加强知识产权保护 促进我国外贸发展

知识产权保护有利于提高出口企业的产品竞争力,提升我国加工贸易的水平,引进发达国家技术密集型投资,避免出口企业遭遇知识产权壁垒,缓解出口涉及到的知识产权问题。但是,目前我国知识产权保护中存在很多问题,包括知识产权保护立法不健全、频繁遭受知识产权争端、知识产权保护意识不强、专利申请的行业竞争力弱、专利申请的企业技术创新力弱、国际专利申请的企业很少。本文针对我国知识产权保护的问题,提出了加强知识产权保护的基本措施。     

经济全球化下的高新技术产品贸易特征

经济全球化的竞争是科技的竞争,在贸易领域表现为高新技术产品正成为国际贸易竞争的焦点。高新技术产品贸易在国际竞争中具有收益递增、国际梯度转移、产业内贸易指数高的明显特征,在该领域的贸易摩擦集中表现在知识产权争端和技术性贸易壁垒上,发达国家垄断了国际高新技术产品贸易,通过政府的保护和扶持可以获得在该领域的国际竞争优势。     

中国在发展对外经贸实践中从比较优势到竞争优势的理论转向浅析

建立在亚当·斯密绝对成本学说基础上的大卫·李嘉图的比较优势说在中国改革开放之初成为指导中国参与国际分工的理论依据。近年来随着中国经济实力的增长,为防止跌入“比较利益陷阱”,并研究当今新的国际经济环境和国际市场竞争特点,发挥竞争优势更能适应当今国际贸易竞争的特点。继而引发了对中国如何将比较优势转化为竞争优势,并发挥竞争优势的思考。     

中日韩三国货物贸易的比较优势和竞争优势分析

针对中日韩三国货物贸易的比较优势和竞争优势,提出运用RCA和TC指数进行实证分析。结果表明,与日韩相比,中国开放型经济需要由比较优势向竞争优势转型,摒弃单纯追求出口数量而不注重出口质量的出口导向战略,转变以劳动密集型和资源密集型产品为比较优势的贸易结构,提高外商投资水平和产业链中的科技含量,大力发展具有竞争优势的产业。     

我国农产品出口的竞争优势分析

随着现代社会结构的深入变迁和科学技术的不断进步,世界经济一体化不断深化,国家与国家之间贸易往来越来越频繁,我国对外贸易额也在不断增长,尤其在加入世界贸易组织以来,我国贸易平台更加广阔,交易额节节攀升。与此同时,农产品作为出口的商品之一,其出口额在我国出口贸易中占一席之地,而且交易额稳步上升,但是农产品出口优势逐年下降,如何提高农产品的国际竞争优势不仅是为了扩大我国优势农产品的出口,而且同时也是为了应对复杂的国际环境对国内农产品市场的冲击,进而达到保护和加快本国农业发展的目的。本文阐述了我国出口贸易现状,评价了我国的出口竞争优势,分析了我国农产品出口竞争优势中存在的不足和制约因素,提出了我国农产品出口优势的政策建议。     

中韩工业制品比较优势及出口相似性分析

本文运用显性比较优势指数和产品出口相似度指数对中国与韩国工业制成品出口结构进行了实证分析。研究结果表明,中国与韩国在工业制成品上的出口相似度正在逐步提高,出口结构正逐渐趋于收敛,双方在第三方市场上的竞争逐渐加剧,中国与韩国对外贸易关系正从原来的互补关系逐渐转化为竞争关系,且竞争日渐激烈。文章对中韩两国贸易模式转变的原因进行了探讨,并提出了相应建议。     

谈FDI引进与江西外贸竞争优势的提升

利用外商直接投资(FDI)的根本目的应该是培养自己的创新能力,提高工业制成品,特别是高技术含量产品的出口竞争力,推动产业结构的优化,促进出口结构向高技术产品出口结构迁移。江西省利用FDI缓解了资金不足问题,促进了外贸出口,但在外贸竞争优势的培育上仍存在不足。本文认为创造充分的竞争环境、加大引资与结构调整力度、注重大型跨国公司的引入、铸造和强化自有知识产权的品牌是培育江西外贸竞争优势的有效途径。     

我国知识产权密集型产业国际竞争优势研究

大众创业和万众创新已然成为新时期的鲜明主题,在极极推行"互联网+"的大背景下,知识产权保护和运用能更好地使全社会创新、创业的潜能有效地发挥出来。创新成果的交易和转化速度呈现突飞猛进的势头,这样势必将成为经济社会稳步前进的中坚力量。知识产权作为科学技术创新和生产力之间相互转化的枢纽,把科学技术创新的突出优势转变为相关产业的竞争优势,这凸显了科学技术创新在提升知识产权密集型产业国际竞争优势的关键作用。本文系统梳理了国内外有关知识产权的研究形势,阐述了知识产权密集型产业在发展中存在的不足,依据现今全球研究和发展经验,针对我国知识产权密集型产业国际竞争优势,提出了具体的可行性策略。     

