我国商业银行贷款定价的最优化模型设计

随着我国加入WTO,国内金融市场逐步与国际金融市场接轨,国家也逐渐放开对企业贷款利率上限的管制,商业银行可以根据信贷市场需求确定合理的贷款价格,使贷款利率能充分补偿银行所承担的信用风险以确保安全性和赢利性。本文首先阐述目前商业银行贷款定价方法中存在的问题,指出由于我国信贷市场中普遍存在信息不对称这一情况,已经严重影响了商业银行的经营和决策水平;再结合委托-代理框架,套用最优控制理论,给出一个信息不对称时的合理的贷款定价模型;最后针对如何有效提高我国商业银行运作和管理水平给出一些操作性建议。     

商业银行贷款定价策略和模型设计

建立完善贷款定价体系对商业银行适应利率市场化、增强抵御利率风险具有重大意义。本文从贷款定价理论及其对商业银行重要意义入手，分析我国商业银行贷款定价的现状和难点。作者参照西方发达国家商业银行贷款定价模式。提出了我国商业银行建立完善贷款定价体系的策略和测算模型。即要综合考虑客户的信用风险、综舍收益、筹资成本和营运成本以及货币信贷市场变化等因素，从而建立以成本精算、风险量化为基础的价格领导定价测算模型，最后依据客户综合贡献度、计结息周期和利率浮动周期进行修正，最终建立起以市场为导向，以弥补成本为前提。以客户盈利能力为参数的贷款定价机制。     

论国外贷款定价模式及其对我国商业银行的启示

本文通过对比国外典型定价模型的优缺点,分析我国贷款定价现状和存在的问题,然后设计利率市场化进程中的贷款定价改革策略,旨在为我国商业银行提升信贷市场竞争力提供参考意见.     

商业银行贷款定价策略分析

随着我国利率市场化逐渐深入,商业银行应该采取怎么样的贷款定价策略,合理确定贷款价格,在保持一定的盈利水平和经济增加值的基础上,同时又最大限度地满足客户需要,已成为商业银行信贷决策中面临的重要课题。在当前我国复杂多变的经济环境中,结合我国商业银行实际经营需要,提出基于经济资本及EVA考虑的贷款定价策略,能够充分满足各种风险要求,实现风险与收益的有机统一,提高商业银行信贷业务竞争力。     

对利率市场化条件下我国商业银行贷款定价机制的探讨

实行利率市场化后,商业银行面临更多的利率风险和信用风险,因此,要求商业银行根据自身的实际情况选择合理的贷款定价策略。目前,商业银行贷款定价操作实践尚处于起步阶段,仍存在不少问题。本文从营造商业银行贷款定价机制有效运行的微观基础和外部条件等角度提出了若干建议,并给出了当前我国商业银行贷款定价的适用模式。     

基于最优控制理论的银行贷款动态定价研究

商业银行贷款定价问题得到了广泛的研究,但不足之处是只考虑了商业银行的短期最优定价行为。本文针对信贷市场的动态性和商业银行的长期最优贷款定价行为,应用最优控制理论对商业银行的长期最优贷款定价问题进行了研究。通过将银行贷款定价的长期最优化决策描述成一个标准的最优控制问题,并采用Matlab11.0对上述最优控制问题进行求解和数值模拟。研究结果表明,在利率市场化条件下,信贷市场不仅会存在＂道德风险＂和＂逆向选择＂,而且银行之间的贷款定价不存在纳什均衡。     

基于最优控制理论的银行贷款动态定价研究

商业银行贷款定价问题得到了广泛的研究,其不足之处是只考虑了商业银行的短期最优定价行为。本文针对信贷市场的动态性和商业银行的长期最优贷款定价行为,应用最优控制理论对商业银行的长期最优贷款定价问题进行了研究。通过将银行贷款定价的长期最优化决策描述成一个标准的最优控制问题,并采用Matlab11.0对上述最优控制问题进行求解和数值模拟。研究结果表明,在利率市场化条件下,信贷市场不仅会存在"道德风险"和"逆向选择",而且银行之间的贷款定价不存在纳什均衡。     

利率市场化下国内商业银行贷款定价问题研究

随着我国利率市场化改革步伐的加快，国内商业银行面临贷款定价问题。在经营过程中，要达到贷款风险收益的最优组合，需要对贷款进行合理定价。本文对西方主要贷款定价理论进行了比较分析，并针对我国商业银行贷款定价现状，提出适合我国商业银行的贷款定价方法(客户风险收益法)和配套管理战略。     

商业银行贷款定价策略和模型设计

建立完善贷款定价体系对商业银行适应利率市场化、增强抵御利率风险具有重大意义。本文从贷款定价理论及其对商业银行重要意义入手,分析我国商业银行贷款定价的现状和难点。作者参照西方发达国家商业银行贷款定价模式,提出了我国商业银行建立完善贷款定价体系的策略和测算模型,即要综合考虑客户的信用风险、综合收益、筹资成本和营运成本以及货币信贷市场变化等因素,从而建立以成本精算、风险量化为基础的价格领导定价测算模型,最后依据客户综合贡献度、计结息周期和利率浮动周期进行修正,最终建立起以市场为导向,以弥补成本为前提,以客户盈利能力为参数的贷款定价机制。     

下限加点:商业银行贷款利率的定价模型

信贷工具的科学定价,是商业银行市场化经营中的重要问题。本文通过讨论贷款利率定价的空间,明确贷款利率定价的差异界定,由此选择定价因素和参数,进而提出下限加点的商业银行贷款利率定价模型。     

Distribution of occupation times for constant elasticity of variance diffusion and the pricing of α-quantile options

The main results of this paper are the derivation of the distribution functions of occupation times under the constant elasticity of variance process. The distribution functions can then be used to price α-quantile options. We also derive the fixed-floating symmetry relation for α-quantile options when the underlying asset price process follows a geometric Brownian motion.     

