾的探讨

会计信息是一种特殊的商品,即"公共商品",因此也适用经济学的供求定理。根据这一定理,当会计信息的供给与需求不相等时,就会产生会计信息的供需矛盾。会计理论本身固有的局限性是会计信息供需矛盾产生的内在因素,会计环境的不断变化是会计信息供需矛盾产生的外在原因。解决会计信息供需矛盾的对策:一是充实与改进会计理论与会计方法;二是完善会计准则与会计制度;三是改善会计环境。     

知识经济视域下的跨政府部门信息资源整合与共享研究

知识经济时代复杂化、多元化的特点要求政府信息管理模式从以信息部门化的管制层级模式向以知识资产和知识活动为核心化的扁平模式转化．实现对知识的动态管理．以知识管理的视角对政府信息资源管理进行审视能够发现影响跨部门政府信息资源整合与共享的障碍,挖掘政府部门间的知识关联,据此改善对跨部门政府信息资源整合与共享有重要影响的环节。     

Information Sharing in the Presence of Preemptive Incentives: Economic Consequences of Mandatory Disclosure

Thisstudy examines the welfare implications of a mandatory disclosurerequirement in an oligopolistic market, in which firms can choosetheir output either before or after the resolution of demanduncertainty. Two main results are derived. First, it is shownthat there exists a set of parameter values under which mandatorydisclosure is ineffective in the sense that it does not induceany change in the equilibrium production. Second, for some otherparameter values, imposing mandatory disclosure alters the firms'incentive structure in a way that gives rise to a Pareto lossin welfare; i.e., firms and consumers are made strictly worseoff. These two results suggest that the regulatory implicationsderived from the information-sharing literature should be interpretedwith caution.     

供应链应收账款融资模式引入信用保险的企业行为研究——基于前景理论的演化博弈模型

供应链应收账款融资模式是有效解决中小企业融资难的一种方法,而核心企业在供应链应收账款融资模式中作为最终的还款来源,一旦出现违约情况,代价十分高昂,由保险公司对这部分应收账款提供信用保障,将有效控制核心企业出现的信用风险。为此,架构了一个包含中小企业、核心企业、保险公司的交易演化博弈模型,基于前景理论,构造了中小企业的价值函数,通过对该模型的演化均衡过程的比较静态分析,论证了保险公司的费率水平、赔偿比例、追偿比例等因素,均会对中小企业与核心企业交易的博弈均衡产生影响。最后,根据论证结论,从保险机制发挥作用角度,就促进交易均衡的达成提出了对策。     

大数据背景下消费者个人信用信息共享风险的知识治理对策研究

在大数据技术应用背景下,消费者个人信用信息通过共享被加工为知识,促进了消费者人格的发展和征信等产业的升级,但同时共享者的组织有序与共享的整体效率之间的矛盾难以调和,从而阻碍了共享功能的实现.运用知识治理原理并借鉴英国沙箱监管等治理经验,通过合理配置治理权限完善共享者的内部组织,确保共享的整体有序,促进共享的高效开展,应...     

Restructuring and Firm Value: The Effects of Profitability and Restructuring Purpose

This study extends prior research on the information content of restructuring charges. We find that the relationship between restructuring activities and returns during the restructuring charge year is different for loss firms than for profit firms. Restructurings that are primarily intended to either eliminate personnel or exit a line of business are positively associated with returns of the loss firms, suggesting that investors view these activities as value-increasing. In contrast, common stock returns of profit firms exhibit a nonpositive association with restructuring charges. Overall, our results point to the role of the context and the content of the restructuring announcement in the market's assessment of the value relevance of restructuring charges reported in the financial statements.     

区块链技术对传统征信的变革研究

区块链技术具备的去中心化、共识决策、信息透明、不可篡改、无法抵赖、分布式数据库等特点,从根本上克服了目前基于观念、规制和经验的信用管理的理念和技术缺陷,这些特点恰恰是群体、社区和社会信用管理所需要的核心技术要素。区块链技术的应用对传统征信业务及其发展带来了理念、规程和技术等方面的变革,未来征信业将面临良好的发展前景。     

Profitability,Value, and Stock Returns in Production‐Based Asset Pricing without Frictions

In a production‐based asset pricing model without adjustment costs and with decreasing returns to scale following Brock (1982), stock returns at the firm level are determined by profitability, the book‐to‐market ratio, and the change in future profitability prospects. Although firms with low book‐to‐market ratios are normally more profitable and profitable firms are predicted to have higher returns, the stylized fact that book‐to‐market ratios positively forecast returns still holds theoretically, but with specific predicted exceptions. These implications are confirmed empirically.     

