Effects of Free Trade on Women and Immigrants: CAFTA and the Rural Dominican Republic

We construct a disaggregated rural economywide model with a focus on gender and immigration as well as on the allocation of time to wage work, household production activities, and housework (reproduction). We use this model to simulate the impacts of the Dominican Republic-Central American Free Trade Agreement (DR-CAFTA) on rural incomes and welfare in the Dominican Republic. We find that elimination of agricultural import tariffs hurts both agricultural and non-agricultural households, via adverse factor-market effects, but impacts vary substantially by workers’ gender and country of origin. Females and Haitian immigrants tend to fare better than Dominican males, and there are ramifications for both market and non-market activities.     

论我国劳动立法的思想与实践

劳动法以对劳动者权益的倾斜保护为主要目的,是国家干预劳动关系的主要手段。作为劳动者当家做主的社会主义国家,我国劳动立法在历经革命年代的洗礼和新中国成立后的初创、恢复与发展后,建立了劳动基准制度、劳动合同制度,并逐步探索出了一条具有中国特色的面向未来的能够有效衡平各方利益的发展道路,实现了对劳动者诚实劳动的保护,并为建立和谐劳动关系奠定了坚实基础。     

Changes in the Distribution of Household Income in Brazil: The Role of Male and Female Earnings

Annual survey data spanning three decades and a non-parametric technique for constructing counterfactual distributions are employed to analyze the relationship between earnings and the distribution of household income in Brazil. Results show that significant changes in the structure of female earnings reflecting rising wages and participation rates had limited equalizing consequences but considerable poverty-reducing effects. These developments counterbalanced poverty-increasing changes in the structure of male earnings. A stable macroeconomic environment was associated with a consistent but a limited fall in inequality and a strong decline in poverty mainly related to rising earnings among women at the lower end of the household income distribution.     

劳动力转移与贵州新农村建设

转移农村剩余劳动力，是新农村建设的必然要求、重要内容和手段。把农村劳动力转移到非农产业就业，能促进农民增收和农村劳动力素质提高，有利于改善城乡人口和资源配置，为农业和农村发展提供基本条件。劳动力转移也带来了农业生产停滞和老人赡养、儿童教育等社会问题。贵州在开展农村劳动力转移的过程中，要坚持以本地就业为主导的思路，统筹城乡发展，积极探索适合贵州工业化和城市化道路，使新农村建设和城市建设共同发展，共同繁荣。     

Arresting the Killer in the Kitchen: The Promises and Pitfalls of Commercializing Improved Cookstoves

In a shift exemplary of neoliberal approaches to development, major funders of household energy interventions have begun to emphasize market-based stove dissemination over partially subsidized models. Stove promoters are increasingly expected to operate as self-sustaining businesses. This shift is viewed as a way to “scale-up” in order to reach millions of poor households lacking access to clean cooking technologies. Using the case of GIRA, an NGO that has successfully distributed cookstoves in Mexico’s Central Highlands for nearly two decades, we demonstrate how this trend presents challenges for organizations operating effectively with outside funding in highly contextual local conditions.     

我国经济发展水平与劳动力就业数量关系研究——兼论我国劳动力资源是否过剩

我国劳动力对经济发展而言,其生产率高于资本,因而经济发展对劳动力就业的促进作用逐渐减弱（经济增长的就业弹性逐渐变小）。据测算,我国2013年以前劳动力就业压力很大,2015年以后劳动力又会供不应求。所以,我国未来经济发展中,2014年前后应采用不同的产业结构调整策略来充分满足劳动力就业的要求。     

区域产业分工的历史演进及对中国首都圈发展的启示

随着经济全球化的推进和科学技术的迅猛发展,近年来区域产业分工出现了由传统的产业间分工到产业内分工,再到产品价值链分工不断深化的历程。在我国,经济区内产业间、产业内和产品价值链的分工同时存在。文章测算了首都圈和长三角产业间分工水平,部分证实了首都圈产业分工较为落后的观点。     

美国出口倍增计划对广东外经贸的影响及对策

美国的对外经济政策发生变化将会引起其它国家相应政策一定程度的调整以及世界经济的变动。中国是美国第三大出口市场,广东省对美国贸易总额占全国对关贸易总额的30％左右,美国实施出口倍增计划对中国特别是对广东的外经贸发展必然产生影响,这种影响既有有利方面也有不利方面。广东的应对措施主要应包括：继续坚持实施互利共赢的开放战略;抓住机遇,建立与美国以及其他国家进出口企业的广泛联系;重构广东的自主创新战略;提高出口商品价格,缓解人民币汇率升值和出口成本增加的压力;发挥制造业优势,积极参与国际经济合作,提升国际竞争力;注重国际市场安全研究,加强市场多元化战略的实施,保护海外利益。     

百年炮火中的未竟之学——对民国时期国际关系研究与教学的回溯

作者凭借史料,并参考、评价和补充既有学术史研究成果,对民国时期的国际关系学进行回溯。作者首先聚焦学术著作、教材和大学课程设置,认为民国时期国际关系学形成于国际关系史学和国际法学的基础之上、并逐渐朝多元化发展的过程演进,中国的国际关系学科是在20世纪30年代形成的。其次,文章考察了20世纪30年代中国期刊发表外交论文情况,以《外交月报》与《外交评论》为考察对象,重点探讨了民国学者在外敌压境下,放眼国际形势、关注国际格局、思考中国问题,在舆论界发出学术界的声音,尝试以智识指导舆论。国际关系学在民国时期的发展始终与国家的命运相联系,在百年炮火之下,国人眼界逐步放宽,学界亦秉持务实的精神,为实现中国之自由与平等,从被动学习到主动研究,从了解世界到救亡图存,在西学与中学交汇、政治与公众之间寻求自身的平衡点。百年前的未竟之学,要求我们对整个国际关系加以深入的研究,从而建立起一个完整的国际关系学。