大数据驱动下的新一代高速公路 智慧诱导技术

为了解决高速公路出行路径选择问题,基于图论模糊算法,提出了大数据下的智慧诱导技术。首先对高速路网在路径诱导的实时性、线路规划的精准度和算法的适用性方面进行优化;其次通过利用贪心算法和整体寻优算法,对经典路径诱导算法进行研究和比选;最后针对高速路网提出基于大数据动态规划的路径诱导技术,采用大数据、内存计算、图计算和AI结合的方式来实现大数据的动态实时路径诱导。研究结果表明,智慧诱导技术可主动为有不同诉求目标的出行者提供实时最优的方案选择,解决复杂路网下动态路径的合理诱导问题。所提出的方法可实现大数据驱动下的智慧诱导,对进一步提升公路智能化和精细化管理水平具有借鉴意义。     

Technology intelligence processes in leading European and North American multinationals

The importance of technology intelligence is widely accepted in theory and practice. However, existing research is contradictory on how this process should be coordinated. Therefore, it is the objective of this contribution to derive insight into the coordination of technology intelligence processes in leading multinational companies. The results of an exploratory case study research in 26 leading European and North American companies in the pharmaceutical, telecommunications equipment and automobile/machinery industry are presented. The results show firstly, that three forms of coordination of technology intelligence processes exist. Secondly, the basic distribution of tasks in the technology intelligence process between the three layers of coordination are presented. Thirdly, the different forms of integration of these three forms of coordination of the technology intelligence process are described. Fourthly, the communication media used in the technology intelligence process is discussed. Finally, the information sources and methods used for the technology intelligence process are shown.     

Third generation new entrants in the European mobile telecommunications industry

This paper focuses on new entrants within the European mobile telecommunications industry. More particularly, the paper identifies those new entrants that emerged from the third-generation (3G) licensing process across Europe before examining how they have fared. Four operators seeking to become new entrants across a range of countries are identified, although only one of them—Hutchison Whampoa trading as ‘3’—is considered to be fully active as a 3G new entrant. It is argued that the success of Hutchison Whampoa to date has been patchy, and that a supportive parent company has significantly contributed to its ability to remain active.     

On strategic management decision processes

This paper attempts to bridge the divide between rational/analytical and behavioural/political conceptions of strategic decision making. The linkages and interactions between these approaches to the making of strategic decisions are explored in the context of a specific decision arena—strategic energy management.     

眺望下一代半导体技术

按国际半导体工艺路线图ITRS的要求,半导体工艺技术在2004年进入90nm,似乎工艺技术的进展并没有拖工业进步的后腿。     

基于物联网技术的高校智慧实验室架构

为了解决高校在建设实验室过程中面临的设备管理非自动化程度高、传感器传输信号异构化程度高、资源管理共享程度低和智慧化程度低等问题,以满足实验教学、管理、服务的开放性、可持续性和协同化需求,运用物联网和大数据技术提出了数据共享的智慧实验室解决方案,设计了感知层、网络层、大数据层、应用层和用户层等技术架构,并对模型中各层功能结构的设计方案进行了讨论;利用ZigBee具有的容纳节点数量大,增减节点灵活等特点,设计了基于ZigBee协议的海量感知数据传输的实现方案,通过对感知节点、网关设计等技术的融入,实现了海量数据的实时采集。基于物联网技术的智慧实验室将实现信息数据海量感知化、实时控制远程化、系统运行自动化、智慧感知分析,可为智慧校园建设提供借鉴。     

Polychronicity in top management teams: The impact on strategic decision processes and performance of new technology ventures

This study focuses on polychronicity as a cultural dimension of top management teams (TMTs). TMT polychronicity is the extent to which team members mutually prefer and tend to engage in multiple tasks simultaneously or intermittently instead of one at a time and believe that this is the best way of doing things. We explore the impact of TMT polychronicity on strategic decision speed and comprehensiveness and, subsequently, its effect on new venture financial performance. Contrary to popular time‐management principles advocating task prioritization and focused sequential execution, we found that TMT polychronicity has a positive effect on firm performance in the context of dynamic unanalyzable environments. This effect is partially mediated by strategic decision speed and comprehensiveness. Our study contributes to research on strategic leadership by focusing on a novel value‐based characteristic of the TMT (polychronicity) and by untangling the decision‐making processes that relate TMT characteristics and firm performance. It also contributes to the attention‐based view of the firm by positioning polychronicity as a new type of attention structure. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Aspects of technology assessment – the future role of artificial intelligence

The author regrets that the artificial intelligence (Al) community is too inward looking. There is not enough concern with the potential impact of the new technologies of Al on the world outside. For example, it gives too little importance to the needs of the system user. Continued neglect may mean that it will fall victim to the current shake-out in the computer industry. The current tendency to restrict system development to modelling expertise rather than general intelligence is a good sign, reflected in the general adoption of the term knowledge engineering rather than Al.
The author surveys briefly some of the problems that may bar rapid development: secrecy, the gap between Academe and the industrial user and lack of standardisation. For continued progress it will be necessary to concentrate on designing simple systems, studying knowledge acquisition and orientation on the user. The author appeals for a systematic technology assessment programme to devise means of avoiding negative social impacts such as further de-skilling of the workforce, concentration of the know-how into too few hands amd fostering the false idea that Al will eliminate the need for human judgment in decision-making.     

