乡村振兴背景下休闲农业与乡村旅游高质量发展路径

在国家政策大力支持下,我国休闲农业与乡村旅游产业发展迅速,但在发展过程中仍然存在许多问题,如产品质量不能得到保证、专业性人才资源短缺、宣传力度不够,这些问题拖慢了乡村的经济发展。本文对乡村振兴背景下休闲农业与乡村旅游高质量发展问题进行了相关研究与讨论,并提出了具体的实现路径。     

乡村旅游发展初探

乡村旅游是一种新兴的旅游地域分类，其区别于城市旅游，是在原有的观光旅游中衍生出来的一种以乡土气息为标志的旅游种类，其活动可以是多种多样的，旅游地以乡村地区为主。研究乡村旅游的现状条件与所存在的问题，推断其发展的可能性，以及发展当中存在的阻力，同时借鉴国外发展经验，进行乡村资源整合与新方向的探索，从而有利于乡村旅游的科学发展，带动乡村旅游不断发展。[编者按]     

发展海南乡村旅游在国际旅游岛中的地位和作用

海南的乡村元素不但与国际旅游休闲特点相吻合．而且在海南国际旅游岛建设上档次、成规模、够品位、可持续发展中有着重要的战略地位和作用。发展海南乡村旅游将为解决海南“三农”困境,推进海南国际旅游岛的健康发展开辟道路。     

乡村振兴对乡村旅游发展的促进机制研究

<正>乡村旅游是游客参与体验乡村生活、自然环境和农业活动的旅游形式,具有较强的带动辐射能力,能够充分发挥乡村自然资源禀赋,吸引更多资本、技术和人才流向乡村,为乡村振兴创造有利条件。据此,文章围绕乡村振兴的宏大目标,在分析乡村旅游发展特点的基础上,阐述乡村旅游业发展的具体模式,并以乡村振兴对乡村旅游发展的促进机制为前提,提出促进乡村旅游发展的有效路径,以期实现乡村振兴,促进乡村经济转型升级,为建设美丽乡村奠定坚实的基础。     

中国乡村旅游发展的新形态和新模式

我国是农业大国,更是乡村大国,乡村永远是中国大地上的主导景观.我国乡村旅游的发展是时代发展的需求,业已引起社会对乡村发展、乡村景观、乡村遗产、乡村旅游的广泛关注,并感悟到乡村景观保护与乡村旅游发展的紧迫性,对落实我国新农村建设具有重要意义.对比欧美发达国家发展过程和成就,乡村旅游在走过了贵族化阶段后成为体验乡村文化和乡村遗产重要的旅游方式,成为休闲、度假、康体、治疗等重要的旅游空间.在欧洲,乡村旅游曾一度成为"拯救乡村的乡村旅游",成为乡村经济变革和推动乡村发展的重要动力,为乡村发展注入的活力和推动乡村持续发展所展现出的作用不仅在欧美发达国家,而且在今天我国乡村变革和发展中充分体现出来,成为乡村发展的新动力、新模式和新途径,是城乡统筹发展过程中最完整、最典型、最内在的体现.我国乡村旅游20多年的发展业已完成产业的第一次积累,乡村旅游亟待解决经营理念低俗化、品牌定位趋同化、产品层次粗浅化、乡土文化城市化、管理模式混乱化和产业组织自发化6大问题,抓住发展机遇,实现乡村旅游产业升级和产品换代.     

乡村旅游发展的围城效应与对策

客源地的城市性(urbanity)与目的地的乡村性(rurality)级差或梯度是乡村游的动力源泉,乡村旅游生存的基础是乡村性或乡村地格(rural placeality).乡村性是乡村旅游的中心和独特的卖点.乡村旅游可持续发展的关键就是要保持乡村性,即小规模经营、本地人所有、社区参与、文化与环境可持续(Brohman,1996).     

