The Cambridge School of Keynesian Economics

There have been strong ties between the Cambridge Journal ofEconomics (CJE) and the Cambridge School of Keynesian Economics,from the very beginning. In this paper, the author investigatesthe environment that saw the birth of the CJE at Cambridge (UK),in 1977, and the relationship that linked it to the direct pupilsof Keynes. A critical question is explicitly examined: why didn'tthe ‘Keynesian revolution’ succeed in becoming apermanent winning paradigm? Some behavioural mistakes of themembers of the Keynesian School may explain this lack of success,but only to a certain extent. In any case, there were and therestill are remedies too. But what we are inheriting is a uniqueset of analytical building blocks (the paper lists eight ofthem) that makes this School of economics a viable (and in somedirections definitely superior) alternative to mainstream economics.Admittedly, there is some important work still to be done. Thepaper highlights the need for a two-stage approach, addressingpure theory and extensive institutional analysis. It is arguedthat a combination of the two would strengthen the coherenceof the theoretical foundations, and at the same time would providea fruitful extension of economic analysis to empirical, institutionaland economic dynamics investigations.     

李文的悲剧

AOI和时代华纳创造了世界上最大的传媒企业。市值跌去70％之后,他们又创造了另一世界之最,即剥离资产540亿。接踵而至的却是一场旷日持久的法人争夺战。     

The Cambridge challenge to the Ricardian analysis of poverty

The Ricardian economists’ famous model of economic growth employed the Malthusian population doctrine, the law of diminishing returns, and the classical or iron law of wages. This analysis was based on utilitarian moral philosophy. The gloomy Stationary State conclusions of the Ricardian growth model — maldistribution of income and widespread poverty — were challenged by both economists and moral philosophers. A particularly important challenge was that offered by William Whewell (1794–1866), Professor of Moral Philosophy and the dominant figure at the University of Cambridge. Whewell is remembered today for his early contributions to mathematical economics. This article begins with a review of the Ricardian growth model. Next, Whewell’s system of moral philosophy is examined and the scientific and religious basis of Whewell’s antagonism to Ricardian economics is considered. After considering Whewell’s treatment of agricultural progress, economic classes, and rent doctrine, his own model of economic growth is analyzed. Finally, Whewell’s appraisal of the duty of government to those harmed by development is explored.     

The Relationships of Religion to Economics

The relationships between religion and economics are both complex and controversial. In this paper is explored one method for organizing those relationships. Four categories are examined which help identify possible options: economics separate from religion economics; in service of religion; religion in service of economics; and religion in union with economics. The paper begins with a definition of what is included under the headings of religion and economics. Next, each of the four categories is described and discussed. Conclusions close the paper.     

Interaction between knowledge and technology: a contribution to the theory of development

Abstract.  This article attempts to explain the large and persistent disparities in levels of output per worker across countries. It is argued that an explanation for these disparities requires an understanding of the relationship between knowledge and technology. The model that is constructed can be summarized as an open-economy version of the Solow-Swan growth model, in which technological change is investment specific, and knowledge about new technologies is embodied in labour. In the model, income differences arise because poor countries lack the knowledge to implement foreign technologies productively. Furthermore, these disparities persist when countries differ in their ability to learn. JEL classification: F43, O11     

经济学的困境与行为经济学的解构

行为经济学在当代的发展已经突破了正统经济学的基本框架,开始对情感、策略互动行为、社会效用、决策者在未知世界中的选择行为进行系统研究,并在最近几年综合形成了多种由理性系统和非理性系统组成的双系统模型.这些双系统模型与2 000多年前的柏拉图马车模型同构.经济学研究对柏拉图的回归,表明经济学仍然处于单极化本质主义的结构化陷阱之中.研究分析表明,经济学发展目前面临的困境,正是经济学转向关系论,走上希望之路的起点.     

新自由主义思潮的经济哲学批判

新自由主义经济学重要代表人物哈耶克与弗里德曼等人都以其经济学认识论与方法论而著称。在哈耶克的自发秩序原理和弗里德曼的货币主义理论中,个体人的自由行动构成为最基本的概念范畴,进而在自由竞争的市场体制下促成了资本主义的繁荣发展。随着二十世纪七十年代新自由主义的兴起及其全球化资本主义的盛行,其反思与批判成为了现代政治经济学的核心议题,并对马克思主义的时代发展具有重要比较意义。     

西方产业经济学的发展轨迹与我国产业经济学体系的构建

西方的产业经济学与我国有较大差异。本文论述了西方产业经济学的发展轨迹、主要学术流派及其观点。借鉴西方产业经济学的发展成果并结合我国的国情,文章对如何构建我国的产业经济学体系提出建议。     

公民社会呼吁法经济学的大发展

公民社会的基本原则是自由、平等和公正,这些原则既是由法律规定和保障的,又要受到法律的约束与限制。在公民社会经济领域的自由、平等和公正的法律权利与现实生活还有很大距离,有些时候仅靠法律是难以实现公民社会的这些基本目标的,因而,需要探讨法律目标与经济关系的最佳结合点,呼唤法经济学的大发展。     

Agricultural productivity and economic development: the contribution of clover to structural transformation in Denmark

This paper contributes to the debate on the impact of agricultural productivity on long run economic development. It presents evidence that widespread adoption of clover contributed to local economic development based on a panel of 56 Danish market towns. We adopt a differences-in-differences approach augmented by an instrumental variable and find that the adoption of clover accounts for about 8 percent of the growth in market town population from 1672 to 1901. The analysis suggests that the effect of the adoption of clover on the process of development was mediated by its impact on human capital formation.     

