从专利角度浅析中国食品溯源技术的发展

食品安全溯源是保证食品安全的重要方式,主要是利用自动识别技术和IT技术等,记录从食品原材料的采集到进入消费者餐桌的整个过程中所涉及的各个关键环节的信息,并将这些信息发布到互联网。本文立足于专利信息视角,从国内食品溯源技术专利申请量、IPC分类情况、国内关键技术申请情况进行分析,探讨了国内食品溯源技术的发展过程与行业发展现状,为相关企业明晰行业动态,实现知识产权战略布局提供了有效依据。     

农业投入品生产流通全过程的溯源追踪研究

文章在大数据的背景下,借助国际成熟的条码、RFID载体技术,从企业、零售商、农业投入品等基本数据出发,研究农业投入品的数据采集和溯源追踪。主要分为:面向农业投入品的全过程的数据采集与传输、农业投入品溯源数据中心的建立和溯源追踪的全过程透明化展示。系统的建立对于消费者、企业和政府都将起到良好的作用。     

物联网交易中食品安全溯源体系探究

随着食品网络经营的快速发展,消费者在网上购买到假冒伪劣食品的现象屡见不鲜,网络食品交易纠纷也经常发生,因此网销食品安全逐渐成为人们关注的焦点。实现食品的跟踪追溯是保障食品安全的重要措施。将食品溯源理论与物联网交易相结合,利用物联网技术整合食品产业链数据信息,构建网络交易中食品安全溯源系统,可以使网络终端消费者直接参与食品质量监管,拓宽社会监督渠道,并将极大地促进我国食品安全溯源体系的整体发展。     

发达国家在农产品追溯方面的经验

世界范围内,食品安全危机,如食物中毒、疯牛病、口蹄疫、禽流感等畜禽疾病以及农药残留等频繁发生,严重影响了人们的身体健康,引起了全世界的广泛关注,如何对食品有效跟踪和追溯,已成为一个极为迫切的全球性课题.部分发达国家在农产品追溯方面起步较早,可以为我国的农产品流通追溯体系建设提供一些借鉴.一、美国《易腐农产品法案》推动食品可追溯性技术发展颁布于1930年的美国《易腐农产品法案》(Perishable Agricultural CommodiTies ACt,PACA)影响到了食品追踪链条上的各个环节,该法案要求执行更加严格的食品可追溯性相关规定,这些规定包括条码标签及电子系统的应用.条码技术是食品可追溯性的首要保障环节,它不仅易于实施,同时有助于农产品种植商改变和更新对农产品信息的记录内容和方法.条码标签在整个农产品种植商运营和运输流程中的使用,使管理者能够更轻松地在产品的整个生命周期中对其进行追溯.一旦发生食品引发的疾病,这种可追溯性能够让种植商快速查看记录并确定有问题的农产品是否来自自己的农场,及时通知合作伙伴并发出警告,从而有助于在爆发因食品导致的大规模严重疾病之前,挽救生命、为企业争取时间、挽回金钱和声誉.实施可追溯性技术的另一大优势体现在供应链整体效率方面:通过部署适当的可追溯性解决方案,能够对保鲜期要求严格的食品实现更好的库存控制、更快的处理和周转.     

内蒙古自治区条码技术的应用现状分析及建议性推广方案

我国条码技术的推广和应用自上个世纪八十年代开始。为了把条码工作要面向市场,适应加入WTO的需要,满足我国经济发展的需求,中国物品编码中心于2003年4月启动"中国条码推进工程"。本文基于对内蒙古自治区进行的一次条码技术应用现状的调查结果进行了分析,得出了在该区条码技术的应用还有很大的局限性和可发展性。之后通过与国内其他发达城市条码技术的应用发展状况进行对比,剖析了内蒙古地区条码技术的发展方向,最后提出一些条码技术在该区推广的方法。     

RFID技术仓储管理中的应用

在当前的仓库管理中,一般利用条码技术来进行对货物信息的采集。但条码技术必须通过条码扫描仪进行扫描和读取才能看到,并且条码技术有着储存容量较小和记录的信息无法更改的缺点。这就造成工作人员在工作时必须亲自对每件商品的条码进行扫描,如果一旦出现条码毁损或丢失,扫描仪就没有办法对货物进行扫描和识别,再更改信息时必须要重新贴上标签或条码。这样既增多了工作程序,又浪费了人力资源,同时增加物流的消耗。所以,条码技术越来越难以符合人们工作的需求,从而影响物流效益。本文主要论述RFID技术在仓储管理中的应用,补充和解决条码技术的缺点,从而更好地提高效益。     

