Intergenerational Mobility and Interracial Inequality: The Return to Family Values

This paper investigates two questions. First, what is the relative importance of the components of childhood family environment—parental values versus parental class status—for young adult economic outcomes? Second, are interracial differences in labor market outcomes fully explained by differences in family environment? We find that both family values and family class status affect intergenerational mobility and inter‐racial inequality. Consideration of racial differences in parental values and class status alters but does not eliminate the impact of race on the labor market outcomes of young adults.     

Trends in the Intergenerational Elasticity of Family Income in the United States

This paper asks whether the degree to which our incomes resemble our parents’ incomes has changed over time. After comparing various methods of correcting for differences in the ages at which successive birth cohorts are observed, and correcting for sample attrition, I find no evidence of a linear trend in the intergenerational elasticity of family income for those born into the Panel Study of Income Dynamics between 1952 and 1975 and observed as adults between 1977 and 2000.     

缩小收入差距是巩固经济运行的重要一环

为了保障经济机制运行良好,使改革开放的成果惠及全体人民,缩小收入差距已经是迫在眉睫、亟待解决的问题。     

非工资性收入分配：国有部门收入调控的新视角

本文基于"中国居民健康和营养调查"(CHNS)数据,研究所有制性质与非工资性收入分配问题。通过对中国非工资性收入结构和差异格局的长时段考察、研究发现,在津贴、补贴和医疗保险等非工资性收入方面,国有部门都明显高于其他部门,非工资性收入差异造成了我国不同所有制部门间收入差距的扩大,非工资性收入的不平等程度高于工资收入,而且呈不断上升的趋势。进一步利用Panel Data模型及Logit模型分析非工资性收入差异扩大的原因,研究表明,受教育程度、年龄和职业等因素对非工资性收入的影响程度较低,引起非工资性收入差异扩大的主要原因是所有制性质因素。因而,防止非工资性收入差异扩大,规范国有部门非工资性收入应成为当前收入分配制度改革的重点。     

关于强化我国个人所得税收入分配功能的探析

通过对我国现行个人所得税收入分配功能的分析和定位可看出,我国目前贫富差距惊人,城乡收入差距悬殊．从基尼系数分析显示,我国已经步入了国际警戒线,造成这种情况的原因是我国个人所得税不能充分执行其调节收入分配的功能。通过对税收制度方面和税收征收管理方面缺失的研究,显示我国个人所得税收入调节功能存在着严重的缺陷,影响其功能发挥的原因有个人所得税没有体现税负公平的基本原则、个人收入所占的比重较低、调控客体不完全到位等。针对这些影响因素,文章提出了强化我国个人所得税收入分配功能的改革思路．主要是对个人所得税制课税模式、功能定位、税收扣除方式等方面的调整。     

Differences in consumer loyalty and willingness to pay for service attributes across digital channels: A study of the Japanese digital content market

In this paper, the impact that the Internet access device has on consumer loyalty behaviors relative to Internet content was explored. To do so, a mixed logit demand function for mobile and PC subscribers to digital content was estimated and consumers’ willingness to pay for attributes related to specific content providers and their levels of service quality were measured. It was found that significant differences in loyalty and willingness to pay for service quality factors existed between mobile and PC Internet content subscribers, suggesting that while content may be developed as device independent, consumers interact differently with similar Internet content accessed through different devices. Specifically, the willingness to pay for more robust and more frequently updated content was on average higher in the mobile segment than in the PC segment. In addition, the overall switching costs consumers attributed to specific content providers via the mobile channel were far higher than through the PC channel. These results suggest that more robust content management systems must be developed to accommodate for such differences in consumer behavior.     

Gender Differences in Sorting

In this paper, we investigate gender differences in workers’ career development within and outside the firm to explain the existence of gender wage gaps. Using Danish employer–employee matched data, we find that good female workers are more likely to move to better firms than men but are less likely to be promoted. Furthermore, these differences in career advancement widen after the first child is born. Our findings suggest that career impediments in certain firms cause the most productive female workers to seek better jobs in firms in which there is less gender bias.     

