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Kosmas Njanike 《Development Southern Africa》2019,36(4):426-442
The promotion of an inclusive financial system has become important to many countries in policy crafting. The study seeks to explore the determinants of opening an account with a bank in Zimbabwe. Data from Finscope Survey 2014 was used to estimate probit models and for robustness check Linear Probability Models. Using these data, the socioeconomic factors influencing individuals in deciding whether or not to open an account with a bank in Zimbabwe is analysed. According to our analysis, the decision to open a bank account by individuals is influenced by Location, Age, Gender, Marital status, Proof of residence, Employment history and Level of Education. There is need to build inclusive financial systems through different policies by governments and central banks. Financial literacy education and financial inclusion campaigns are paramount in improving levels of people opening bank accounts. 相似文献
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理论分析表明,二元经济结构下人口老龄化能够通过要素禀赋结构调整和社会福利改善对城乡居民收入产生不同的收入效应和替代效应,进而影响城乡收入不平等。利用中国2000-2014年省际面板数据进行实证检验发现：中国人口老龄化显著的扩大了城乡收入不平等,但要素禀赋结构和社会福利水平对老龄化条件下的城乡收入不平等影响效应不同;随着对老年人口供养负担的加重,社会福利支出对老龄化条件下的城乡收入不平等主要表现为替代效应,城市偏向的社会福利支出使得农村因照料老人引起的劳动力供给减少扩大了城乡收入不平等;而要素禀赋结构的转变则使得老龄化主要表现为收入效应,劳动力相对资本的稀缺性导致转移劳动力工资上涨,从而缩小了城乡收入不平等;随着老龄化深化,通过社会福利改善和要素禀赋结构调整能够有效抵消老龄化对城乡收入不平等的负面影响;研究也证实了二元经济结构的优化和农业规模化经营对城乡收入不平等的缩小作用,而失业率上升和城乡投资差距却会加剧城乡收入不平等。 相似文献
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An ever-increasing number of developing economies with varied levels of financial development have adopted Inflation Targeting (IT) frameworks to guide monetary policy. Using a panel dataset of 54 developing economies over the period 1980 to 2015 (30 of which have IT frameworks), we re-visit the rather controversial issue of whether adoption of an IT framework leads to superior outcomes in terms of reducing inflation and its variability. After controlling for potential endogeneity and self-selection concerns of policy adoption, our main empirical finding is that IT frameworks appear to reduce inflation rates in developing economies regardless of the level of financial development, while it reduces variability of inflation rates only when we control for levels of financial market development. We further find that the effectiveness of IT framework on inflation is highly dependent on financial inclusion and bank characteristics, while the effect on inflation variability is more associated with components of capital market development. 相似文献
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We update earlier articles on the determinants of interpenetration of financial centers by banks and analyze the substantial
changes that have occurred between 1990 and 2000. First, the number of banks and the number of offices in other centers has
fallen by over 20 percent since 1990. Second, aggregate interconnectedness has held steady between 1990 and 2000, though there
is an increasing asymmetry. Third, Tokyo has lost rank as a center, while Hong Kong and Singapore have continued to gain importance.
Fourth, Frankfurt, rather than gaining importance with the advent of the euro, has apparently lost importance. Lastly, some
explicit or implicit agreements between banks from different countries not to compete in each other's markets have continued
to wane, though intra-European interpenetration remains relatively low. JEL no. F30, G15, G21 相似文献
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This study examines the effects of financial literacy on financial inclusion and savings behavior in Laos. Compared to previous literature, we use a broader definition of financial literacy which covers not only financial knowledge but also financial behavior and financial attitudes. We also use a new definition of financial inclusion which goes beyond the supply-side perspective to consider the consumer’s perspective. To do so, we use the survey instrument designed by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development International Network on Financial Education. We also used more reliable instrumental variables to investigate the effects of financial literacy on financial inclusion (and its components) and savings behavior. We find that financial literacy has statistically positive effects on both financial inclusion and savings. Moreover, the effects of financial literacy on different measures of financial inclusion vary. Our results further show that individuals with higher financial literacy scores are more likely to hold savings in both formal and informal forms than those who have lower financial literacy scores, even when we control for income and education. 相似文献
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Inequality, public opinion and redistribution 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
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中国-东盟区域经济合作与金融深化战略研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国-东盟自贸区全面启动近两年来,区域经济合作的步伐逐步加快,但在区域金融合作等领域则面临着一些发展的短板。本文基于中国-东盟自贸区建立以来双方区域经济合作和金融合作的现状,依托金融深化理论,对中国-东盟区域金融合作的存在问题和发展趋势进行了深入分析。结果表明:中国-东盟自贸区的区域金融合作已取得一定进展,但仍处于初步合作阶段。深化双方区域金融合作,要克服本国金融抑制的消极影响,同时通过金融深化推动双方在金融监管和汇率协调机制等方面的合作。 相似文献