试论条码技术在医院固定资产管理中的基础应用

由于固定资产管理在我国医院经营管理中的重要性,怎样实现高效的固定资产管理成为讨论的热点。本文聚焦于被越来越多医院所广泛应用的条码技术,分析条码技术对解决医院固定资产管理中存在问题所发挥的作用,发现条码技术可对医院固定资产管理实现如下优化:条码系统优化固定资产管理流程,解决账务管理问题;条码系统通过对固定资产的全程跟踪,解决人工管理混乱问题;条码系统通过手持设备进行盘点,提高盘点效率。本文认为未来的条码技术将会促使医院的固定资产管理走向精细化管理,全面提高固定资产管理的效率、水平和准确率。     

二维码用于食品溯源数据库营销的总体设计

针对当前食品溯源系统中消费者主动溯源率低、与企业销售系统融合率、市场指导生产滞后等问题,本文提出了二维码用于食品溯源数据库营销的总体设计方案。     

二维条码技术在外资登记管理中的应用

二维条码技术是在计算机的应用实践中产生和发展起来的一种自动识别技术。超市中常用的带有条形码识读器的收款机,运用的是一维条码技术。二维条码储存的信息量要大大超过一维条码,可以快速、准确地进行数据采集输入,解决了手工数据输入速度慢、错误率高等造成的“瓶颈”难题。     

基于纳米条码的食品可追溯系统构想

本文采用纳米条码作为食品个体鉴别的关键技术,构想食品可追溯系统的基本框架。系统首先生成标记食品个体的纳米条码,再与包装生产环节的批号相结合转化成为电子编码储存于电子标签中,然后进入流通环节与市场信息平台相连接,实现食品安全信息的追溯。     

Carbon information on vegetables: How does it affect the buying process?

Information on the climate impact of a food product has practically not been communicated in Germany, even though it could provide important acknowledgement of producers’ actions in low‐carbon production. So far, carbon labelling has predominantly been discussed without taking into account German consumers’ opinions (proven by empirical data) on this issue, even though involving the consumer in the considerations of a Carbon Label is essential for its success. Especially the question, if information on the product carbon footprint is a considerable factor within the search process of a purchase decision, was of special interest in this work. To answer these questions, we analysed consumers’ information‐seeking behaviour using an information display matrix (IDM) experiment with 232 participants. The IDM is a process tracing technique which allows to track the information search in a buying process. Our results show that basically the place of origin is the most important criterion for the purchase decision, followed by price and production method (conventional/organic). In contrast, the sustainability information (i.e., carbon footprint and water consumption) are at a low level of importance. Comparing two locally produced products with the help of a multinominal logistic regression‐model, it seems that the group of consumers preferring organic products is influenced in the purchase decision by the carbon footprint information. In summary it can be stated that although some people may be basically interested in carbon labelling of fresh food, the purchase decision would probably be hardly influenced by a carbon label on vegetables at present. The majority of people are more concerned about factors like origin and price so that Carbon Labelling would only be a viable option for a small group of consumers.     

基于复杂方法的食品冷链物流技术植入研究

如何有效地把各种食品冷链物流技术恰当运用到各类食品物流体系中,使食品物流体系形成统一化管理模式,成为当前食品管理中亟待解决的问题。文章以流程分析为核心,采用价值—过程—技术系统集成设计方法定位冷链价值,构建价值、过程、技术各级层次结构模型,加强技术、流程与价值的对应,同时生成冷链价值系统模型、冷链流程系统模型和冷链物流技术系统模型。并采用模糊0-1规划分析法进行验证,最终确定物流技术植入方案。整个食品冷链物流技术植入过程结合实证研究对象,整体采用多种方法集成设计的思想,使冷链物流技术植入过程更加具有科学性和实用价值。     

Domesday marketing? From an inaugural lecture

Significant change in segmenting and targeting markets over the last decade or so is the theme here. The paper is composed of several story‐lines that later merge. For example, there is the tracing of the progression from demographics to psychographics and then to geo‐demographics. In parallel with this is the trend toward “individualism” an implication here is that customers want to be treated as individuals. Another line in the story concerns marketing's search for greater discriminatory and targeting power of segmenting bases and this leads to the increasing use of information technology in more personalized market research and in the use of databases. So, we may increasingly want to be treated as individuals and at the same time technology is not only providing marketers with more individualized market information but also with the means to target us as individuals. For a final explanation of the title, read on!     