从自然资源经济学到可持续经济学

随着物质生活水平的快速提高,人类也面临着诸如森林退化、土地荒漠化、物种多样性丧失以及温室效应恶化等生存环境问题。可持续发展问题日益受到人们的关注,通过经济学的视角来研究可持续发展的可持续经济学得到了快速的发展。本文从经济学的角度界定了自然资源的概念,回顾了经济学对自然资源的研究历程,对自然资源经济学的起源、发展进行了评述;论证了自然资源经济学和可持续经济学的关系,指出在可持续发展问题研究中融合自然资源经济学和环境经济学的必然性,以自然资源经济学和环境经济学为重要元素的可持续经济学是可持续问题经济研究的高级阶段,文章进一步探讨了可持续经济学的分析框架、发展现状及存在的问题。     

行为经济学对风险投资的启示

行为经济学已成为当代西方经济学研究的热点,并于20世纪80年代兴起于金融学中,目前这一学说正是西方国家金融研究和实践的前沿领域,同时也是热门领域。在此,本文通过借鉴行为经济学中的相关理论,在对风险投资进行分析的基础上,从投资者的心理、行为特征以及认知偏差的角度出发,着重对行为经济学在风险投资决策过程中的运用进行了详细而深入的探讨。     

从自然资源经济学到可持续经济学

随着物质生活水平的快速提高,人类也面临着诸如森林退化、土地荒漠化、物种多样性丧失以及温室效应恶化等生存环境问题.可持续发展问题日益受到人们的关注,通过经济学的视角来研究可持续发展的可持续经济学得到了快速的发展.本文从经济学的角度界定了自然资源的概念,回顾了经济学对自然资源的研究历程,对自然资源经济学的起源、发展进行了评述;论证了自然资源经济学和可持续经济学的关系,指出在可持续发展问题研究中融合自然资源经济学和环境经济学的必然性,以自然资源经济学和环境经济学为重要元素的可持续经济学是可持续问题经济研究的高级阶段,文章进一步探讨了可持续经济学的分析框架、发展现状及存在的问题.     

家电下乡制度构建的经济学解读——基于国家干预经济的研究路径

家电下乡在提高农民生活质量、扩大农村消费等方面具有重大意义。在家电下乡实施过程及其制度构建中,必须坚持尊重市场经济规律、切实保障农民权益和有所为、有所不为的基本原则。在制度构建上,应重点完善家电下乡市场准入制度和产品补贴制度,还应建立健全市场监管和责任追究机制。另外,在完善家电下乡相关制度的同时,还要做好制度外工作,即要加强农村公共设施建设,并进行相应改革。     

The contribution of weather variability to economic sectors

Every day, people make economic decisions based on the weather, affecting sales of companies in a wide range of economic sectors. In many cases, the impact of weather on sales is not constant from one season to the next. Yet, the existing research to estimate the influence of temperature on annual sales has not analysed the relationship per season, resulting in potential washout effects and underestimated weather impacts. Drawing upon French economic sectors for empirical evidence, we break down the analysis of the relationship between weather and monthly sales by season. Our methodology provides the cumulative annual contribution of weather to sales and allows deriving the maximum potential annual impact of adverse weather. With our results, analysts and risk managers can better understand the exposure to abnormal weather and consider the potential benefits of mitigating weather risk using the weather parameters we identify to structure bespoke index-based financial instruments.     

垄断竞争中广告行为的经济学阐释

垄断竞争是现实生活中广泛存在的一种市场结构,而广告则是企业实施差异化策略和获取市场势力的重要手段,被广泛地运用于企业的运营实践中。然而,营销学并没有解释广告对企业的影响力度。为此。从经济学的角度对垄断竞争中的广告行为给予解释,分别探讨了最优广告费用的求解、广告对企业的长期影响、信息不对称下的广告策略,以及广告的福利效果,以期对垄断竞争中的广告行为提供一定的理论支持。     

基于有限理性假设的行为经济学分析

经济学关于理性假设的争论正成为最近学术界研究的热点。本文提出由于不确定性的存在,个体在追求效用最大化行为的同时,必须考虑他人的选择,正是这种内生的根本不确定性才真正构成了有限理性的实质内容。最后,本文指出在证券市场上即使没有了外生的不确定性,投资者决策之间及其价格的互动也会产生内生的根本不确定性,这对理解股市的泡沫与崩溃有极为重要的意义。