休闲观光农业与乡村旅游、生态旅游

在阐述休闲观光农业与乡村旅游、生态旅游之间关系的基础上,对其旅游过程、旅游产业和旅游系统中的保护、教育、责任、社区参与和环境伦理等五个方面的要旨进行了分析和论述,最后就体闲观光农业、乡村旅游、生态旅游开发中亟待破解的若干难题进行了解析.     

国内乡村旅游研究:蓬勃发展而有待深入

从现有的研究资料看，我国目前的乡村旅游研究主要集中在以下五个方面：乡村旅游概念；乡村旅游开发意义、条件和模式；乡村旅游规划与设计；乡村旅游存在问题和发展策略；国外和台湾乡村旅游发展的经验借鉴。虽然我国乡村旅游研究近年来发展迅速，也取得了不少有价值的研究成果，但整体上研究水平不高，许多方面都有待深入。     

乡村振兴视域下“三教”协同创新促进休闲农业与旅游产业的发展研究

在践行“两山”理念和全面贯彻落实乡村振兴战略的背景下,文章通过探讨职业教育、高等教育和继续教育在乡村发展中的互补优势和协同作用,从休闲农业与旅游产业融合的动因着手,通过这三种教育形式的有效结合,探索休闲农业与旅游产业的融合发展,进而提出构建一个协同创新框架,更好地培养农业旅游领域的人才,推动农业科技创新,加强农村社区建设,旨在促进休闲农业和旅游产业的可持续发展,进而推动乡村经济和社区的全面振兴。     

Senior Pleasure Tourists: Examination of Their Demography,Travel Experience,and Travel Behavior Upon Visiting the Bangkok Metropolis

The senior travel market has become an increasingly important area of interest to travel agents. This study examines senior travellers based on their travel experience, behavior, and overall experience on visiting Thailand, in terms of their age, marital status, and education. In this study, a sample of 384 senior foreign tourists responded to a survey carried out at the Bangkok International airport. Seniors are shown not to be a uniform conservative market, which has implications for product development. Profiles differed in the priority attached to travel experience factored into health, safety, language, itineraries, and general conditions in connection with travel. Travel behavior of seniors also differs in terms of types of tour, lodging preference, outdoor activity, mode of transportation, type of information used, and people travelled with. Recommendations based on these findings have strategic implications for travel companies and travel organizers.     

Targeting Rural Tourists in the Internet: Comparing Travel Motivation and Activity-Based Segments

This study aims to compare activity-based segmentation and travel motivation segmentation from the perspective of information search behavior and online use behavior by comparing segment heterogeneity. The data were collected from users of three Finnish rural tourism websites with 1754 completed and usable questionnaires to create segmentation solutions based on travel activities and motivations using hierarchical cluster analysis and then comparing the results. The results indicate that travel activities are more useful than travel motivations in finding heterogeneous segmentation solutions, making the travel activity segments more heterogeneous than travel motivation segments as regards their information search behavior and Internet use. The results suggest that in this era of Internet marketing, travel activities are a better segmentation base than travel motivations in order to target different market segments as activities form more heterogeneous segmentation solutions.     

中国出境旅游"双高"格局与政策取向辨析——兼与戴学锋、巫宁同志商榷

中国出境旅游的高增长和高消费现象引发了对出境旅游不经济性的讨论.本文通过与"中国出境旅游高速增长的负面影响探析"一文作者的商榷,认为出境旅游的迅速发展是我国现阶段宏观经济发展的必然结果,属于"补涨"性质;出境旅游消费存在"虚高"现象;出境旅游的发展为我国旅游业跨国经营创造了有利条件,而跨国经营是克服出境旅游不经济性的最佳途径.     

A Comparison of International Travel Between an Emerging and a Mature Source Market

Little research has been published on the evolution of markets, but markets, like destinations, should evolve over time. A market's collective travel behavior should change as residents become more experienced international tourists. Market evolution may be triggered by rapid economic development. As Tourists become more experienced, their destination choice, travel patterns and package tour propensity should change. This paper compares the international travel patterns of similar source markets at different stages of their travel life cycles. Hong Kong can be considered as an established source market, whereas Macau is a rapidly emerging source market. The study identifies significant differences in destination choice, package tour propensity, long-haul travel propensity, motivations and behavior within destinations. The authors conclude the paper by offering a number of propositions about market evolution.     