Consumer acceptance of irradiated food: A study of symbolic adoption

Previous research reveals mixed signals regarding the potential for consumer acceptance of irradiated food. Consumer acceptance seems to depend upon the nature and amount of information provided about irradiation. Survey research finds that only about 20–30% of respondents initially express favourable opinions of irradiation with some cautionary signals concerning consumer suspicion of the process and its benefits to the public. Some laboratory experiments and market tests, on the other hand, indicate a willingness of the consumer to accept a high quality, government-approved product, especially when irradiation is placed within the context of alternative pest and bacteria control treatments. However, these studies fail to provide the consumer with negative information about irradiation. This study examines the relative impact of social persuasion and both favourable and unfavourable information on consumer acceptance of food irradiation. The study takes the approach that consumer acceptance is a social process, wherein acceptance becomes subject to societal approval through word-of-mouth conversations. Previous literature suggests that social persuasion, particularly negative social persuasion, should outweigh favourable information on consumer acceptance of a new technology. This proposition is supported by the results of our study, which indicates that responses that were initially favourable to irradiation, especially those opinions formed in the absence of unfavourable information, should be interpreted with caution. The study supports previous research, therefore, suggesting that industry and governmental agencies would benefit from close inspection of societal attitudes towards the food irradiation process.     

论食品检验检测的质量控制

食品是人们生存和发展的物质基础,做好食品质量检验和控制工作是提升食品安全性的关键。技术人员和研究人员应对食品检测过程中应用到的技术、设备和检测环境等因素进行充分了解,保证食品检验工作能够长期有效进行。本文分析了技术人员在食品检测工作中已出现的问题和采取的可行措施,全面地保证食品质量。     

新技术在食品微生物检验检测中的应用

近年来,随着国内分子生物学技术以及微电子技术水平的不断提高,食品微生物的检验检测准确性、可靠性也随之提升。本文将对食品微生物检验的主要内容进行分析,并在此基础上就检验检测过程中应用的新技术进行研究,仅供参考。     

罐头食品杀菌技术研究现状

在食品加工的过程中,杀菌技术有效地使罐头食品安全得到保障,在一定程度上让细菌、霉菌等微生物对其的损伤降低。本文分析了各类杀菌技术对本国罐头食品领域产生的作用,一定程度上改进了罐头食品的质量和营养,展示了现代高效灭菌技术在罐头食品领域中的良好前景。     

试论食品生化技术在发酵工程中的应用

简单介绍了食品生化技术的定义和分类及生化技术对发酵工程等技术工程产生的重要影响,以使其在食品发酵生产过程中的应用愈加广泛.     

信息技术与食品产业竞争力的提升

食品产业竞争力的强弱很大程度的影响着一国的经济。从产业链及产业价值链的相关理论出发,构建了食品产业价值链系统与价值通道体系,并从信息技术的应用对于食品产业价值链体系中产业业务流程重组、业务外包、产业价值链联盟等方面的作用进行分析,突出体现了信息技术在食品产业竞争力提升中的重要作用。     

Nutritional labelling information: Utilisation of new technologies

Abstract

The increase in food-related diseases in society has led to a variety of public policy and private sector initiatives, such as the use of nutritional labels. Although nutritional labels have been shown to be broadly effective in terms of informing food choice, their influence is moderated by a variety of factors, such as how information is conveyed and processed by consumers. Recent advances in technology might overcome these limitations. Using a choice experiment, this paper examines consumer preferences for alternative technological devices that may aid consumer processing of nutritional information on food packaging. The results show which attributes of the technology consumers prefer, and identifies three distinct segments of consumers (‘information hungry innovators’, ‘active label readers’, and ‘onlookers’), and differences between them in relation to their preferences, demographics, and psychographic characteristics. The identification of segments is a novel aspect of this research, and highlights the importance of finding more customised solutions to the communication of nutritional information – an issue to which technology can contribute.