组织资本及其测量问题探讨

企业的组织资本作为一种无形资源日益受到关注。本文对组织资本理论的产生及其概念界定、组织资本的构成和测量作了一些简要说明。     

组织资本及其信息披露困境探讨

通过对企业组织资本内涵的界定,指出组织资本在企业培育和保持核心竞争力方面发挥着重要作用,进而揭示出组织资本信息披露对企业利益相关者的重要性。分析了目前组织资本信息披露的困境,并从信息披露客体、信息披露主体、信息披露方法及信息披露受体四个角度分析组织资本信息披露困境的成因,在此基础上,提出促进企业组织资本信息披露的建议。     

心理资本研究进展

当今社会,越来越多的管理者认识到员工的心理资本是组织获取竞争优势的一个重要来源。首先,文章回顾了有关心理资本的界定和构成等方面的研究;随后,总结了心理资本测量一些方法;最后,分析并指出了心理资本研究的不足。     

心理资本研究进展

当今社会,越来越多的管理者认识到员工的心理资本是组织获取竞争优势的一个重要来源.首先,文章回顾了有关心理资本的界定和构成等方面的研究.随后,总结了心理资本测量一些方法;最后,分析并指出了心理资本研究的不足.     

组织资本本质及其所有权归属解析

鉴于目前对组织资本界定的混乱和组织资本的重要性,本文对组织资本的本质作了分析。在追溯分析组织资本研究起点后认为,组织资本本身不能实现增殖,并不具有自我增殖性,与其他资产一样,只是资本的转化物或转化物的增殖物,其实质是资产。组织资本可以归属与无形资产和商誉两类资产,同时又有许多具体形式。组织资本作为资产,应为货币资本的投入者和人力资本的投入者按一定的比例分享。     

组织资本本质及其所有权归属解析

鉴于目前对组织资本界定的混乱和组织资本的重要性,本文对组织资本的本质作了分析。在追溯分析组织资本研究起点后认为,组织资本本身不能实现增殖,并不具有自我增殖性,与其他资产一样,只是资本的转化物或转化物的增殖物,其实质是资产。组织资本可以归属与无形资产和商誉两类资产,同时又有许多具体形式。组织资本作为资产,应为货币资本的投入者和人力资本的投入者按一定的比例分享。     

组织资本研究述评

组织资本作为企业的重要组成部分，自其被学者研究以来，一直未得到国内学术界的足够重视。文章从组织资本的定义、与其他资本的区分、影响因素以及组织产出四个方面，对组织资本进行综述，并提出进一步研究的建议。     

企业组织资本的惰性倾向及其克服

组织资本能够促进并强化企业的核心竞争力,同时也会形成惰性,阻碍企业创新,因此有必要对组织资本的惰性及其克服进行研究。文章介绍了组织资本的概念形成及其内涵,从认知及学习角度分析了组织资本对核心竞争力的影响,分别从惯例、结构及文化三个方面阐述组织资本惰性的来源,并探讨其克服途径。     

组织社会资本、组织战略与绩效

文章分析了组织战略与组织社会资本匹配的问题,提出只有当两者的类型相互匹配时,组织才能取得好的绩效。     

Organization of innovation and capital markets

This paper develops a theory of the firm scope where not only research but also ordinary production employees can generate inventions. Separating research from production (“specialization”) solves the two-tier agency problem of inducing simultaneously research effort and managerial truthful-reporting but is costly when capital markets are imperfect. Improvements in capital markets, therefore, promote specialization, allowing a greater number of specialized firms to be established and also enabling them to undertake innovative projects with larger potential outcomes. Moreover, this capital market improvement effect is stronger for innovative activities that are less capital-intensive and that have weaker synergies with existing production activities. The model can help us understand the explosion of small company innovation in the U.S. since late 1970s and the contribution of venture capital to this change.     

The measurement of human capital: a multivariate macro-approach

We examine the human capital status of 123 countries by employing factor analysis on various national human capital indicators for the period 2000–2008 to construct two new measures. The first measure is based on advanced human capital, while the second is based on basic human capital. Our measures differ substantially from indicators used in previous studies on human capital and also lead to different rankings of countries. As rankings are not that informative without further information, we analyzed the distance between each country and the sample mean. Differences between countries are much more pronounced for our measure on advanced human capital than for our measure on basic human capital. Using cluster analysis, we classified the countries in four homogenous groups.     