Mixing and matching: Prospective financial sector mergers and market valuation

Which types of mergers are likely to be most productive for banks and other financial firms in the US? From a management perspective, mixing disparate firms may be difficult, but may offer significant gains from diversification. The opposite applies to matching similar firms. This paper considers life insurance, property and casualty insurance, securities, and commercial firms as potential matches for banks. It examines a measure of diversification gains from potential consolidation, based on option pricing, and a model of the “building blocks” of the industries, based on arbitrage pricing theory. The results identify potential diversification gains from virtually all combinations involving banking and insurance, which arise because common factors are combined in different ways and because insurance is already well diversified.     

Minimum option prices under decreasing absolute risk aversion

We establish bounds on option prices in an economy where the representative investor has an unknown utility function that is constrained to belong to the family of nonincreasing absolute risk averse functions. For any distribution of terminal consumption, we identify a procedure that establishes the lower bound of option prices. We prove that the lower bound derives from a particular negative exponential utility function. We also identify lower bounds of option prices in a decreasing relative risk averse economy. For this case, we find that the lower bound is determined by a power utility function. Similar to other recent findings, for the latter case, we confirm that under lognormality of consumption, the Black Scholes price is a lower bound. The main advantage of our bounding methodology is that it can be applied to any arbitrary marginal distribution for consumption. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

注册制下券商定价责任与能力研究

注册制下,券商应承担优化资源配置、服务实体经济、稳定二级市场的责任,围绕承销组织、研究估值、机构销售、信息披露等IPO定价全流程,提升市场化定价效率。监管层面需要完善信息披露管理体系,丰富网下报价方式,优化战略配售和二级市场稳定机制,为券商履职及能力提升提供制度保障。本文还创新性构建了券商IPO定价能力评价体系,提出了包含承销能力、组织能力、项目筛选能力、投价报告质量、估值偏离度、定价偏离度、销售能力以及信息披露能力等指标在内的评价体系。     

资产定价:理论演进及应用研究

资产定价理论是现代金融理论的核心.本文通过对资产定价理论的综述,揭示了从传统资产定价理论到行为资产定价理论的演进脉络,并对各理论及相应模型的内涵和应用进行了描述,最后对传统资产定价理论和行为资产定价理论进行了比较,以期对我国金融理论和实践的发展有所帮助.     

关于权证定价修正模型的比较研究——基于交易成本和股息分红因素的分析框架

在我国股权分置改革中，权证推动了证券市场的金融创新。鉴于权证定价可以借鉴期权理论，国外B—S模型对我国权证市场的创新和风险管理具有一定的参考意义。本文采用B—S定价模型定价宝钢认购权证和长电认购权证，分别从交易成本和股息分红的角度进行了相应的模型调整，以改进、完善适应我国权证市场的定价方法。     

Valuing a high-tech growth company: the case of EchoStar Communications Corporation

This article uses real options to value a high-tech company with significant growth option potential. The case of EchoStar Communications Corporation is used as an illustration. The company's growth opportunities are modeled and valued as a portfolio of growth options, namely options to expand its pay television, equipment, and internet services. Expansion of the main business can occur geographically (in the USA, internationally, and through partnerships) or through cross-selling of new products and services to its customer base. The internet business can expand via switching to digital subscriber line and through partnerships. The underlying asset (business) for the expansion options is the ‘base’ discounted cash flow (DCF), after removing the constant growth rate in the terminal-value DCF assumption. The options-based estimate of present value of growth opportunities (PVGO) value substitutes for the terminal growth DCF estimate. We show that our options-based portfolio PVGO provides a better estimate of the firm's growth prospects than the terminal growth DCF assumption.     

Pricing measures,forward measures and semigroups

In a Markovian setting, we introduce a class of pricing measures and forward measures. Using multiplicative perturbation theory of Markovian semigroups, we study the relationship between the pricing semigroup and the forward semigroup, and obtain the forward semigroup pricing method. Furthermore, we investigate the derivatives pricing associated with the spot and forward generators.     

Leveraged Lévy processes as models for stock prices

Adopting a constant elasticity of variance formulation in the context of a general Lévy process as the driving uncertainty we show that the presence of the leverage effect? ?One explanation of the documented negative relation between market volatilities and the level of asset prices (the ‘smile’ or ‘skew’), we term the ‘leverage effect’, argues that this negative relation reflects greater risk taking by the management, induced by a fall in the asset price, with a view of maximizing the option value of equity shareholders. in this form has the implication that asset price processes satisfy a scaling hypothesis. We develop forward partial integro-differential equations under a general Markovian setup, and show in two examples (both continuous and pure-jump Lévy) how to use them for option pricing when stock prices follow our leveraged Lévy processes. Using calibrated models we then show an example of simulation-based pricing and report on the adequacy of using leveraged Lévy models to value equity structured products.