区域国际旅行社业竞争力评价方法与实证分析

区域国际旅行社业竞争力的评价涉及到多个指标,评价方法的选择对评价结果起重要作用.该文基于竞争力影响因素的基本理论及指标数据的可获取性,选择劳动生产率、市场占有率、利润率、成本作为国际旅行社竞争力的评价指标,以我国31个省级区域(不合港、澳、台地区)为研究对象,检验了3种评价方法:SAW法、WP法、TOPSIS法的有效性,分析了评价结果对指标权重的敏感性.最后,对我国31个省份的国际旅行社业竞争力进行了评价与分类.     

International Students in Asia: Travel Behaviors and Destination Perceptions

This study investigates the incidence of international student travel in Taiwan. It was found that Chinese, Asian and other international students behave somewhat differently from respondents in prior studies conducted in Western settings. Cultural background influenced the travel behaviors of international students as well as their perceptions of Taiwan as a tourism destination. The visiting friends and relatives (VFR) market induced by Asian respondents offers greater tourism-related potential than the travel activity that students themselves undertake. The contrary was found for non-Asian students where the student-induced VFR market is small and prospectively less attractive than the student market. The Chinese international student travel market and induced VFR market showed less potential than anticipated, perhaps because of the embryonic stage of diplomatic and commercial relations between Taiwan and mainland China.     

试论京郊乡村旅游发展中的问题与对策

北京作为中国的首都和国际著名的历史文化名城,旅游业正在突飞猛进地向前发展。在北京市居民的经济收入普遍提高的情况下,其旅游需求出现巨大的变化。北京的城市居民已不满足于对一般名胜古迹的欣赏,而是选择了依山傍水、空气清新的京郊乡村旅游。然而,京郊乡村旅游在大力发展的同时,也出现了许多这样和那样的问题与不足,并大有制约京郊乡村旅游向前发展的趋势。笔者针对当前京郊乡村旅游在发展中存在的问题进行了论述,并提出了自己的建议及对策。     

中国出境旅游发展及其影响的初步研究

出境旅游持续快速增长,国际旅游双流格局渐次形成,是当前中国旅游业国际化的主要表现.出境旅游发展会改变国际旅游收支关系,但是,即使出现旅游赤字,也不一定对宏观经济产生负面作用.出境旅游发展会刺激中国入境旅游增长,促进旅游企业的跨国经营,有利于提升中国旅游产业的整体素质.当前,政府无需对出境旅游加以直接规制,但需要采取多种跟进措施.     

我国旅游保险业发展探析

本文在分析旅游保险特点及其根源的基础上,结合我国旅游业发展的实际得出了如下结论:①法定保险商业经营导致了我国的旅游保险不保险;②旅行社无法承担旅游保险销售的重任;③利益问题使我国的旅游保险陷入了困境;④旅游保险产品与服务体系亟需建立.同时认为,我国旅游保险业的健康持续发展,其根本措施在于旅游保险体系的创新.     

从体验视角看旅游的本质及旅游学科体系的构建

自从马里奥蒂首次从经济学角度对旅游现象作了系统的剖析和论证迄今已近百年,学术界对旅游本质的认识,依然呈现“诸家学说,百花齐放”的局面,严重影响了旅游学科的建构和旅游教育的发展。本文通过理性分析和比较分析两种途径来理解旅游的本质,并由此认为旅游研究应采纳从心理学视角进去,从地理学、社会学和经济学等其他学科的视角出来。整个研究的切入点应该是旅游体验。也就是说,旅游研究应该以体验作为基本视角。最后,本文以此为根基,构筑了旅游学科的基本框架。