企业社会责任动机、机制与模式研究——基于管理者价值观视角

基于管理者价值观对企业行为的影响作用,提出了经济性、关系性和道德性企业社会责任的动机类别。在此基础上具体分析不同类别动机对于企业社会责任行动的影响作用,提出了在受到制度环境,以及企业特性等因素影响在内的企业社会责任行动的整合机制模型。最后对不同管理者价值观动机驱动下的可能产生的社会责任行动类型进行了分析。     

企业社会责任行动实施过程影响因素实证研究——基于计划行为理论视角

开展企业社会责任活动的影响因素研究一直受到广泛关注。本文基于计划行为理论,从企业高层管理者视角,构建了企业社会责任行动影响因素及作用机制的假设模型,并且,利用结构方程模型进行了拟合检验。实证研究结果发现:企业社会责任行动的开展与其高管的行为意图、态度、对该行动的主观规范和行为控制感知等因素密切相关。     

企业如何履行社会责任

近来，企业社会责任问题尤其是央企的社会责任行动，是人们关注的热点问题。 谈及企业社会责任的概念和内涵，比较权威的概念是国际标准化组织2010年发布的社会责任指南IS026000，就是将社会和环境的因素纳入决策，并为其决策和活动对社会和环境的影响承担责任的意愿。     

工业革命与企业社会责任：共同演化的视角

企业社会责任是一种新的企业行为方式,这种行为方式深受制度环境、技术变革、社会文化等方面的影响。工业革命是社会价值创造范式的巨大变革,每一次工业革命都是在技术变革基础上驱动社会生产和生活方式的变革,进而引致一系列新的社会问题或加剧现有的社会问题,企业需要以主动的姿态和行动促进这些问题的解决;与此同时,受社会思潮的影响,企业需要履行社会责任以回应社会的压力。通过主动地履行社会责任和对社会压力的回应,企业在三次工业革命时期表现出不同的履责机制。三次工业革命与企业社会责任的发展表现出共同演进的趋势,商人以自觉行动履行社会责任成为第一次工业革命时期的主导企业社会责任形态,公司作为第二次工业革命时期的主导组织形态使得公司取代商人个人成为企业社会责任的主要履责主体,并在第三次工业革命时期朝着“平台主导的企业社会责任”演进。     

当今企业的社会责任和伦理

这些年环绕企业社会责任开展的活动相当活跃。企业离开了社会就无法活动，基于这样一种认识，作为社会存在的企业应当理解自己的责任，应该做什么，不能做什么。从这一点出发，企业社会责任与企业伦理具有相同的主题。     

层次分析法视角下企业社会责任行动评价指标体系构建

企业社会责任行动的重要性已得到了理论界和实践界的普遍认可,但是其行动范畴的边界仍富有争议。利益相关者分析框架为确定企业社会责任行动的对象起到很好的作用,但是由于企业的利益相关群体诉求的不同,增加了企业在资源有限的条件下,为具体社会责任行动分配资源的难度。本文在梳理以往理论文献的研究基础上,运用层次分析法构建利益相关者视角下的企业社会责任行动的评价体系,根据科学的评价方法来判断各类社会责任行动的优先次序,以及具体行动的实施水平,从而帮助企业提高履行社会责任的效率。     

论社会责任对企业成长性的作用机理

影响企业成长性的因素众多，社会责任的履行作为影响因素之一，日益成为中小企业成长管理的难点与热点。本文基于利益相关者理论、企业社会绩效框架、社会契约理论和企业生命周期理论，研究了社会责任对企业成长性的作用，并构建其机理模型验证社会责任对企业成长的作用途径。     

企业社会责任及其信息披露

所谓社会责任，是指企业在处理社会关系时应为和不应为的责任。社会责任可以按不同标准进行分类，美国全国会计师协会（ＮＡＡ）从社会行动的观点出发，将企业应负担的社会责任区分为参与社区活动、人力资源开发、自然资源利用与环境保护以及提供产品和劳务的责任。一、社...     

生存的责任

是为了生存而承担社会责任，还是为了承担社会责任而生存?社会责任问题正在以各种各样的方式影响着中国的企业。由于社会责任运动和企业社会责任标准的制定者和实施者的动机和目的不一，加之一些非经济因素的影响，使社会责任问题呈现出复杂化的趋势。正确处理好企业社会责任问题事关中国产业工人的福祉。     

企业社会责任对员工忠诚度的影响

员工对企业的忠诚表现与企业的生存发展密切相关。然而,在影响员工忠诚度的众多因素中,企业社会责任是当前的讨论热点。实证分析表明,企业社会责任各维度对内部员工忠诚度有显著影响,但不同的责任维度对员工忠诚度影响的程度不同,企业伦理责任对员工忠诚度的影响最大,其次是法律责任、慈善责任和经济责任。可见,企业积极履行社会责任不仅是社会对企业公民角色的要求,而且也是企业对人才管理的需要。因此,企业管理者应从社会责任的角度高度重视员工对组织的忠诚度,并应将社会责任的履行落实到人力资源管理实践中。     

How Corporate Social Responsibility Engagement Strategy Moderates the CSR–Financial Performance Relationship

We propose that firm profits are shaped by how firms engage in corporate social responsibility. Recent research on the corporate social responsibility (CSR)–corporate financial performance (CFP) relationship proposes a variety of contextual and organizational factors to create a more robust link. However, few of these studies explore the role of the CSR engagement strategy. Drawing on absorptive capacity theory and related perspectives such as time compression diseconomies, asset mass efficiencies, and path dependence theory, we argue that when a firm engages in CSR slowly and consistently, focuses on related CSR dimensions, and starts with internal dimensions of CSR, CFP will be enhanced. With longitudinal data collected from 130 firms from 1995 to 2007, we find that firms benefit more when they adopt a CSR engagement strategy that is consistent, involves related dimensions of CSR, and begins with aspects of CSR that are more internal to the firm. The pace of the CSR engagement strategy, however, does not moderate the CSR–CFP relationship. This study helps fill the gap in CSR research by showing that, regardless of contextual factors, a firm can choose the proper strategy to enhance the financial benefits of the CSR engagement.     

