中国广告资源依托能走多远

关于中国广告是否能以资源依托取得突破发展。在广告实务界与理论界产生了分歧。学者们认为目前首要解决的问题是行业地位与宏观产业政策的明确。而广告实务界则在竞争的压力下率先以资源依托为发展手段。二者均对，只是重心不同而已，在不同的历史阶段，身处不同位置的广告人有着不同的选择。     

How advertising slogans can prime evaluations of brand extensions

Different versions of a brand slogan were presented to each of three treatment groups before they evaluated six potential extensions of a fictitious brand. One slogan primed “nutrition,” one primed “spiciness,” and the third primed “high quality” as product attributes. All other product and brand information was held constant. The slogans had a significant effect both on the perceived similarity and on the evaluations of potential brand extensions. The results suggest that there is considerable flexibility in the category of products that a brand represents. Advertising slogans can play an important role in supporting or undermining a brand extension strategy by drawing attention to attributes that the new product either has in common with existing products or that conflict with existing products. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

寻找广告费的那一半——降低广告风险，保证广告效果——重庆电视台广告风险管理机制

编前：目前，广告主考核电视媒介投放效果主要指标包括总收视点、传播广度、有效到达频次、广告千人成本等．其中收视率是左右企业广告投放的关键。但业界也逐步意识到。对于电视节目的广告创收而言收视率不是万能的。     

Ad wearout wearout: How time can reverse the negative effect of frequent advertising repetition on brand preference

This paper reports a surprising reversal in the effect of advertising repetition over time. A field study shows higher annoyance with a more frequently advertised brand at the time of advertising, but greater preference for this same brand several weeks later. A longitudinal online experiment replicates the reversal in brand preference across four time points and tests an underlying mechanism for this reversal. It shows that initial annoyance with frequent ad repetition is highly susceptible to decay over time, whereas brand memory remains relatively stable. Through these two processes, brands with heavier advertising exposure move over time from lower preference to higher preference. Finally, a third experiment demonstrates a crucial condition for this reversal — product relevance at the time of consideration. This study shows that the reversal occurs only if at the later time the product category is relevant. We discuss the substantial implications of these findings for marketing theory and practice.     

寻找广告费的那一半

编前:目前,广告主考核电视媒介投放效果主要指标包括总收视点、传播广度、有效到达频次、广告千人成本等,其中收视率是左右企业广告投放的关键。但业界也逐步意识到,对于电视节目的广告创收而言收视率不是万能的。     

Decreasing advertising interference: The impact of comparable differences on consumer memory in competitive advertising environments

This study investigates the structural alignment processes in reducing memory interference in a competitive advertising context. In particular, an experimental study is carried out to understand how alignable (i.e., comparable) and nonalignable (i.e., noncomparable) attributes influence ad claim recall at differing levels of competitive ads. Findings indicate that recall of alignable attributes is higher than that of nonalignable attributes in the presence of ads for competing brands. Results from the study also suggest that nonalignable attribute recall decreases as the number of ads featuring competing brands increases from zero to two, whereas alignable attribute recall is not affected by increasing the level of competitive ads. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

How coviewing reduces the effectiveness of TV advertising

In the present study – a naturalistic laboratory experiment – coviewing of TV commercials reduced their effectiveness (delayed proven ad recall) from 63%, obtained by single viewers, to 43%, for both coviewers. During coviewing, the ‘mere presence of another’ apparently distracts each coviewer's attention from the screen. The reduction in TV ads' effectiveness due to coviewing is equivalent to the loss from channel-change zapping, which reduces ad recall to 45%. More deleterious but less prevalent modes of digital video recorder-enabled ad avoidance are skip-button zapping, which reduces recall to 35%, and moderately fast zipping ( × 8 fast forward), which reduces ad effectiveness almost entirely, leaving only 6% recall. This study concludes with some practical suggestions for improving the effectiveness of TV commercials seen by a coviewing audience.     