中印软件外包的比较研究-基于国家竞争优势理论

近年来,国际软件外包产业发展十分迅猛,中国和印度同为发展中国家,但是在软件外包出口领域却有很大的差距,2007年中国的外包出口仅为印度的6.73%,本文试图利用波特的国家竞争优势理论来分析中印发展国际软件外包产业的差距,并相应的提出一些我估发展国际软件外包的意见和建议。     

中印软件外包的比较研究-基于国家竞争优势理论

近年来,国际软件外包产业发展十分迅猛,中国和印度同为发展中国家,但是在软件外包出口领域却有很大的差距,2007年中国的外包出口仅为印度的6.73%,本文试图利用波特的国家竞争优势理论来分析中印发展国际软件外包产业的差距,并相应的提出一些我估发展国际软件外包的意见和建议。     

Firm-level comparative advantage

We study the consequences of heterogeneity in factor intensity on firm performance. We present a standard Heckscher–Ohlin model augmented with factor intensity differences across firms within a country–industry pair. We show that for any two firms, each of whose capital intensity is, for instance, one percent above (below) its respective country–industry average, the relative marginal cost of the firm in the capital-intensive industry of the capital-abundant country is lower (higher) than that of the other firm. Our empirical analysis, conducted using data for a large panel of European firms, supports this prediction. These results provide a novel approach to the verification of the Heckscher–Ohlin theory and new evidence on its validity.     

当代物业企业竞争中的比较优势

<正>新经济时代,即知识经济时代的到来,以其空前扩张的速度替代着传统的劳动和资本密集型经济,由此引起了企业在资源配置、经营理念、管理模式、市场运作等方方面面的颠覆性变革,迫使企业战略制定者不得不对企     

Airplanes and comparative advantage

Airplanes are a fast but expensive means of shipping goods, a fact which has implications for comparative advantage. The paper develops a Ricardian model with a continuum of goods which vary by weight and hence transport cost. Comparative advantage depends on relative air and surface transport costs across countries and goods, as well as stochastic productivity. A key testable implication is that the U.S. should import heavier goods from nearby countries, and lighter goods from faraway counties. This implication is tested using detailed data on U.S. imports from 1990 to 2003. Looking across goods the U.S. imports, nearby exporters have lower market share in goods that the rest of the world ships by air. Looking across exporters for individual goods, distance from the US is associated with much higher import unit values. These effects are large, which establish that the model identifies an important influence on specialization and trade.     

Airplanes and comparative advantage

Airplanes are a fast but expensive means of shipping goods, a fact which has implications for comparative advantage. The paper develops a Ricardian model with a continuum of goods which vary by weight and hence transport cost. Comparative advantage depends on relative air and surface transport costs across countries and goods, as well as stochastic productivity. A key testable implication is that the U.S. should import heavier goods from nearby countries, and lighter goods from faraway counties. This implication is tested using detailed data on U.S. imports from 1990 to 2003. Looking across goods the U.S. imports, nearby exporters have lower market share in goods that the rest of the world ships by air. Looking across exporters for individual goods, distance from the US is associated with much higher import unit values. These effects are large, which establish that the model identifies an important influence on specialization and trade.     

Technology competition and regulatory advantage

The importance of competition law as a policy lever to help the EU compete at the forefront of science and technology seems to have been overlooked by the Commission. As a consequence, the EU appears to be at a disadvantage to the USA in terms of the regulatory environment for intellectual property and licensing practices. This article examines these differences and explores the pros and cons of the European and American approaches to competition law, ultimately arguing in favour of regulatory harmonisation.     

Achieving a sustainable service advantage

Many managers believe that superior service should play little or no role in competitive strategy; they maintain that service innovations are inherently copiable. However, the author states that this view is too narrow. For a company to achieve a lasting service advantage, it must base a new service on a capability gap that competitors cannot or will not copy.     

Competitive advantage the Toyota way

For a firm to experience long-term sustained competitive advantage it must invest in human resources and deploy its scarce assets in the core areas that can most effectively provide the underpinning of a sustained competitive advantage. Gary R Fane, M Reza Vaghefi, Cheryl Van Deusen and Louis A Woods say that Japanese car maker Toyota is a supreme example of a company that has done just that.     

搜索营销101

全球营销人极力鼓动搜索营销，走在前面的北美营销人，在搜索方面的投入已增加到122亿美元（2007年），相应减少了广告总体开支。不过在中国搜索仍被视为朝阳产业，而不是切实有效的营销渠道。尽管日益提高的市场细分化程度导致ATL媒体（所有线上媒体）覆盖的深度和复杂度有所提高，但与数字技术改变游戏规则并引入大量新的变体和应用相比，线上媒体的变化则相对微不足道。