The measurement and management of intellectual capital in the public sector

This article compares and contrasts the stage of development reached by the public and private sectors with regard to intellectual capital. Whereas the private sector in many parts of the developed world has still not fully embraced the importance of measuring intangible assets, the public sector, with its different objectives, has always had to focus on non-financial results. This has become more critical in recent years due to successive government initiatives that have required the use of a number of prescribed performance indicators. Having briefly outlined the history of both intellectual capital and the culture of performance measurement this article analyses the results of a survey of public sector organizations in Northern Ireland to assess how they are dealing with both the measurement and management of intellectual capital assets.     

Quantitative evaluation of contingent capital and its applications

A new type of bank regulatory capital, known as contingent capital, has emerged in tandem with discussions on the BASEL III regulatory framework but there is a lack of consensus on a standard valuation approach among those proposed so far. We think that the practical solution is to be able to price these instruments seamlessly and consistently with other existing derivatives. We propose a novel and practical ⿿convertible bond approach⿿ which is theoretically consistent with existing frameworks such as Black⿿Scholes and is conceptually and technically similar to the pricing models already being used in practice for convertible bonds and hybrid securities. Such a model is reasonable as all of these asset classes are hybrid equity-credit instruments and share many characteristics. Also, contingent capital through its unique mechanisms such as principal loss absorption, presents interesting risk scenarios which may not be readily apparent or may appear counterintuitive. Contingent capital may thus, at first sight, appear to carry obscure risks but, we show that by taking a careful quantitative approach, we can understand the characteristics of such instruments in a concise manner. Further, for discussing the pricing in terms of characteristics of the issuer, one in turn, needs a concise framework to describe those characteristics in terms of Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio risk. Our framework describes CET1 ratio risk via three intuitive issuer parameters: target, volatility, and resilience. In spite of the exotic risks, an investment decision in contingent capital can be justified if a sufficient return is expected in compensation. In this paper, we present a valuation method based on hurdle Sharpe ratios that has direct implications for investment decision making in the context of expansion of investor's efficient frontier. We also demonstrate the usefulness of our framework as a daily pricing tool for market participants using empirical market data.We appreciate helpful comments from an anonymous referee and the editors of North American Journal of Economics and Finance. The view expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect views and policies of Nomura Securities.     

北京市民营资本及投资环境

描述了北京市民营资本的发展特点,区域和行业分布状况,对北京市经济的贡献份额.分析了民营资本得以发展的投资环境.     

Assessing the importance of measurement error in capital investment models

New developments in the economics of capital investment emphasize the role of financial variables. Econometric evidence on these hypotheses is potentially compromised by measurement error due to accounting conventions. The paper reviews new capital investment models and considers ways in which accounting procedures might lead to measurement error biases. Advances in errors-in-variables econometric models are employed to gauge the impact of measurement error on estimates of financial influences on capital investment. Cash-flow models appear to be especially susceptible to measurement error but q models seem fairly insensitive to measurement problems.     

小型组织的体系特点及其适宜性审核

随着体系认证的深入发展。许多大中型组织不仅已经认证完毕，而且，对为其配套服务的小型组织，也提出了体系认证的要求，有的甚至提出，没有认证的配套组织不能进入合格供方名单。这样的市场推动。使越来越多的小型组织开始认证。例如大型船厂对供方的的认证要求，使为船舶配套的小型组织开展认证特别多，他们的组织规模很小，少则几人、十几人，多则二十几人，在建立和实施质量体系时，往往针对自身的特点和船厂的需求，创造了一些自身的模式和特点，很有成效。     

组织吸引力理论及其在人力资源管理中的应用

本文在国内外现有关于最佳工作场所、雇主品牌等研究的基础上提出了组织吸引力的概念:组织(企业、工作场所)所具有的,吸引外部人才,保持并激励内部人才的综合能力,包括组织吸引力预期和组织吸引力感知两部分。组织吸引力的本质是企业满足员工各种需求的现实能力、可能性估计和期望的实现程度。文章进一步阐述了组织吸引力评价的相对性、动态性等特征,以及其影响员工行为的过程。通过对相关研究成果的综合,文章归纳出了组织吸引力七个层面的内容要素,阐述了组织吸引力理论在人力资源管理中的几个重要应用。     

古都形制及其规划思想流变

本文以秦统一以后 ,黄河流域的主要都城为线索 ,分析了古代都城形制中蕴涵的规划思想 ,以及伴随政治、经济、文化需求的演变而导致的规划思想的演进