SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO LOGISTICS,MARKETING, PRODUCTION,AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

The renaming of the Council of Logistics Management (CLM) to the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP) ushered in some interesting definitional dialogue and debate within the practitioner and academic communities. Inherent in emerging definitions is the notion that SCM encompasses activities traditionally considered aspects of production, logistics, marketing, and operations management. Defining SCM in such a broad scope (i.e., a “within” and “across” functions perspective), while considered by many scholars as the true representation of the essence of SCM, creates confusion regarding the appropriate organizational level within a business that is best suited for managerial decision making regarding the phenomenon. This paper contributes to the emerging SCM dialogue by highlighting the functional spaces (the “within” function perspective), relationships, and conceptual overlaps (the “across” functions perspective) between marketing, logistics, production, operations, and supply chain management. By comparing and contrasting the literature‐based conceptual boundaries of each discipline, a framework is proposed that more clearly captures the essence of the SCM decision making sphere. Managerial insights and future research implications are presented.     

The Role of Marketing Channels in Supply Chain Management

This paper synthesizes five decades of supply chain-related research from premier managerially oriented marketing journals and provides a state-of-the-art integration and forecasting of where the field is heading. Such a review identifies where the field of supply chain management (SCM) has been, where it is, and where it is likely to go within the domain of marketing. Importantly, our paper involves a strategic discovery of the anchoring of SCM thought in marketing. A prominent feature of this paper is a set of takeaways, delineated from the cross-section of SCM literature bases (marketing channels, logistics, purchasing, and operations management) that will facilitate the development of the topic of SCM in marketing. These takeaways serve as agenda setters for future research and potential applications of SCM in marketing. Overall, we contribute to the marketing and SCM literatures by (1) reviewing the breadth of the most impactful literature on SCM that is directly connected to the field of marketing, (2) summarizing the state-of-the-art of the SCM in marketing literature, and (3) forecasting via a series of integrated takeaways what research is needed and where the SCM in marketing is likely to progress.     

THE DOMAIN AND SCOPE OF SCM'S FOUNDATIONAL DISCIPLINES — INSIGHTS AND ISSUES TO ADVANCE RESEARCH

The authors examine and take stock of the changing nature and landscape surrounding supply chain management, and the related disciplines of purchasing, operations management, logistics and marketing channels of distribution. They identify, describe and synthesize the nature of research in those academic disciplines that are identified to be some of the objectives with respect to supply chain management's integration goals. Their examination highlights the considerable evolution and significant advances occurring within and among these disciplines. Additionally, they find this new landscape to provide both insights and issues for scholarship to those attempting to understand the evolving nature of supply chain management and its related fields. Such insights and issues suggest a number of proposals for progress with regard to SCM's future development.     

The myth of the dragon: Operations management in today's China

Manufacturing is absolutely booming in China, which has become a prime target for direct foreign investment. However, manufacturing in China does not always operate the way that Westerners expect it to. In this article, we examine China's manufacturing operations in light of the influence of the country's recent economic and social history, the diversity of its regions, and its national culture. We conclude that while Chinese manufacturing has issues to face and obstacles to overcome, things will only continue to improve, making China even more of a major player in the global manufacturing scene.     

A linguistic decision process in group decision making

Assuming a set of linguistic preferences representing the preferences of the individuals, a linguistic choice process is presented. This is developed using the concept of fuzzy majority for deriving a collective linguistic preference, and the concept of nondominated alternatives for deriving the selected alternatives in the linguistic choice process. The fuzzy majorities are equated with fuzzy linguistic quantifiers. The collective linguistic preference is derived by means of a linguistic ordered weighted averaging operator whose weights are defined using a fuzzy linguistic quantifier. In order to obtain the nondominated alternatives, we present a novel reformulation of Orlovski's nondominance degree under linguistic information.     

Supply Chain Integration and the SCOR Model

The Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model has been widely adopted in many companies. Anecdotal evidence and trade journals have reported significant improvements after firms have adopted the SCOR model. Although practitioners have been enthusiastic about implementing and using the SCOR model in their operations, the SCOR model has not been empirically validated. The purpose of this study is to empirically validate the SCOR model (i.e., test the structure of the SCOR model). Data from 125 North American manufacturing firms were collected. The results show that the relationships among the supply chain processes in the SCOR model are generally supported. The Plan process has significant positive influence on the Source, Make, and Deliver processes. The Source process has significant positive influence on the Make process and the Make process has significant positive influence on the Deliver process. The Source process mediates the impact of the Plan process on the Make process and the Make process mediates the impact of the Plan process on the Deliver process. The findings provide managers with empirical evidence that the SCOR model is in fact valid.     

Two-Party Negotiation Modeling: An Integrated Fuzzy Logic Approach

Game theoretic models attempted to predict unique equilibrium outcomes of negotiations with limited success. The imprecise character of negotiation is often altered to fit the game theorist's exacting approach. Alternative models deviated from the formal game theoretic approach and attempted to accommodate concepts such as negotiator power and time pressure. In this paper, we introduce a model which uses a fuzzy logic approach to deal with the imprecision in the negotiation process and to integrate several negotiation theories. The new model is used to simulate multiple-issue, two-party negotiations and results are consistent with established negotiation theories.     

经管类专业运筹学课程教学模式的探索

运筹学是高等院校经济管理类专业一门实践性很强的专业基础课,本文在阐述运筹学教学重要意义的基础上,分析了我校经管类专业运筹学教学过程中存在的主要问题,并从培养学生应用能力的角度出发,根据作者多年的教学经验,结合经管类学生的特点,探讨了通过课堂教学、实践教学和课外学习三个方面的改革,来改善运筹学的教学效果,使学生能够更好的掌握运筹学的思想,提高使用运筹学解决实际管理决策问题的能力.     