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从应对全球经济失衡视角看东亚经济金融合作 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
经常项目收支失衡加剧是全球经济失衡的重要体现。近年来,以美国为一极的发达国家经常项目逆差急剧膨胀;而包括中国在内的东亚国家和地区的经常项目顺差不断扩张。由于经常项目赤字滚雪球般地急剧膨胀,加上美国储蓄率过低、财政赤字高涨,导致了美国对国际资本的巨大需求。而东亚地区由于汇率体制和对美经济依存等原因,被动地持有大量美元资产并向美国提供大量资金。全球国际收支失衡不断向主要几个国家和地区集中,从中长期来看这种不均衡现象是不可持续的,东亚国家面临极大的风险。这一背景下,加强东亚区域经济金融合作是必然的选择。 相似文献
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The extent to which banking services can reduce poverty is under question as recent experimental evidence has suggested that there is no impact. Our findings, based on survey and administrative data, are to the contrary. We compile a unique dataset of banking measures and poverty indicators at the level of Bangladesh’s 544 administrative sub-districts. We find a relationship between banking services and poverty reduction, and show that the relationship works through the deposit channel rather than the credit channel. We exploit variation in branch placement by sub-district between 2010 and 2015 to implement a difference-in-difference estimation approach. We also estimate ordinary least squares and fixed effects models to explore the role of factors other than banking services in poverty incidence. Broad findings supporting a role for the deposit channel, but not the credit channel, are confirmed. These results have significant policy implications as governments in developing countries are actively involved in promoting financial inclusion through the banking sector. 相似文献
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本文探讨了经济领域不道德现象的根源,提出了抑制的对策。即结合时代特点,继续弘扬以诚信为核心的儒商精神,借鉴西方经济伦理中的合理成分,在政府、企业和学术界的共同努力下,优化经济伦理发展环境。 相似文献
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通货膨胀与经济增长都对社会福利有重要影响。通过扩展卢卡斯经济增速放缓的福利成本测算模型,将通货膨胀引入模型,进而探讨通货膨胀对经济增长放缓的福利成本影响。研究结果表明,通货膨胀通过影响代表性消费者的贴现行为而对增速放缓福利成本产生影响;经济增速放缓的福利成本随着通货膨胀的提高而降低;新时期经济增速放缓2个百分点导致的福利成本为5.38%。 相似文献
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Numerous studies have found that income inequality reduces the chances of upward relative mobility (i.e., climbing up the income ladder). However, most of this work ignores the role played by institutional quality (namely, economic freedom) in determining mobility and increasing the individual's set of choices. We fill this gap by empirically testing the direct and indirect (through economic growth) impacts of economic freedom on intergenerational income mobility. We find that economic freedom has both direct and indirect effects on intergenerational income mobility, while income inequality is a strong predictor of downward income mobility. When we incorporate findings about the purely mechanical relationship between inequality and intergeneration income mobility, we find that the legal system and property rights component of economic freedom matters more than inequality. These results suggest that good institutions can increase intergenerational income mobility. 相似文献
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Satya R. Chakravarty 《International Journal of Economic Theory》2009,5(2):181-199
An income distribution-based abbreviated social welfare function is an increasing function of equity and efficiency. When inequality is of relative type, we characterize variants of the Atkinson–Kolm–Sen and the Shorrocks abbreviated welfare functions, where the variation results from the existence of a corresponding trade-off parameter, and in each case if the parameter becomes one the two forms coincide. When the value of the parameter increases, equity gains more weight in the equity–efficiency trade-off. For absolute inequality, we characterize the Blackorby–Donaldson–Kolm welfare function. Some implications of the lexicographic-type equity used in the paper are also considered. 相似文献
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Xun Lu Dietrich K. Fausten Russell Smyth 《Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies》2013,11(3):227-242
Financial sector development may contribute to economic growth by facilitating capital accumulation and by improving productivity. This article investigates empirically the contribution that financial development may make to these two alternative drivers of economic growth in China using annual data for the period 1952 to 2005. Using cointegration and Granger-causality testing we examine the relationship between financial development and, respectively, capital accumulation and productivity in a time-series vector autoregression (VAR) framework. The substantive findings are that there is either bi-directional Granger causality between financial development and capital accumulation or that Granger causality runs from capital accumulation to financial development, depending on how capital accumulation and financial development are measured. The link between financial development and productivity is found to be statistically weak. 相似文献
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日德财政分权体制对地方经济发展的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
财政分权体制与地方经济发展的关联性在理论界并没有达成共识。目本、德国“二战”以采财政分权体制在促进地方经济发展中都采取了较为合理的制度安排,不同程度地促进了国家、地区间的经济发展,但是也存在着有待改进的方面。两国的经验对深化和完善我国财政分权体制同样具有启示意义。 相似文献