对目前个人收入差距状况的观察与思考

据测算 ,我国目前亿万富翁已超过 10 0 0人 ,百万富翁约 30 0万人。与此同时 ,我国还有几千万农村人口 ,年均收入不到 30 0元 ;约 2 0 0 0万城市人口 ,月收入不到 2 0 0元。统计资料显示 ,我国最贫穷的 2 0 %的家庭 ,仅占社会全部家庭收入的4 2 7% ;最富有的 2 0 %家庭却占有全部收入的5 0 2 4 %。这方面的差距超过了居西方国家贫富差距之首的美国。一、如何理性看待目前收入差距的现状理性看待目前收入差距现状的实质是消除偏见 ,正视高收入群体的存在 ,在法制的社会经济环境里容忍和效仿 ,共同促进社会的发展进步。理性看待的前提 ,需解…     

Gender Differences in Promotions and Wages

Results using an original data set indicate women receive more promotions than men. The frequency of promotions is linked to whether the woman had previously quit a job because of her husband's job move. Promotions significantly increase wages for men but not for women. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that joint job search constrains women to starting jobs at lower levels, providing more scope for promotions.     

Mobility and its alternatives in a national R & D system

Abstract . A framework is presented for understanding the relationship between the mobility of researchers and the effectiveness of an R & D system. Alternative structural factors that can provide similar results are described. Data taken from a study of Israel illustrate the extent to which mobility and its alternatives are found in this country, which has a particularly effective national R & D system.     

A Principal Component Logistic Analysis of the Mobility Decision in Transitional Neighborhoods

This study represents an extension of the literature that examines the factors affecting a household's decision to make an intrametropoli-tan move by emphasizing the importance of neighborhood characteristics in addition to the traditional life-cycle variables on the decision to move. Because of the dichotomous nature of the dependent variable and the collinearity among the independent variables, we employ both principal component and logit analysis. The primary data base is drawn from a sample of households moving into and out of two areas in St. Louis.
The results indicate that many of the traditional life-cycle variables are significant, although some behave differently than in the usual case because of the transitional nature of the neighborhoods we examine. The results also suggest that a household's perceptions regarding the quality of the neighborhood are also important determinants of mobility. Finally, when the maximum likelihood logit analysis results are compared with the principal component logit results, we find that the principal component logit technique performs better in almost all instances.     

2020年工业收入及效益情况分析

对近两年规模以上工业企业营业收入、利润总额、营业利润率、产成品库存、亏损面等指标进行了对比分析,并着重分析了规上企业利润总额增长的结构及变化,指出利润总额的增长离不开国家各项政策的支持。在此基础上,明确了中国工业经济经受住了新冠肺炎疫情的冲击,各项指标呈逐月向好态势,支撑了整个中国经济的复苏与发展。     

煤炭企业煤款拖欠透析及应对

一、煤款拖欠的危害煤炭生产销售是煤炭企业的主营业务 ,煤款是煤炭企业的主要收入 ,煤款回收好坏与煤炭企业的运行质量成高度正相关。近几年来 ,愈演愈烈的煤款拖欠导致煤炭企业资金周转极度紧张 ,资本流动不畅 ,严重地削弱了煤炭企业的运营能力、偿债能力、盈利能力和企业改制工作 ,给国家利益、煤炭企业的生产经营和职工生活带来了极大的危害。主要表现在 :1 煤款拖欠损害了国家利益。部分煤炭企业由于煤款拖欠而无力按时向国家交纳税费 ,造成税费拖欠 ,影响国家财政收入。同时 ,由于煤款拖欠 ,煤炭企业无力偿还到期的国家银行贷款 ,部分…     

Gender and Race Differences in Company Training

Using recent data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, it is found that among young workers from 1986 to 1991, there were no gender or race differentials in the likelihood of receiving training, in participation in multiple training events, or in hours of training received. White women, however, were more likely to receive more training per hour worked than white men. This gender differential appears to occur because white women are more likely to work fewer hours and to be employed in entry-level positions that are associated with greater training intensity.