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1.
史蒂文·贝里、詹姆斯·莱文森和阿里尔·帕克斯是计量经济学与产业组织领域极具影响的经济学家,他们入选科睿唯安引文桂冠经济学奖的主要原因是建立了随机系数Logit模型.该模型可以有效计算不同产品之间的交叉价格弹性,使参数估计结果更加贴合实际,成为差异化产品需求估计的主要计量方法.他们在传统Logit模型中引入随机系数、允许价格内生,使用市场层面的数据对参数进行估计,克服了无关选项独立性假设的限制,拓展了离散选择模型在差异化产品市场的应用,使随机系数Logit模型成为实证产业组织理论中不可或缺的需求估计模型.  相似文献   

2.
产业组织理论研究综述   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
产业组织理论作为产业经济学的基本理论有深刻的思想渊源及产生、发展和深化的过程.产业组织理论的思想渊源包括柏拉图的劳动分工思想、亚当·斯密的古典经济学思想、"马歇尔冲突理论"和克拉克的"有效竞争理论"等.西方产业组织理论经历了两个发展阶段,先后形成了哈佛学派的SCP范式、芝加哥学派的产业组织理论、新产业组织理论和"后SCP"流派的新制度经济学理论等.20世纪80年代产业组织理论被引入中国,与中国的国情相结合,形成了一些中国化的产业组织理论思想.产业组织理论的中国化经历了以下三个阶段:①第一阶段:以引进和学习西方产业组织理论为主,对中国的产业组织问题进行尝试性研究;②第二阶段:在研究西方理论的基础上,结合中国国情形成新的理论观点;③第三阶段:引入博弈论等新的分析工具,对中国的产业组织问题进行具体而深入的研究.  相似文献   

3.
文章以传统产业组织理论为基础,以东北国有林区2003—2009年83个国有森工企业为样本,应用随机前沿成本模型和Panel-data模型研究东北国有林区林业产业管理效率的影响因素。实证分析的结果显示,提升林业产业管理效率的途径包括减少林业企业劳动者人数、降低工业国有产权比重、采用有效的激励手段、优化企业组织结构、提高产业纵向一体化水平、减轻企业社会负担、增加营林投入和提高政府的干预有效性。  相似文献   

4.
韩斌  刘朝明  李亮 《生产力研究》2007,(16):115-117
对产业关联强度的研究在产业经济理论上是一个新的进展。文章运用投入产出分析方法揭示一个区域经济体系中不同省级行政区产业间投入和产出的相互依存关系,为制定相关的区域产业政策提供了决策依据。文章以MRIO模型为原型简化了区域间投入产出模型,推导出两个新的系数,使得区域间投入产出分析方法广泛应用于区域间产业关联强度研究成为可能,并对四川和重庆之间七部门的产业关联强度进行了实证分析。  相似文献   

5.
1.20世纪50年代为实现赶超目标而实施的大企业发展战略。50年代,由于社会主义国家刚刚建立,生产技术水平低下,重工业基础十分薄弱,生产规模小型化的问题十分突出。  相似文献   

6.
银行业产业组织理论的发展源于产业组织理论,是产业组织理论在银行业的具体应用。分别比较国内外的相关研究,发现国外文献侧重于理论的演进,主要是从市场集中度,银行业的竞争和银行业的绩效三个方面进行论述,而国内的文献则偏重于实证研究,普遍从市场结构、市场行为和市场绩效的角度对中国银行业产业组织进行具体的论述,并给出相关的政策建议。  相似文献   

7.
本文概述了模块化的产生及其基本界定,在交易费用框架下对产业组织的模块化机理进行了分析。研究发现信息化改变了产品生产活动的监督与度量成本,从而使得经济组织结构向着节省交易费用的方向变迁,即组织模块化。本文基于模块化在产业组织中的构造规律,通过对我国电信业的实证研究,对产业组织的模块化及其政策制定提出了建议。  相似文献   

8.
采取市场自发调节和政府行政干预相结合的方式是展览业快速发展和产业组织结构优化的最佳方式。市场和计划相结合并非毫无缺陷,关键在于确定市场和计划结合的度。目前政府应该退出对展览业的直接经营,一般不宜直接参与展览活动的主办与组织;要推进国有企业改革,以资本为纽带,转行政隶属关系为产权约束关系;取消审批制,通过行政法规、经济杠杆,中介组织等各类间接方式鼓励和促进大型展览企业集团的建立;通过公开招标、出卖主办权的方式将原政府主办或组织的展览会市场化;投资建造大型展览馆,促进大型展览会的举办。  相似文献   

9.
本文介绍了新经验产业组织的基本研究方法和视角,并通过文献回顾,阐述了新经验产业组织在判断同质产品市场和产品差别市场中的市场结构与企业之间的战略关系,推测不同行业的销售利润率时所使用的分析工具和方法。最后,我们对新经验产业组织研究的现实意义进行了讨论。  相似文献   

10.
本文就我国环保产业发展的现状,运用产业组织理论分析了环保产业的特殊性,探讨了环保产业的市场结构、市场行为和市场绩效三个基本范畴,针对我国环保产业市场结构存在的问题,提出了我国环保产业组织政策。  相似文献   

11.
    
