Changes in industry structure and technological convergence: implications for competition policy and regulation in telecommunications

The two leading US long-distance carriers—AT&T and MCI—have recently been acquired by two of the four major incumbent local exchange carriers—SBC and Verizon—and shortly thereafter, the new AT&T (SBC and the old AT&T) acquired BellSouth. Contemporaneously, alternatives to traditional voice communications provided by cable television and internet- based providers indicate a shifting of competition from a single voice market to the “triple play” of voice, video, and high-speed data. These developments imply a fundamentally different model of competition and industry structure than the one of “dominant firms” supplying essential inputs to new entrants for traditional voice service that was envisioned in the 1996 US Telecommunications Act, as implemented by Federal Communications Commission. In response to these developments, state governments, the FCC, and Canadian authorities have enacted legislative or regulatory changes that limit retail price regulation to services such as the basic residential telephone line. Approaches for assessing market power and other competitive issues that account for the specific characteristics of the emerging (converging) industry are also discussed. The paper concludes by describing the implications of the emerging nature of telecommunications competition for future ex ante and/or ex post regulation, market power assessment, continued regulation, and antitrust analyses.

期权定价与金融监管模式的理性分析

本文通过分析期权定价中信息的作用以及最优投资问题,阐述了金融市场的管制和放松管制是在投资者的最优收益和市场的稳定程度两者之间权衡的。如果金融市场的管制增加,投资者的最优收益将减少。在开放经济条件下,公司的国际竞争力将处于劣势。相反,放松金融市场的管制,虽然有助于投资者在国际市场中的竞争,但要以牺牲市场的稳定为代价。在充分信息化后,适当放松管理制是可行的。     

新疆人口分布与土地资源承载力协调的量化评价与分析

本文采用相对资源承载力的思路和分析方法,通过对新疆不同区域和县市人口分布与土地资源承载力的分析,得出：新疆协调较好的区域和县市占比较高;目前新疆人口土地资源承载力虽属相对富裕状态,但有趋向临界值的态势。按照发达国家的经验,随着人口增长和经济发展,人均粮食消耗量会不断增加,因此,新疆要努力提高土地产出率,控制人口增长,使社会经济协调发展。     

Optimal pricing and ordering policy for deteriorating inventory under trade credit in demand declining market

In market, the retailer tries to sell the product at much higher price than the purchase cost. In this study, an attempt is made to develop optimal ordering and pricing policy for a retailer when the supplier offers a credit period to settle the account. The demand of a product is declining with time and units in the retailer＇s inventory are subject to constant deterioration. An algorithm is developed to determine the optimal selling price and the ordering quantity to maximize the retailer＇s profit. The numerical examples are given to support the development of the mathematical model. The sensitivity analysis of critical parameters is carried out to observe the changes in the decision variables and objective function.     

我国高效生态经济发展趋向及对策建议

生态经济是理论与实践相结合的结果,是理论与实践相互促进的演进过程.经过三十多年的努力,我国生态经济理论研究取得了很大进展,生态经济实践取得了丰硕的成果.在高效生态经济大发展的背景下,需要明晰高效生态经济的发展趋向,需要进一步深化对高效生态经济的理论探索,需要不断创新高效生态经济对策.     

科技创新与边疆经济可持续发展战略

在经济全球化、知识化的今天,我们必须突破传统经济发展的格局,走可持续发展之路.可持续发展战略是我国经济发展的客观需要,也是推动我国加快经济国际化发展的迫切需求,更是科技创新的战略基础.可持续发展战略以科技创新为基础,以科技创新为动力.通过科技创新构建科技经济一体化的创新体系,将使我们有能力面对加入WTO的新挑战.     

循环产业集群是西部跨越式绿色发展的有效途径

在新的历史条件下,西部欠发达地区必须走跨越式绿色发展之路.文章从产业组织的视角出发,分析比较了产业集群与循环经济模式单独运行的优劣势,研究了西部要实现跨越式绿色发展的可能途径.研究结果表明,仅仅依靠传统的产业集群和单一的循环经济模式无法实现西部地区的跨越式绿色发展,只有采用循环产业集群这一新型的产业组织模式,才能真正实现经济效益和生态效益的双赢.因此,循环产业集群确实是西部欠发达地区实现跨越式发展的有效途径.