信用卡业务风险与对策思考

随着信用卡业务的进一步发展，信用卡风险发生也越来越频繁。信用卡风险存在于信用卡业务的各个步骤中，包括：产品设计、客户关系、新业务、交易流程、报表生成和寄送过程、持卡人服务、差错争议、催收过程等。而且随着发卡行、特约商户和持卡人的增多，信用卡风险体现出涉及面广、风险种类多样、危害性大的特点。如何认识、规避、防范信用卡业务风险，保持信用卡业务的健康发展，是我们一项长期而又艰巨的任务。     

银行信用卡业务风险分析及防范对策

近几年,银行信用卡业务突飞猛进发展,行业竞争异常激烈,有关银行信用卡方面的客户投诉、经济纠纷、欺诈案件不断频发,银行信用卡业务风险已经处在多发、高发期,银行业很有必要调查当前银行信用卡业务的风险表现和风险成因,并提出可具操作价值的风险防范对策。     

从一个申请拒绝案例看信用卡风险防范

随着我国信用卡业务的进一步发展,信用卡风险的发生也越来越频繁。在信用卡的发行、使用、结算等诸多环节都存在着风险点,体现出涉及面广、种类多样、危害性大等特点。要使我国信用卡业务健康持续发展,就必须加强对信用卡业务全过程的风险控制。下面就一个信用卡申领拒绝案例剖     

信用卡风险类型与管理

近年来,国内商业银行信用卡业务快速发展。成为很多银行优先考虑的新利润来源。存利润的驱动下,商业银行信用卡业务盲目扩张、恶性竞争等不良现象也日渐突出,信用卡透支贷款质量下降,发卡银行面临的业务风险也日益显现,风险管理任务十分艰巨。信用卡风险类型信用卡业务是银行业务的组成部分,因此具有银行传统业务产品的风险,也有信用卡业务特有的风险。银行业务存在的各种风险在信用卡业务中也     

信用卡风险及其控制

信用卡作为一种先进的结算支付工具 ,集转帐结算、存取现金、消费信用等功能于一体 ,具有快捷、方便、安全的特点 ,已被越来越多的人所认识和接受。但随着信用卡业务的迅猛发展 ,信用卡风险也相伴而生 ,并呈逐年增大之势。本文试从探讨信用卡风险类型及其成因的基础上 ,提出风险控制的对策。一、信用卡风险种类及成因(一 )信用卡风险的一般概念、特点。信用卡风险一般是指信用卡在发行或使用过程中发生经济损失的可能性。它贯穿于信用卡业务的各个环节 ,涉及发卡银行、特约商户和持卡人等诸多方面 ,并具有客观性、有限性和可控性等特点。客…     

信用卡风险的成因及多元化治理方略

近年来,信用卡业务进入竞争白热化增长期,但伴随着卡量的增长,信用卡的风险也日益显现,特别是次贷危机以来,信用卡坏账率大幅攀升,信用卡业务中的潜在风险成为经济稳定发展的隐患.本文对信用卡业务发展现状、信用卡的风险特点和目前信用卡风险管理中存在的问题进行了重点研究,提出了信用卡风险的防控对策.     

浅析信用卡风险资产迁徙特征

自从我国银行业实施信贷资产风险分类以来,信用卡业务也以逾期期数为主要依据对风险资产予以分类,但信用卡业务在风险分类基础上引申出的迁徙特征运用却相对较少。风险迁徙特征对于信贷资产的动态监测管理具有良好的效果。本文从信用卡业务账户量大、交易笔数多的特点出发,以信用卡迁徙矩阵为载体,研究信用卡风险特征指标的计算和相关特点。     

论信用卡业务的风险防范

近年来,信用卡业务在国内得到了快速发展,然而由于相应的风险管控措施未能及时跟上,给信用卡业务的健康发展带来了极大的风险。本文分析了我国信用卡业务的发展现状及存在风险,建议央行、各商业银行及特约商家等有关各方,要在信用卡营销和使用过程中提高风险防范意识,进一步加强管控,降低风险,以保证信用卡业务的健康发展。     

降低信用卡风险的几点建议

自从1985年6月中国银行珠江分行在国内发行第一张信用卡（中银卡）以来,我国的信用卡业务得到了长足的发展。尤其是近年来,我国各家银行争相拓展信用卡业务,信用卡业务已成为各家商业银行新的利润增长点。信用卡业务给各家银行带来利润的同时,也给银行带来了一些风险隐患,主要表现在信用风险、操作风险、欺诈风险等方面。     

我国信用卡业务的风险管理研究

随着信用卡业务发展速度加快,信用卡业务风险的控制管理越来越成为商业银行必须解决的问题之一。目前,我国信用卡业务的风险管理仍处于不断探索、不断改善的阶段。文章在对我国信用卡业务的现有风险形式进行分类的基础上,提出了我国信用卡业务风险管理的改善措施。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.