政府环境规制、 企业环境治理与银行利率定价——基于演化博弈的理论分析与实证检验

本文构建了包括政府、 银行与企业在内的三方演化博弈模型， 推演得出政府环境规制、企业环境治理与银行利率定价之间的关系， 并在此基础上利用重污染上市公司 2012～2018年数据对理论分析结论进行实证检验。 研究结果表明： 政府环境规制对企业环境治理有显著正向影响， 对银行利率定价有显著负向影响； 企业环境治理会显著降低银行利率定价； 企业环境治理在政府环境规制和银行利率定价之间发挥了中介作用； 相比于低质量环境信息披露企业， 在环境信息披露质量较高的企业中， 环境治理的中介效应更强。     

财政分权增加了政府环境治理效率吗？-来自我国31省市的证据

演现有文献主要讨论地方政府的整体效率或某类公共品供给效率.如果将环境质量看作是公共物品, 将地方政府视为环境质量的提供者, 那么财政分权是否提高了政府环境治理效率？ 基于我国31 省市1998～2010年的环境治理支出数据, 利用数据包络分析法和面板Tobit 模型计算并分析了影响政府环境治理支出效率的因素.回归结果表明, 财政分权与环境治理支出效率呈负相关关系, 腐败降低了地方政府的环境治理支出效率.     

京津冀环境治理协作的科技创新效应研究——基于传输通道城市环境治理政策的准自然实验北大核心

深化京津冀环境治理协作需要科学评价其科技创新成效,不断完善环境治理协作的综合配套体系。本文以河北省11个地级市及北京和天津共13个城市为研究样本,以国家针对“2+26”京津冀大气污染传输通道城市(经《京津冀及周边地区2017年大气污染防治工作方案》认定)施加的环境治理措施为外部政策冲击,采用双重差分模型评价了京津冀环境治理的科技创新效应,提出了完善环境治理的综合配套方案。研究发现,京津冀环境治理协作促进了科技创新发展;更进一步的调节效应模型分析结果显示,产业结构质量、融资便利水平和政府支持力度三变量对环境治理协作的科技创新效应具有强化作用,升级产业结构、优化金融环境、增加政府创新资助可作为完善环境治理综合配套体系的重点突破方向。     

耗竭性资源、经济增长与政府政策选择

针对经济增长的可持续发展要求与资源耗竭的现状,本文构建了一个三部门模型,讨论了政府政策在实现经济的可持续发展与资源的有效利用过程中的作用.通过动态最优化的方法,得到一个三维系统,分析了系统的稳定性,导出了政府政策、资源存量、资本存量及消费的影响机制.通过进一步的分析发现,资源税与收入税有助于实现经济增长与可持续发展,但资源管制政策对于经济发展作用具有不确定性.     

电煤供应链合作伙伴有效竞合的进化博弈分析

利用进化博弈的双种群博弈理论,研究了电煤供应链中煤炭企业和电力企业两方的博弈演化过程及影响因素。研究表明,电煤供应链的演化方向受到政府监督有效与否的影响,其中对于政府的监督表现在供应链上是奖惩系数、风险发生概率等。除了政府监督之外还受到电煤供应链的合作成本、合作收益、收益分配系数、合作风险减少额、风险补偿系数等因素的影响。降低合作成本,提高合作收益,建立公平有效的利益分配机制、风险补偿机制和奖惩机制,将会加快电煤供应链有效竞合的实现。     

创业型领导与团队有效性的关系研究

在当今时代, 团队创业逐渐取代个人创业, 创业效果得到不断提升。为促进团队创业的有效运作, 本文针对创业型领导对团队有效性的影响, 分析团队双元学习和团队创业激情在两者之间的作用机制, 在构建理论模型的基础上, 通过对107个创业团队领导者的调查和实证分析, 发现创业型领导对团队有效性有显著的正向影响, 团队双元学习和团队创业激情在两者间发挥重要的中介作用。研究不仅揭示了创业型领导在创业团队中的重要作用, 并且从行为和情感双重视角诠释了两者之间的作用机制。     

基于区域经济竞争优化环境治理绩效的府际环境合作机制研究——以跨区水污染治理为例

跨区水资源产权虚置,使水资源的环境容量产权事实上成为地方政府拥有。地方政府主导的区域经济竞争演变为,地方政府不顾生态成本的竞相放松环境规制;区域经济竞争成为区域之间对包括水资源在内的资源消耗大战;地方政府竞争驱动区域经济增长的模式严重影响我国的生态安全。以跨区水污染治理为例,分析了地方政府之间的竞争对流域生态安全的影响机理,旨在为优化跨区环境治理绩效,构建府际环境合作机制提供路径选择。     

现阶段城市环境治理模式若干问题研究

城市环境治理是各级管理者依据国家和当地的环境政策、环境法律法规和标准,运用法律、经济、行政、技术和教育等各种手段,调控人类生产生活行为,协调城市经济社会发展与环境保护之间的关系,限制人类损害城市环境质量的活动的有关行为的总称.城市环境治理模式是管理城市的方式方法与规制.城市环境治理模式主要包括政府直控型环境治理模式、市场化治理模式与自愿性环境治理模式等几大类.     

