管好用好信贷登记系统两招

人民银行信贷登记咨询系统经过几年的建设目前已实现全国联网，在全国范围内推广使用。该系统中存储了大量的数据，包括贷款卡的发放情况、借款人的资产负债情况、企业大事记、各种财务指标等，是非常宝贵的信息资料，它能为各金融机构提供方便的查询功能，对了解借款人的资信情况，防止金融诈骗，保护金融债权，打击恶意逃废债等方面起到很大的作用。     

银行信贷登记咨询系统全国联网的主要业务规范

中国人民银行总行决定，银行信贷登记咨询系统将于近期完成全国联网，联网后，系统具有备份数据正常上报省域和总行、异地数据正常流转、正常进行前台查询管理操作等功能。届时借款人只需向注册地人民银行分支机构申请办理一张贷款卡，便可在全国范围内向金融机构申请办理贷款、承兑汇票、信用证、保函、授信及与之相关的担保业务；金融机构将可以录入全国范围内借款人的信贷数据，查询与录入全国范围内借款人的信贷数据，查询与其发生或申请发生信贷业务关系的本、异地借款人的概况、资信情况等；人民银行总行及分支机构将对全国或省辖范围内借款人的信贷运行情况进行更为有效的监控。     

当前基层信贷登记系统运行中的问题及对策思考

银行信贷登记咨询系统在江西省赣州市推广应用以来,该系统在防范化解金融风险,提高信贷资产质量,规范借款人的信用行为等方面发挥了积极作用,取得一定的成效.主要表现在:一是市中心数据库涵盖全市所有企事业单位、个体工商户的信贷业务数据和资信状况,能及时地为各金融机构提供咨询服务;二是系统在防范化解金融风险,提高商业银行信贷资产质量方面发挥重要作用.据统计仅2002年各行(社)通过系统查询发现15户申请贷款的借款人有大量逾期贷款,且有效抵押物严重不足,因此共取消了1200多万元的贷款意向,避免了因对借款人资信的失查而造成的信贷风险;三是该系统为重塑老区社会信用状况,增强借款人的信用观念,规范借款人的信用行为等方面发挥越来越重要的作用,对那些信用观念差,靠骗银行借款过日子的借款人,咨询系统已经成为他们难以逾越的鸿沟.     

滁州人行信贷登记咨询系统网络防火墙建设方案

一、背景情况介绍 人民银行总行在全国范围内推广的银行信贷登记咨询系统,经过四年的建设,目前已具相当规模,即将实现全国联网。该系统中存储了大量的数据,包括贷款卡的发放情况、借款人的资产负债情况、企业大事记、各种财务指标等,是非常宝贵的信     

金融信贷业务网点查询系统设计

银行信贷登记咨询系统以金融机构为主体 ,以现代化通信和计算机网络技术为手段 ,通过信贷及借款人信息登记 ,全面反映借款人资信情况 ,服务于商业银行对贷款人的信贷资金管理。为满足人行对金融机构进行现场检查的需要 ,督促商业银行及时申报信贷业务 ,弥补现有信贷登记咨询系统无法查询借款人持卡情况和信贷业务无法登记上报等缺陷 ,我们研制开发了一套金融信贷业务网点查询系统。 一、系统模型 通过实施人行信贷登记咨询制度 ,在城市人行信贷登记中央数据库上已经储备了借款人及信贷业务的各种信息。人行到各信贷网点检查信贷业务登记情况…     

住房信贷风险成因及防范措施

一、风险成因 （一）资信风险。目前我国个人资信系统尚未建立,相应的社会化评估和担保机构尚不健全,使银行信贷人员在贷前调查时无法准确判断借款人资信情况,只能依靠借款人单位出具的工资证明来了解借款人的收入情况,而对于借款人的信誉情况、守信程度、是否有劣迹等则无从考察。因此,银行为避免贷款风险就必须投入大量的人力、物力和财力去了解借款人的资信状况,一方面加大了银行的运营成本,另一方面也给借款人带来诸多不便,     

对当前征信系统建设的几点思考

一、当前企业和个人征信系统建设的现状和主要作用 (一)征信系统对金融机构防范金融风险有着重要作用.金融机构可以通过征信系统查询借款人及关系人的所有信用记录,对照商业银行系统内的规定决定是否给予信贷支持,形成了一道防范信贷风险的"防火墙".同时,征信系统还对一些有逾期倾向的借款人产生较好的警示作用,促进了借款人的信用意识.各商业银行都存在由于借款人信用记录不良而被拒贷的情况,非常有效的防范了贷款风险.     

借款人基础信息核对系统设计与实现

银行信贷登记咨询系统在全国各金融机构推广应用以来，取得了良好的应用效果，但由于系统建设处于初级阶段，而实际的信贷业务情况往往复杂多变，因此，人民银行采集借款人基础信息时常出现不全或部分信息不规范的情况，如：金融机构存量贷款中存在不良贷款，且涉及部分“关、停、并、转、死、逃”借款企业，给人民银行登录借款人基础信息带来一定困难，部分借款人信息的准确性得不到保证，致使借款人登记注册类型、经济类型、企业特征、行业分类、企业隶属关系等不能准确登录。银行信贷登记咨询系统要真正发挥作用，必须保证其中央数据库的…     

P2P网贷平台借款人信用风险影响因素研究

本文分析影响P2P网络借贷借款人信用风险的影响因素,并且利用"新新贷"等P2P网贷平台上的数据做实证分析,结果发现,P2P网络借贷借款人的学历、婚姻、房产、车产、工作情况和提供的材料数量对借款人的信用风险均有显著的正向影响,婚姻和工作情况的影响较大。最后,针对P2P网贷平台借款人信用风险提出对策建议。     

银行多了“千里眼”——无锡市银行信贷登记咨询系统已发挥重要作用

如今在无锡市金融机构,信贷部门每办理一 笔借款,必须先“上网”,借助银行信贷登记咨询系统查询客户的资信情况,以减少信贷工作的失误,银行称这一做法为用“千里眼”来洞察客户。无锡市银行信贷登记咨询系统从1999年开始运行以来,通过对全市金融机构信贷业务和借款人信息的登记入库,比较全面地反映了借款人的资信情况,有效的为金融机构提供了借款人信息咨询服务。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.