Linking big data analytical intelligence to customer relationship management performance

This study investigates the driving forces of a firm's assimilation of big data analytical intelligence (BDAI) and how the assimilation of BDAI improve customer relationship management (CRM) performance. Drawing on the resource-based view, this study argues that a firm's data-driven culture and the competitive pressure it faces in the industry motivate a firm's assimilation of BDAI. As a firm resource, BDAI enables an organization to develop superior mass-customization capability, which in turn positively influences its CRM performance. In addition, this study proposes that a firm's marketing capability can moderate the impact of BDAI assimilation on its mass-customization capability. Using survey data collected from 147 business-to-business companies, this study finds support for most of the hypotheses. The findings of this study uncover compelling insights about the dynamics involved in the process of using BDAI to improve CRM performance.     

基于DRAGAN的通信信号波形生成技术

为了解决非合作通信情况下,具有特定帧结构的复杂信号难以重构问题,设计了一种利用深度无悔分析生成对抗网络(deep regret analytic generative adversarial networks,DRAGAN)重构信号的方法.首先利用无悔算法(no-regret algorithms)对判别器损失函数进行...     

Training technology through interaction management

A discussion of specialized computer training to enable employees achieve a higher degree of learner proficiency that will lead to the absence of process errors.     

信息技术(|T)与项目管理

工程项目的国际化与大型化对工程项目管理提出了高的要求,项目管理与信息技术的结合已是不可阻挡的趋势。文章分析了信息技术与项目管理结合的诸多原因,论述了项目管理中信息技术的发展及信息技术在项目管理中实现的问题。     

分布式电源谐波机理与抑制技术综述

分布式电源作为一种环境适应性强的清洁能源,具有就近利用率高、供电灵活等特点,但因其传播特征复杂,分散性强,使电网面临着新的谐波问题.首先,概述了分布式电源谐波的危害及其产生原因,指出电力电子装置是造成分布式电源谐波的重要因素之一;其次,对光伏发电系统、风力发电系统、微型燃气轮机系统和燃料电池系统4类电源产生的谐波机理进...     

Problem-solving processes in technology education: A pilot study

This paper reports the preliminary results of a pilot study investigating the nature of problem-solving activity in technology classrooms. The research focuses on the relationship and potential mismatch between teachers' and children's agendas, aims, perceptions and beliefs concerning design and technology activities. A case study of an 11-week project was undertaken with four pupils aged 13. In-depth classroom observation and interviews allowed us to investigate the problem solving used in designing and making a kite, and the pupils' application of the knowledge required. Our analysis charts the influence of the teacher's task structuring and interventions on the children's problem-solving behaviour. The results indicate that the design process is highly complex and not always communicated successfully by teachers. What children typically encounter in design and technology projects are different problems requiring different approaches according to the kind of task and the stage reached in its solution. The popular idea that problem solving in technology denotes a holistic design-and-make process is hence under challenge. Moreover, the assumed access and application of relevant bodies of knowledge from other contexts is highly problematic.     

Strategic decision-making processes: the role of management and context

This paper investigates the relationship between the process of strategic decision-making and management and contextual factors. First, drawing on a sample of strategic decisions, it analyzes the process through which they are taken, into seven dimensions: comprehensiveness/rationality, financial reporting, rule formalization, hierarchical decentralization, lateral communication, politicization, problem-solving dissension. Second, these process dimensions are related to (1) decision-specific characteristics, both perceived characteristics and objective typologies of strategic decisions, (2) top management characteristics, and (3) contextual factors referring to external corporate environment and internal firm characteristics. Overall, the results support the view that strategic decision processes are shaped by a multiplicity of factors, in all these categories. But the most striking finding is that decision-specific characteristics appear to have the most important influence on the strategic decision-making process, as decisions with different decision-specific characteristics are handled through different processes. The evident dominance of decision-specific characteristics over management and contextual factors enriches the traditional ‘external control’ vs. ‘strategic choice’ debate in the area of strategic management. An interpretation of results is attempted and policy implications are derived. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The integrative domain of foresight and competitive intelligence and its impact on R&D management

R&D takes years to come to fruition, thus choosing R&D programs should be set in the context of the environment that will exist at the time that research is completed. Foresight and competitive intelligence are two fields that seek to address future oriented environmental scanning. The paper looks at what the domains of foresight and competitive intelligence entail and in particular how competitive technical intelligence can work to integrate and enable competitive agility in foresight positioning. Focus is put on reviewing literature that addresses how foresight impacts R&D project selection. A review is made on foresight programs from around the world based on a recently completed study on Canada's foresight capacity. The authors conclude that agile organizations need to be adaptive and well prepared for tomorrow's challenges and so by integrating competitive technical intelligence, (typically oriented to business needs) with strategic technology foresight, (typically designed to address government priorities for technology investments and innovation policy issues), enterprises will be best positioned to address uncertainties in the technology cycle.     

Combining methods in the technology intelligence process: application in an aerospace manufacturing firm

Technological change is a major factor in gaining competitive advantage in manufacturing industries. Promoting innovation, exploiting technological opportunities and avoiding threats are increasingly important. Firms need to recognise both current and potential future technological advances that can affect their products, services and processes. This paper presents a Technology Intelligence (TI) methodology and toolset, the main purpose of which is to enable companies to monitor and assess technological developments associated with their products, components, processes and other areas of concern. These technology management activities will assist the company in evaluating its environment while taking advantage of technological changes that represent opportunities or threats. The methodology is described in detail and demonstrated using a case study conducted in an aerospace manufacturing firm in the United Kingdom.     

The development and diffusion of customer relationship management (CRM) intelligence in business-to-business environments

CRM data is among the most important and comprehensive information available to management in many organizations. This is particularly the case in business-to-business marketing, where the firm's extended working relationship with its customers is frequently crucial for the maintenance of a healthy business. However, in many instances management has treated CRM data as highly specific to its client relationships and has therefore neglected to analyze this information across market segments, customer categories, and customer–firm relationship forms in order to draw meaningful conclusions for driving business decisions.