如何搞好组织的内审员队伍建设

内部质量审核活动是组织对其自身的质量体系自我诊断、自我完善的一种重要的管理手段,是任何一个贯标认证的组织保持其质量体系正常运行和运行的有效性。实现质量体系不断完善和提高的一种有效的自我改进机制。而作为内部质量审核活动的执行者──内审员,能够对组织的质量体系的有效运行起到监督作用,对质量体系的改进起到参谋作用,在质量体系的有效实施过程中能够起到带头和推动作用[1]。一个组织的内审员队伍的素质和水平的高低直接影响着组织的内部质量审核活动的有效性,在组织内对质量体系的正常运行和改进起着很重要的作用。一个…     

阿拉善经济开发区环境污染治理的法律制度创新

有效的环境治理是生态协调稳定和资源可持续利用的重要保证。本文以阿拉善经济开发区的环境污染问题为研究对象,对原因进行分析的同时提出了完善和创新制度的建议。     

面向供应链的环境治理组织模式研究——基于交易费用视角的考察

环境治理的组织形式既可以是单个企业的末端治理，也可以是具有纵向关系的企业间合作治理。后一种环境治理组织方式在激励机制、节约信息成本和治理成本等方面具有的优势．已经越来越成为政府环境治理和企业提高竞争力的重要途径。本文试图借助交易费用理论．从供应链的视角考察具有纵向关系的企业间合作环境治理的组织形式与结构，并进一步探讨供应链上环境治理的驱动者与驱动方式的选择问题。分析表明．面向供应链的环境政策是末端治理政策一个很好的补充与替代。但面向供应链的环境政策必须能够降低供应链上企业环境治理的交易成本．并依据纵向关系或供应链的组织特征而有所差异．才能提高企业问协调环境治理效率。     

欠发达农村生态治理创新--以甘肃为例

综合人口结构、民族分布、地理环境来看,甘肃的生态屏障战略地位凸显.老庄、孔孟等先贤奠定了生态治理的思想基础,之后与时俱进地变迁,政府的践行力度也持续强化,然而现实农村生态情况不容乐观,甘肃的形势也十分严峻.从公共治理理论出发,主要有三个方面的深层动因：企业逐利罔顾其他,政府绩效考核缺陷,农户人为加剧破坏.新农村生态治理亟待创新：以地方政府为主导力量、以乡镇企业为重点客体、以社会组织为桥梁纽带、以个体农户为核心依靠,综合多种手段统筹保护、恢复、建设,实现生态、经济、社会三维效益的整体优化.     

The effectiveness of contractual and trust‐based governance in strategic alliances under behavioral and environmental uncertainty

Research summary: We examine the interplay of behavioral and environmental uncertainty in shaping the effectiveness of two key governance mechanisms used by strategic alliances: contractual and trust‐based governance. We develop and test hypotheses, using a meta‐analytic dataset encompassing over 15,000 strategic alliances across 82 independent samples. We find that contractual governance works best under low to moderate levels of behavioral uncertainty and moderate to high levels of environmental uncertainty, while it is detrimental to alliance performance when both types of uncertainty are low or high. Trust‐based governance is most effective at high levels of behavioral uncertainty and low levels of environmental uncertainty. It suffers a large loss of usefulness at high behavioral uncertainty as environmental uncertainty increases. Managerial summary: Strategic alliances allow firms to gain greater efficiency and create value. Yet, many such alliances fail because they are not able to deal with the twin challenges posed by behavioral and environmental uncertainty. Findings from our meta‐analysis imply that under conditions of high behavioral uncertainty and low‐to‐moderate levels of environmental uncertainty, the use of trust‐based governance alongside contractual governance might enhance the latter's effectiveness. The combined effectiveness of contractual and trust‐based governance under high levels of both behavioral and environmental uncertainty is not obvious. When both behavioral and environmental uncertainty are high, contractual governance hurts alliance performance while trust‐based governance does not function at its best either. Under these conditions, it might be better for firms to turn to hierarchy or vertical integration. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国对外直接投资、东道国政府治理与经济增长 ——基于东盟国家的经验证据