Pride in my past: Influencing sustainable choices through behavioral recall

Emotional appraisal research has demonstrated that recalling a past behavior and its associated emotions can influence future behavior. However, how such recalled emotions shape sustainable consumer choice has not been examined. This study examines the role of recalled pride and guilt in shaping sustainable purchase intentions and the mediating role of anticipated pride and guilt. A conceptual model is proposed for motivating sustainable purchase intentions through the emotions associated with the behavioral recall. The model is applied in two experiments with online consumers examining purchase intentions of low carbon cars. Recalling feelings of pride associated with a past sustainability‐related behavior increases sustainable purchase intention, as compared with a neutral recall. This effect occurs through the mediation of both anticipated pride at the prospect of a sustainable behavior choice and anticipated guilt if the future choice is not sustainable. Similar hypotheses relating to recalled guilt at past unsustainable behavior were not supported. The study contributes to research on sustainable consumption, revealing an emotional route by which past behavior can influence future behavior. It also adds to emotional appraisal research by showing the role of specific self‐conscious emotions in forming this route, as prior research has focused more broadly on emotional valence.     

美酒篇--葡萄佳酿如此成

世界各地酿制红酒的程序大多都是去梗,压榨,再将果肉、果核、果皮统统装进发酵桶中发酵,这些发酵桶都需要先用低剂量的二氧化硫处理,以预防微生物污染.勃艮第一些酿酒师要留梗,他们认为这样可以给葡萄酒添加组成.葡萄汁在大缸中发酵生成酒精的同时,果皮和果肉经过在葡萄汁中的浸泡(和烹饪的腌泡差不多),5-7日便释出葡萄酒的色素和耐久的劲力(劲度).     

How consumer heterogeneity muddles the international advertising debate

Standardisation versus localisation is an enduring topic in international advertising. The generalisability of research on the topic is another issue. We address the second issue and in the process shed light on the first. Multifacet analysis on an international advertising data set indicated that individuals within countries accounted for much more variance than countries could account for. This portends that researchers should generalise with caution. It further suggests that some form of standardisation may be appropriate more often than is currently considered. Both between and within-country heterogeneity should influence international advertising strategies.     

Profiting from our past: evoking nostalgia in the retail environment

A conceptual typology of nostalgia triggering product and experiential variables in the retail environment is presented. Place, promotion, price, and product triggers are identified and indexical and iconic authenticity are used to explain their potential impact. Nostalgic products are distinguished by the combination of historical or modern qualities of brand, brand identity, and product performance. Managerial implications and future research directions are provided.     

广告创意行业如何自我“毁灭”、创新升级？

普华永道的最新预测显示,2020年中国将成为全球最大电影市场。中国目前也是继美国之后的世界第二大广告市场,第一大消费市场。我们正经历一个不断聚变、创新增长的发展时期,机遇与挑战令人兴奋、激情饱满。随着5G时代的到来,用影像记录这个变革的时代,成为必然趋势,视频广告行业迎来新的发展机遇。从传统媒体时代的图文广告、户外广告,以及30秒、15秒的电视广告,到现在百花齐放的各种类型的广告形式,广告"身材"和"长相"都发生了巨大的改变。     

互联网广告“春天”还需等待多久

互联网广告的“春天”从来没有真正来临！ 2008年,随着互联网业界代表人物“马云”的“互联网冬天论”让整个互联网人人自危。没错,马云说的是“互联网冬天的来临”．而不是“互联网广告冬天的来临”,因为“互联网广告的春天”从来没有真正来临过！     

Creativity,attention and the memory for brands: an outdoor advertising field study

This study investigates whether creativity is sufficient by itself to attract attention to the ad space or whether the ad must also be conspicuous. Attention to the ad is an important driver of message processing that leads to favourable advertising effectiveness outcomes, such as improved memory for the brand. To provide insight on this, we conducted a field study of billboard advertising along an urban expressway to explore the variables that affect recognition of outdoor advertising. Using a computational neuroscience software program, we find evidence for the presence of an attention capture threshold. That is, creativity's message processing promoting strategy only improves memory when billboards cross a threshold, i.e., when the ads are at a sufficient level of conspicuity within an individual's visual field. This threshold represents a boundary condition for creativity and provides evidence that attention must first be captured in some contexts before creativity increases the memory for brands in advertising. Results also show that billboard size, visual saliency, and brand familiarity increase recognition rates.     

