The role of local estate agents in the residential development process

Summary

The estate agent is usually seen and theorized as a gatekeeper responsible for directing certain people to certain parts of the city (Williams, 1976). However, estate agents are capable of performing many more functions other than simple house agency. This paper presents results from a series of structured interviews with housebuilders and estate agents carried out in Hertfordshire by a recent research project (Elson, 1982) which reveals the extent to which certain estate agents are involved with organizing land purchases for builders and negotiating development proposals through the planning system.     

植物体内非糖类甜味剂的开发与利用

叙述了植物体内非糖类甜味剂的开发利用现状，旨在探讨植物体内非糖类天然甜味剂开发利用的方向和途径。     

中国大菱鲆产业发展历程及对策研究

自20世纪90年代大菱鲆苗种引入我国以来,其工厂化养殖发展迅速,使我国北方走出了传统池塘粗养的困境,形成了一个规模化的大产业,产生了巨大的经济和社会效益。然而,大菱鲆产业的发展并非一帆风顺,特别是经历了2006年的“大菱鲆事件”之后。新形势下,如何汲取经验教训,转变大菱鲆产业发展方式,推动大菱鲆产业持续、健康发展成为摆在渔业经济学者面前的重要课题。有鉴于此,本文分析了我国大菱鲆产业的形成动因,并借助产业链概念模型,探讨了我国大菱鲆产业的发展历程,提出了指导未来大菱鲆产业发展的对策建议。     

标准化在促进渔业发展中的作用及其实践

渔业标准化是以渔业为对象的标准化活动。它运用"统一、简化、协调、选优"原则,通过制定和实施标准,把渔业产前、产中、产后各个环节纳入标准生产和标准管理的轨道。本文概述了渔业标准化的概念、基础、现状和存在的主要问题,并结合实际,从标准化在提高渔业的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益方面起的作用及其实践做了简要的概述。     

Forecasting real estate prices in Germany: the role of consumer confidence

The aim of the paper is to analyse the forecasting ability of various potential predictors for real estate prices in Germany over the short term. In the wake of the financial crisis, real estate prices in Germany started to increase markedly and still did so by the end of 2013. Despite a number of fundamental reasons, e.g. favourable lending conditions and Germany’s rapid return to economic growth, this provoked a discussion on whether consumers have too gloomy expectations regarding real estate prices in future. To capture the role of expectations for predicting real estate prices, in our forecast evaluation, we put special emphasis on various components of consumer confidence. Using single indicator models, we find that households’ perceived financial situations as well as their intended consumption/saving plans serve as valuable real estate price predictors.     

海平面变化对广东海岸发育的影响及对策

分析了广东沿岸海平面化的变化，探讨了广东山地海湾、沙坝泻湖、溺谷湾，三角洲平原和生物型５种主要海岸类型发育所受到的不同影响及未来发展趋势，提出了在沿海经济建设中应注意港口与滨海城市建设、滩涂开垦、防风暴潮工程建设、海岸侵蚀区的防护、旅游开发、引水工程建设和寻沙找矿方面的问题。     

The role of landscape amenities in regional development: Evidence from Swiss municipality data

Several recent regional and migration studies have identified landscape amenities as potentially important drivers of migration and local economic change in the United States. To date, these empirical approaches have rarely been applied to European data in spite of an impressive European cultural landscape heritage. Here, we apply a regional adjustment model to data from 2467 municipalities in Switzerland to examine how landscape amenities and related policies affected regional development along with fiscal, demographic and infrastructure variables in the period from 1995 to 2005. In the population equation, the coefficients of the standard variables show a consistent pattern that parallels the findings of earlier work. Moreover, we find that population was positively affected by closeness to major lakes and by abundance of open space. However evidence on positive effects of traditional landscape elements such as extensive orchards and vineyards is limited. Furthermore, municipalities with national heritage townscapes grew less than those without, while the density of hiking trails had no significant effect. In the employment equation, employment was consistently affected by demographic factors and accessibility but not by the landscape amenity variables, except that employment grew less in municipalities that are part of an inventory of nationally significant landscapes. The lack of measurable local benefits from nationally significant landscapes and townscapes suggests that policies to preserve these amenities should be implemented and financed by the national government.     

浙江渔业发展与可持续发展研究

浙江是我国重点渔业省份,其发展海洋渔业经济具有得天独厚的经济区位优势,浙江渔业在全国具有举足轻重的地位。论文在回顾浙江渔业发展的历史进程并总结浙江渔业发展取得的成绩与经验基础上,探讨了浙江渔业发展规律,提出浙江渔业可持续发展的战略选择。     

Urbanization strategies, rural development and land use changes in China: A multiple-level integrated assessment

This paper links urbanization strategies to changes in land use and associated impacts on rural communities and agro-ecosystems in a rural area of China. Energy, monetary and human time variables as well as information on environmental pressures, have been combined to compare different typologies of households and the metabolism of different patterns of land use from an integrated perspective. The results show that urbanization strategies, aimed at shifting the current land use and at displacing the local population, while increasing the economic efficiency is also associated with an increase in fossil energy consumption and environmental pressure, as well as a reduction of the multifunctional characteristic of the area under investigation. Based on these findings the paper also offers a critical discussion of the Chinese rural development policy arguing that the multifunctionality of rural areas should be taken into account by Chinese policy-makers and planners as a viable strategy to achieve rural development targets.     