东盟作为我国新一轮对外开放和“一带一路”建设的重要区域,一直是我国对外直接投资的重点关注对象。评估东盟各国的政府治理水平,可以更好的判断投资环境、识别风险,助力双方互惠共赢。本文通过构建东盟国家的政府治理指数,实证分析中国对外直接投资、东盟国家政府治理对东盟国家经济增长的影响,研究表明:中国对外直接投资促进了东盟国家的经济增长;东盟国家的政府治理对其经济增长并没有直接影响,但是却抑制了中国直接投资对东盟国家经济增长的促进作用。未来中国对东盟国家的直接投资应更注重长期效应,重视营商环境以及国家吸收外国投资的能力,根据东盟国家的政治经济发展差异,实行“一国一策”的投资策略。     

我国政府环境规制在低碳经济发展中作用的实证分析

本文分别从静态和动态两个方面构建一元回归估计模型以及自向量回归VAR模型,研究政府环境规制与各类能源碳排放之间的关系,从而探索我国政府环境规制在低碳经济发展中作用,本文研究认为：政府环境规制与各类能源碳排放之间存在动态关系,环境规制是碳排放量的格兰杰因果关系,长期以来,我国政府环境规制投入赶不上经济发展对能源消耗的需求,造成各类能源碳排放不断增加,在低碳经济发展的道路上,政府环境规制的作用是显著性的,未来我国政府必须加强政府环境规制的投资额度,更要加强环境规制投入的力度,综合利用国家规制手段,实现我国低碳经济的长期稳定发展。     

Governance and social media in African countries: An empirical investigation

This study assesses linkages between social media and governance dynamics in 49 African countries for the year 2012. The empirical evidence is based on ordinary least squares and quantile regressions. Ten bundled and unbundled governance dynamics are used, notably: (i) political governance (entailing “voice & accountability” and political stability/no violence); (ii) economic governance (involving regulation quality and government effectiveness); (iii) institutional governance (comprising the rule of law and corruption-control) and (iv) general governance (entailing political, economic and institutional governance). Social media is measured with Facebook penetration. The findings show that Facebook penetration is positively associated with governance dynamics and these positive nexuses differ in terms of significance and magnitude of significance throughout the conditional distribution of the governance dynamics.     

Corporate governance and environmental performance: is there really a link?

Corporate governance scholars are increasingly interested in firms' social and environmental performance. Empirical research in this area, however, has moved forward in an uncoordinated fashion, producing fragmented and contradictory results. Our paper seeks to address this situation by adopting a fact‐based research approach that comprehensively explores the link between corporate governance and environmental performance. Specifically, we aim to understand how the relationships between and among the firms' owners, managers, and boards of directors influence environmental performance. We are particularly interested in understanding the interactions among these three key sets of actors. In the end, we offer some observations about governance practices and discuss the implications for theory. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Inter-partner control,trust, and radical innovation of IJVs in China: A contingent governance perspective

International joint ventures (IJVs) in emerging markets need to develop radical innovation to compete successfully in the rapidly changing business landscapes there. Taking a contingent governance perspective, this study examines how formal and social governance mechanisms, namely inter-partner control and inter-partner trust, affect radical innovation development in IJVs through knowledge acquisition and integration, and how emerging market institutional governance structures moderate the effectiveness of the two internal governance mechanisms. Based on a sample of 181 IJVs in China, we find that both inter-partner control and inter-partner trust promote IJV radical innovation; moreover, legal enforceability weakens the impact of inter-partner control but strengthens that of inter-partner trust on IJV radical innovation; likewise, government intervention risk weakens the positive role of inter-partner control yet strengthens that of inter-partner trust. This study extends both the innovation and IJV governance literature by connecting governance mechanisms to IJV radical innovation and uncovering important institutional contingencies.     

Government's green grip: Multifaceted state influence on corporate environmental actions in China

Research summary: Emerging economies such as China enjoy economic expansion, but also face dramatic environmental challenges. China's government is a central actor in both stimulating economic activities and pursuing environmental protection. Drawing on panel data and in‐depth interviews, we examined the influence of the Chinese state at multiple levels on the environmental actions of publicly listed firms. The results show that corporate environmental actions follow an inverted U‐shape as control of environmental practices moves from the central government to the most decentral administrative level. This curvilinear relationship is positively moderated by the stringency of environmental regulation and negatively moderated by environmental monitoring capacity. We conclude that state influence on corporate environmental actions in China is multifaceted and subject to “policy‐policy decoupling.” Managerial summary: As China's environmental awareness is growing, the country's government is increasingly concerned with the question as to how it can improve the environmental performance of the firms it controls. Our evidence shows the concurrence of two contravening government influences on corporate environmental practices: a performance‐enhancing effect of the regulatory pressure by multiple authorities and a performance‐diminishing effect of the autonomy enjoyed by local governments. Both the most centrally and the most decentrally controlled firms in China show significantly weaker environmental performance than those controlled by intermediary levels of government. The stringency of sectorial environmental regulation and environmental monitoring capacity affect the strength of the Chinese government's green grip.