供应链经济背景下供应链金融发展现状、问题与策略研究——基于构建经济发展新格局的视角

构建以国内经济大循环为主的国内国际经济双循环的经济发展新格局,是党中央应对当前国际国内新形势提出的新的发展战略。供应链经济是实现经济双循环目标的重要抓手,而供应链金融则是供应链经济能否持续繁荣的重要保障。近年来,我国的供应链金融虽然有了较快的发展,但面对复杂多变的经济金融形势,特别是构建经济发展新格局的战略背景下,必须根据供应链经济变化新特点,扎紧供应链金融的风险敞口,设计好供应链金融的新布局,提升供应链金融在各项金融产品中的比重,加快供应链金融各项政策落地,以数字化为主要手段全面推动供应链金融生产能力的再释放,充分满足供应链经济发展的需求,发挥金融在供应链经济发展,特别是经济发展新格局构建中的重要作用。     

美国税权划分制度评析与借鉴

美国的联邦、州和地方三级政府各自拥有属于本级的税权,并在同级政府层面上表现为税收立法权、执法权和司法权三者之间的划分与制衡。本文通过分析美国税权划分的主要特点,对我国税权划分改革提出了若干建议:确定税权划分的法定主义原则、税收立法权划分的指导思想、赋予地方适度税权的具体设想、明确划分中央与地方税收执法权限、建立解决地区间税权争议的协调机制、通过一些制度设计完善税收司法权的行使。     

农业产业链下的信息、信用与信贷链接:东营案例

本文通过研究产业链整合相关理论,从东营海参产业案例出发,分析探了立足于农业产业链所开展的信息、信用与信贷的有效链接模式,为"三农问题"的解决提供了很好的借鉴。     

创建高校学科文献信息中心 实现高校文献资源共建共享

本文在分析高校图书馆和院(系)资料室现状的基础上,阐明了馆室之间利用群体优势针对学科建设和发展的需要,实现文献资源共建共享,共建一体化学科文献信息中心的必要性,并提出了具体的建议和方法,达到提高图书馆与院(系)资料室为学科建设服务的功能,促进高校图书情报系统的改革和发展。     

基于博弈论的我国高校教育成本信息披露分析

随着高等教育的发展,高校连年扩招所带来的财力紧张问题十分突出,高校教育成本核算的研究成为热点问题,虽然对其已经取得很大的成就,但是对相关成本信息的披露还很少有人涉及。本文从博弈论的角度,从我国高校教育成本内容入手,构建了我国高校信息供需双方的模型,最后运用博弈论,构建了我国高校教育成本信息披露的供需双方博弈支付矩阵,并对此进行了简单分析。     

Information Sharing and International Taxation: A Primer

The sharing between national tax authorities of taxpayer-specific information has emerged over the last few years as a—probably ‘the’—central issue on the international tax policy agenda. Yet this refocusing of the debate on international taxation—away from parametric tax coordination and towards strengthening information exchange—has gone largely unnoticed in the public finance literature. This paper gives an overview of this increasingly important area of international taxation, reviewing the key economic, legal, and practical concepts and issues bearing on the analysis and implementation of information exchange, and providing an account of recent policy initiatives and emerging theoretical insights. JEL Code: H77, H87, F42     

从落地应用层面构建区块链信用信息交易系统

区块链能够以数据交易作为切入点,赋能信用信息系统从信息互联向价值互联变革.现有信用信息系统缺乏足够数据覆盖和有效数据共享,缺乏可靠技术平台支撑,而区块链技术可以提供安全可信的数据协同和价值交易,其中区块链技术嵌入信用数据交易的实际适用问题至关重要.分析信用信息交易中区块链真实落地所面临的现实困难,提出搭建部分业务中心化...     

国有商业银行股份制改造中的信息不对称及博弈分析

国有商业银行改革的关键是股份制改造,通过股份制改造来优化产权结构,提高经营效率,确保金融安全和经济稳定。但是,在股份制改造过程中不可避免地存在着信息不对称造成的逆向选择与改革之后的道德风险。分析通过上市引入外部资金的改革模式下信息不对称的现象及其可能产生的后果,提出引入金融中介的解决办法,并从博弈论的角度讨论该办法实行的必要条件。     

Discretionary and Non-Discretionary Revisions of Loss Reserves by Property-Casualty Insurers: Differential Implications for Future Profitability, Risk and Market Value

We develop and estimate a PC-industry specific model in which proxies for both discretion and non-discretion are used to partition loss reserve revisions into discretionary and non-discretionary components. The use of such proxies enables us to test directional hypotheses about the relations between the revision components and future profitability, risk and market value. We predict and find that discretionary revisions are negatively associated with future profitability, positively associated with firm risk, and negatively associated with market-to-book ratios. We predict and find that non-discretionary revisions are positively associated with future profitability and risk but are not associated with market-to-book ratios.     

契约和关系视域下供应链金融物流信用缺失治理机制研究

供应链金融物流是供给侧结构性改革背景下推进"贸易+物流+金融"创新融合发展的新业态、新路径,但参与方的信用缺失严重阻碍了其健康发展。在交易费用理论和社会交换理论支撑下,综合考虑经济交易性因素与社会交换因素,从契约和关系两个层面提出供应链金融物流信用缺失治理机制。研究结果表明:在供应链金融物流信用缺失治理机制中,契约治理机制和关系治理机制可以相互补充、相互促进,共同降低交易费用,维持交易合作长期性,实现治理效果。     

Effects of an Information Sharing System on Employee Creativity,Engagement, and Performance

Many service organizations rely on information sharing systems to boost employee creativity to meet customer needs. We conducted a field experiment in a retail chain, based on a registered report accepted by JAR, to test whether an information sharing system recording employees’ creative work affected the quality of creative work, job engagement, and financial performance. We found that, on average, this system did not have a significant effect on any of these outcomes. However, it significantly improved the quality of creative work in stores that had accessed the system more frequently and in stores with fewer same‐company nearby stores. It also improved creative work and job engagement in stores in divergent markets, where customers needed more customization. We found weak evidence of better financial results where salespeople had lower creative talent before the system was introduced. Our findings shed light on those conditions in which information sharing systems affect employees’ creative work.