大连市房地产开发资金来源与价格波动关系研究

基于大连市当前快速上涨的房价问题,根据大连市2004-2012年房地产开发资金来源与房地产价格数据,在利用ADF法对各个时间序列数据进行检验的基础上,运用Granger因果关系检验模型对大连市房地产开发资金来源变动与房价变动之间的因果关系进行分析,并运用灰色关联度方法对与房价有显著Granger因果关系的资金来源之间的关联度进行实证研究。研究结果显示:利用外资与房价的变化并没有直接的因果关系,大连市房地产是以其他资金来源为主,国内贷款和自筹资金对总的资金开发来源的影响处于同一水平。     

Impact of comprehensive development zoning on real estate development in Hong Kong

This article presents empirical tests to examine if the comprehensive development area (CDA) where the town planning is more comprehensive has relatively higher economic values than the area outside CDA. The three hypothesis are: (i) CDAs have less environmental complaints than areas outside CDA; (ii) property sales price variances in CDAs are smaller than those in areas outside CDAs; and (iii) property sales prices in CDAs are higher than those in areas outside CDAs. These findings have important implications on efforts to consider planning policy in land use decisions.     

山东省西部开发战略问题

从山东西部地区范围和与发展条件出发,概述了该地区的经济发展现状,分析了该地区社会经济发展成就以及开发中存在的问题,提出了开发中应实施的可持续发展战略和经济结构战略性调整措施。     

环境伦理学与旅游可持续发展

环境伦理学是研究人与自然关系的伦理学。可持续发展环境伦理观是对传统环境伦理观的整合和超越,是研究可持续发展和环境伦理学过程中形成的一种新型的环境伦理理论,它主张人与自然的和谐统一。旅游可持续发展思想体现了公平性、持续性和共同性的环境伦理内涵。环境伦理学在旅游可持续发展中也有着十分重要的功能:教育与约束旅游者、合理开发与保护旅游资源、规范与革新旅游业。     

海岛经济可持续发展模式探究——以浙江省六横岛经济建设为例

随着《海岛保护法》的颁布实施、第一批开发利用无居民海岛名录的发布,全国掀起了海岛开发热潮,越来越多的人关注海岛、探秘海岛,争当“岛主”。但是海岛开发是一项系统工程,除“天时、地利、人和”外,还需科学的发展思路和全方位的基础保障,唯有此,才能实现开发与保护并举。文章通过六横岛建设的成功经验与存在问题两方面进行分析,对我国海岛开发提出对策建议,以其在我国海岛开发的新一轮热潮中为各沿海地方海岛开发政策、规划制定提供一些启示,以促进海岛合理开发,实现海岛经济的又好又快发展。     

佳木斯市城市水资源的开发利用

分析了佳木斯城区水资源赋存特点及开发利用状况;指出了水资源开发利用中存在的问题;提出了水资源开发建议和对策措施。     

小城镇主导产业发展战略研究

发展小城镇,是我国农村城市化的现实选择;分析了我国小城镇主导产业的发展现状和存在的问题,提出了小城镇主导产业发展的战略选择。     

主体功能区视角下山东半岛蓝色经济区发展机制探析

主体功能区规划的理念、方法和发展机制对山东半岛蓝色经济区的发展提供了思路借鉴。《全国主体功能区规划》和《山东半岛蓝色经济区发展规划》之间在地域边界、功能属性等五个方面存在紧密关联。基于此,论文从主体功能区的视角,对山东半岛蓝色经济区的发展机制问题进行了探析,提出了在山东半岛蓝色经济区的发展过程中要实现与主体功能区战略的理念对接、体制机制对接及绩效考核、业绩评价体系对接,以促进山东半岛蓝色经济区战略可续发展和率先发展。     

The office development cycle in London

Summary

The paper examines the main features of the office market and the office development process in London, which is not only the largest office centre in the UK, but also in Europe as a whole. The discussion starts with the main factors which have contributed to the growth of London as a national and international office centre, concentrating in particular upon the main sources of demand for new office building. The cyclical nature of post‐war office development in London is described, illustrated by an examination of the relative trends in investment and development returns from new offices. The impact of the supply cycle upon the organization and funding of development, and upon its scale and location are then discussed, followed by a brief review of the impact of planning policy upon the office market. Finally, there is a review of the current situation at the end of the third post‐war cycle, and an assessment of the likely impact of new office technologies upon the demand for office space in the next development cycle during the late 1980s.     

This land is your land,maybe: A historical institutionalist analysis for contextualizing split estate conflicts in U.S. unconventional oil and gas development

In the 21st century, the U.S. has experienced a boom in unconventional oil and gas development (UOGD). In part due to advances in technology, this rapid increase in UOGD has moved extraction practices into geographic areas that have previously seen little or no oil and gas development. As a result, conflicts over property rights have erupted—particularly in relation to split estate situations. To understand this controversy, we must situate it in the conditions which have shaped land use and mineral rights. We argue that past federal and state level governance decisions have created the conditions for UOGD conflicts today. Here, we utilize historical institutionalism (HI) to review the historical actors, processes, and institutions that have shaped how mineral rights have developed in the context of split estates in the U.S. We suggest that tracing this legislative and judicial history through HI is an essential foundation for exploring issues related to UOGD. Most importantly, we highlight these processes of governance as a bedrock for understanding spatial inequality inherent in current split estate law that grants the mineral estate dominance over the surface estate. We suggest that this codification of spatial inequality is problematic both in and beyond the context of split estates in UOGD.