物流调度问题的优化方法评述

随着电子商务的发展,物流调度逐渐成为现代物流的关键环节,该环节处理的好坏直接影响到对客户需求的响应速度,客户对物流环节的满意度以及服务商的配送成本。物流调度问题是一个NP难题,在对物流调度问题进行直观描述的基础上建立数学模型,对求解这一问题的方法进行评述,提出了物流调度问题及软计算理论的进一步研究方向。     

认知无线电系统中利用模糊逻辑的频谱分配

为了较全面地分析频谱分配问题,突出系统的效益和公平性能,提出了一种利用模糊逻辑的认知无线电频谱分配方案。首先给出模糊逻辑系统（FLS）的概念,然后利用FLS综合分析感知空闲频谱和次用户的特性,最后结合系统吞吐量最大、公平性和随机分配3种准则将空闲频谱分配给次用户使用。仿真结果证实了方案的可行性。     

公共危机管理能力的多层次模糊综合评价

科学和正确地评价政府危机管理能力,是实现政府全面危机管理的基础。全面辨识和分析影响公共部门危机管理能力的因素,设计科学的危机管理能力评价指标体系,选择合适的评价方法和模型,才能做到有的放矢,保障社会安全。模糊数学的基本原理的引入,对于建立危机管理能力的评价模型,对其进行定量评价提供了有效的方法。     

International sourcing of services: the “Homeshoring” alternative

The offshoring and outsourcing of service work from high-wage to low-wage countries has received considerable exposure in the popular press. Here, an alternative to offshoring is presented, called “Homeshoring.” In Homeshoring, a process is decoupled, just as it would be if it were offshored, but the work is sent to low-wage areas within a firm’s own country, rather than to another country. Homeshoring does not represent merely “domestic sourcing,” as it implies a new relationship and a working relationship with governmental economic development agencies. The benefits and disadvantages of this strategic choice are examined.     

Using AI Techniques in the Grocery Industry: Identifying the Customers Most Likely to Defect

The food retailing market has reached a mature stage where companies need to be competitive if they are to survive. Customers are ever more demanding and retailers need to design and introduce new ways of learning about their customers if they are to retain them (Leeflang & Van Raaij ). This article examines the efficiency of the LAMDA classifier (Learning Algorithm Machine for Data Analysis) (Aguado ; Aguado et al. ) in identifying customer's behaviour; specifically examining which customers are most likely to defect when a new retailer appears on the scene. The study carried out in this project is based on data gathered from a Spanish grocery chain: Supermercats Pujol, SA – ‘Plus Fresc’, winner of the 1998 Global Electronic Marketing Award, www.plusfresc.es     

企业运用知识管理的评价模型及对策分析

随着知识经济时代的来临,知识管理在现代企业中的运用越来越重要,根据国内部分企业实际运用知识管理的情况,在获取调查数据的基础上建立知识管理的评价模型,对国内企业运用知识管理现状进行评价,通过知识管理的实施给企业带来社会效益和经济效益。     

Art of the possible or fool's errand? Diffusion of large-scale management innovation

Organizations are continually challenged to increase efficiency and improve performance despite frequent cuts to personnel and budgets. These challenges force organizations to identify, develop, and diffuse various management innovations. Diffusion efforts are often met by resistance, reluctance, or ambivalence, resulting in what many consider to be a fool's errand. While management innovation may not be the forte of large, bureaucratic organizations, we present a case study of a U.S. Air Force maintenance, repair, and overhaul organization that has recently, and successfully, diffused a large-scale management innovation. Results from the case study support the development of a diffusion of innovation framework that identifies important mechanisms associated with the acceptance, routinization, and assimilation of management innovation. The framework informs leaders of the diffusion process, while the recommended actions of relentless leadership, deliberate development of personnel, and enterprise involvement drive diffusion efforts and help leaders achieve desired results in innovation diffusion and associated performance improvement. Overall, we assert that the pursuit of management innovation is not necessarily beyond the art of the possible for business leaders.     

关于信息战概念若干问题的探讨

<正> 上海外贸出口在我国占有重要地位。从50年代末到80年代中期曾连续27年雄居全国榜首。在改革开放中,随着外贸体制改革、经营权下放和专业外贸独家经营状况改变,上海外贸出口在80年代中后期一度处于下降、徘徊局面。从1992年起,由于各路出口大军形成,特别是外商投资企业出口贸易迅速发展,上海外贸出口又迅速崛起,呈稳定增长态势,1997年居全国第二位。 在上海外贸出口发展中,国有外贸企业究竟处于什么样的地位?“三资”企业究竟起什么样的作用?它们发展出口存在哪些差异和困难?“三资”企业有哪些有益机制可供国有外贸企业吸取和借鉴?这些是社会各界十分关心的热点问题。笔者通过深入调查,对此作了比较研究,从中得出应有的启示和结论。     

语言交际图式对目标管理的启示

著名逻辑学家周礼全先生曾概括陈述了语言交际图式的基本思想,表达了人们在交际过程中意图传递的基本图式。借鉴这个基本图式,可以构建目标管理中目标传达与执行的逻辑图式,这个图式为目标管理中各种保障目标实现的策略提供了基本的逻辑学依据,并为管理策略创新与组织目标的成功实施提供了基本思维图式。