How advertising is covered in the Egyptian press: a longitudinal examination of content

The possibility of Egyptian attitudes towards advertising being affected by exposure to media portrayals of advertising is discussed in the context of cultivation effects. A census of all content related to advertising in Al-Ahram from 1978 through 1997 is conducted. Findings show that most columns, letters to the editor and editorials are negative in tone, and most news stories dealing with advertising are neutral. Domestic and international industry practices and social aspects of advertising are commonly covered. Outdoor and television advertising are most often criticised. The concerns expressed typically involve morality, culture and deception. Calls for increased government regulation and censorship of advertising are common. It appears that the coverage of advertising in Egypt is more negative than in the US. Future research examining links between media content and public attitudes towards advertising is suggested.     

How humor in advertising works: A meta-analytic test of alternative models

This study tests a cognitive and an affective model based on extant explanations of the effects of humor along with a new affective?Ccognitive model. Results are derived from meta-analytic data and show how previous explanations may be integrated in order to explain how humor in advertising works. Humor reduces negative cognitions related to the ad because it serves as a distraction from counter-argumentation. In order to maintain positive affect, humor reduces cognitive efforts, in particular those related to brand-related cognitions, thus supporting a vampire effect; that is, humor distracts from processing central benefits of the brand. Humor exerts its strongest impact along affective paths, supporting the dominance of affective mechanisms. Affect and cognition do interplay in line with a congruency effect where the impact of positive affect on attitudes towards the ad is mediated by positive cognitions. The models differ when they are performed based on data from studies using either real or fictitious stimuli. Depending on the type of stimuli, slight changes occur that can be explained by the lack or existence of prior brand experience. Overall, the integration of affect and cognitions into one model provides a better explanation than the previous solely cognitive or solely affective models.     

Effects of background music endings on consumer memory in advertising

Background music is widely used in advertising to attract audiences' attention. However, no research to date has considered the effect of background music endings on consumer memory for advertised products and messages. Across two experiments, the present research shows that background music that ends abruptly (i.e., truncated ending) distracts consumers' attention, reducing memory for both products and messages, compared to background music that ends with a note in the chord of the dominant tonality (i.e., regular ending) or that concludes with a fading-out ending.     

电视媒体广告费如何财尽其用？

电视能够在短时间内将广告讯息传递给大量的消费者．电视媒体的受众接触率高达到90％以上。即使多种多样的新媒体出现、可选择的媒体大幅增加，电视媒体的主导地位仍未受影响。电视仍然是非常重要的媒体，广告主在电视广告商的花费占总广告花费保持在约75％。     

Coke is It: How stories in childhood memories illuminate an icon

This paper builds on consumer storytelling theory and childhood memory research by proposing that earliest childhood memory stories are useful for developing brand myths and providing relevance to iconic brands. This article investigates consumers' childhood memories with Coca-Cola and finds that memories from early childhood are more predictive and insightful for understanding current brand attitudes than memories coming from adolescence. A focus group is unable to elicit memories from as early in life as the childhood memory session. In addition, the memories elicited by the group interviewer are not as relevant and meaningful to participants. When participants read experiences coming from the childhood memory session, those who connect with the earliest childhood memory stories have the strongest attitudes toward Coca-Cola. A discussion describes how this research method aids in generating insights about iconic brands and brands aspiring to become iconic.