We apply the BLP random coefficient logit model demand model to fluid milk sales data from two north-south Italian cities: Turin and Naples. By virtue of their location and socioeconomic differences, these cities provide a natural experiment for contrasting consumer choices and retail market power related to milk physical and marketing characteristics. Results reveal that, regardless of location, consumers negatively value price increases, fat content and ultra-high temperature (UHT) treatment. However, location matters with respect to brand and type of milk purchased. While in Turin (the higher-income region) demand for the leading manufacturers’ brands is the most price inelastic, in Naples consumers have the lowest price elasticities in case of cheaper milk, often small manufacturer or private label brands. Unlike previous studies, we do not find price elasticities for private labels to be consistently lower (or markups to be higher) compared to manufacturer brands, indicating that private labels have reached maturity in these markets. Further, while demand for fresh milk is more price inelastic in Turin, it is more inelastic for UHT milk in Naples. Likewise, markups and Lerner indexes are higher for fresh milk in Turin and for UHT in Naples corresponding to the more inelastic demands under Bertrand price competition.  相似文献   

12.
In the current issue of Environmental and Resource Economics, Morey et al. (2006) discuss a new approach to using attitudinal data in latent class modeling. We compare this approach with the one taken in Boxall and Adamowicz (2002), in the context of a discrete choice, random utility framework with heterogeneous preferences. We derive the respective likelihood functions of the two approaches to show that they are structurally similar, and discuss their implications for the use of attitudinal data. We conclude with a discussion comparing the relative merits of latent class and random parameters (mixed logit) modeling, offering the view that as a practical matter, choosing between them depends on the analyst’s judgment about the correlation of preference parameters.  相似文献   

13.
Sudan is threatened by a serious deforestation problem. Total forested area decreased by about 20 percent over the last two decades, largely as a result of the expansion of rainfed mechanized farming (RMF). To safeguard against the problems of deforestation, the government's Mechanized Farming Corporation requires each farmer to leave at least ten percent of the total farm area under shelterbelts. Few farmers pay attention to this clause. This paper addresses the problem of RMF expansion and analyzes the effects of different factors on the preservation of shelterbelts. Results indicate that the following factors influence the decision to preserve shelterbelts: farmer's belief in the value of shelterbelts, the production of gum arabic, farm size, farmer's wealth, years a farm has been cultivated, and type of farm.  相似文献   

14.
马健 《当代财经》2005,(2):82-87
产业融合形成的创新性产品所带来的需求增长包含了两个过程:一是对产业融合的原有产业市场需求的替代,二是创造出原有市场之外的新的市场需求。本文在对Bass及相关模型的假设条件作出适当修正的基础上,建立了能够方便、准确地对融合产品的需求增长状况进行分析和估计的产业融合需求增长模型。基于这一模型,本文对融合产品的需求替代和创新、融合产品的需求增长估计以及融合产品的需求增长趋势进行了经验验证和预测。  相似文献   

15.
This paper considers welfare analysis with therandom utility model (RUM) when perceptions ofenvironmental quality differ from objectivemeasures of environmental quality. Environmental quality is assumed to be anexperience good, so that while perceptions ofquality determine choices, ex postutility is determined by objective quality. Given this assumption, I derive a measure ofthe welfare impact of changes in environmentalquality, and I show how this new welfaremeasure differs from the traditional welfaremeasure developed by Hanemann (1982). This newwelfare measure provides an approach tomeasuring the value of information aboutenvironmental quality within the framework ofthe random utility model.  相似文献   

16.
根据以往我国城市绿色交通的调查结论,设计调查问卷,调查之后进行分析。运用Logit回归模型,建立一个专门针对二元因变量的Binary Logit模型,得出以下结论:收入水平、交通拥堵状况、对小汽车的态度和低碳环保意识4个变量因为统计检验不显著而未能进入最终模型。同时,油价、停车费、居所附近的直达公交线路、居所附近的轨道交通、公共交通乘坐舒适度、工作日平均出行距离与居民绿色出行方式的选择具有显著相关关系。  相似文献   

17.
We document speed-up gains of graphical processing unit (GPU) computing over central processing unit (CPU) for the estimation of discrete choice random coefficient demand model. When we use a moderate-sized GPU, the computation is six to twenty times faster, where the smallest speed-up factor, six, is obtained from a comparison with the parallel computing over sixteen CPU cores.  相似文献   

18.
A complete financial stability analysis should include investigation on macroeconomic stability since macroeconomic development and potential imbalance can increase the financial instability and trigger a financial crisis. Survey data of rating on China's macroeconomic stability is analyzed by estimating an ordered logit model with random effect. Among the candidate macroeconomic indicators, we found that inflation is the key variable that determines China's macroeconomic stability, followed by the change in budget balance and GDP growth gap.  相似文献   

19.
产业生态:产业经济学研究的第四个领域   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
产业活动与环境的冲突成为现代产业经济学研究的一个新课题。产业生态作为产业经济学研究的一个重要组成部分,既为解决资源与环境问题提供了破解,也丰富了产业经济学理论体系,是对产业经济学的创新性研究。论文将产业生态作为产业经济学研究的第四个研究领域,与产业组织、产业结构、产业区域有机结合起来,构建了产业经济学理论框架,对产业生态理论与实践进行了探索。  相似文献   

20.
    
This article investigates the probability of the FDI location decisions of multinational enterprises using a mixed logit panel data model, which is the most flexible discrete choice model. We employ a three-level data set, which includes over 1100 FDI location decisions into 13 alternative Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) over an 11-year period. Our empirical results on the effect of host country, industry and firm characteristics on the probability of undertaking FDI in a particular location are significant and consistent with the predictions of our theoretical model.  相似文献   

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