Relationship between perceptions of corporate social responsibility and organizational cynicism: the role of employee volunteering

This study explores the role of positive corporate social responsibility (CSR) perceptions of employees in reducing cynicism toward the organization. As employee involvement in CSR activities through volunteering could influence the perceptions of CSR among employees, the moderating impact of employee volunteering on the relationship between CSR perceptions and cynicism is also tested. Considering that managers and non-managers can have different perceptions of CSR and organizational realities, the relationship between CSR and organizational cynicism is compared among managerial and non-managerial staff working in large organizations. The analysis of 348 questionnaires collected from 191 managers and 157 non-managers showed that positive perceptions of CSR were negatively correlated with organizational cynicism for both managers and non-managers, with significantly stronger negative correlations among managers. Employee volunteering did not significantly moderate the relationship between CSR and organizational cynicism in both groups. The implications of these results on human resource management theory and practice are discussed.     

Components of CEO Transformational Leadership and Corporate Social Responsibility*

abstract We use transformational leadership theory to explore the role of CEOs in determining the extent to which their firms engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR). We test this theory using data from 56 US and Canadian firms. CEO intellectual stimulation (but not CEO charismatic leadership) is found to be significantly associated with the propensity of the firm to engage in ‘strategic’ CSR, or those CSR activities that are most likely to be related to the firm's corporate and business‐level strategies. Thus, studies that ignore the role of leadership in CSR may yield imprecise conclusions regarding the antecedents and consequences of these activities. We also critique transformational leadership theory, in terms of its overemphasis on charismatic forms of leadership. This leads to a reconceptualization of transformational leadership, which emphasizes the intellectual stimulation component in the context of CSR.     

Corporate Social Responsibility and Social Entrepreneurship

Milton Friedman argued that the social responsibility of firms is to maximize profits. This paper examines this argument for the economic environment envisioned by Friedman in which citizens can personally give to social causes and can invest in profit‐maximizing firms and firms that give a portion of their profits to social causes. Citizens obtain social satisfaction from corporate social giving, but corporate giving may not be a perfect substitute for personal giving. The paper presents a theory of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and shows that CSR is costly when it is an imperfect substitute. When investors anticipate the CSR, shareholders do not bear its cost. Instead, the entrepreneurs who form the CSR firms bear the cost. Shareholders bear the cost of CSR only when it is a surprise, and it is to such surprises that Friedman objects. A social entrepreneur is willing to form a CSR firm at a financial loss because either doing so expands the opportunity sets of citizens in consumption‐social giving space or there is an entrepreneurial warm glow from forming the firm. Firms can also undertake strategic CSR activities that increase profits, and a social entrepreneur carries strategic CSR beyond profit maximization and market value maximization. The paper also examines the implications of taxes and the effect of the market for control for the sustainability of CSR.     

Identifying Worldviews on Corporate Sustainability: A Content Analysis of Corporate Sustainability Reports

Companies commonly issue sustainability or corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports. This study seeks to understand worldviews of corporate sustainability, or the corporate message conveyed regarding what sustainability or CSR is and how to enact it. Content analysis of corporate sustainability reports is used to position each company report within stages of corporate sustainability. Results reveal that there are multiple coexisting worldviews of corporate sustainability, but the most dominant worldview is focused on the business case for sustainability, a position anchored in the weak sustainability paradigm. We contend that the business case and weak sustainability advanced in corporate sustainability reports and by the Global Reporting Initiative are poor representations of sustainability. Ecological embeddedness, or a locally responsive strategy that is sensitive to local ecosystems, may hold the key to improved ecological sensemaking, which in turn could lead to more mature levels of corporate sustainability worldviews that support strong sustainability and are rooted in environmental science. This must be supported by government regulation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Institutional Antecedents of the Corporate Social Responsibility Narrative in the Developing World Context: Implications for Sustainable Development

Efforts to understand the background to perceptions and manifestation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the developing world need to focus on establishing their link with the challenges of socio‐economic governance and societal expectations and cultural traditions. This signifies a departure from a western centric understanding of CSR but also an over‐focus on CSR as philanthropy. This study considers the Malawian tourism industry and finds that its colonial legacy, post‐colonialism development thinking and the national education system explain the prevalence of a ‘CSR as philanthropy’ agenda. When these factors interact with challenges of socio‐economic governance and societal expectations, however, the universality thesis that has often been associated with the theory and implementation CSR can be challenged. These findings therefore suggest a shift from the western centric CSR thinking to a CSR perspective that is strongly grounded in local values and norms and which meets the expectations of the global society. This indicates a way forward if CSR is to be adequately institutionalized in the developing world. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Perceptions of students university of corporate social responsibility

The findings of this article bring knowledge about the understanding of corporate social responsibility from the university students’ perception and their values’ structure in a cross cultural high education context. Primary data collected via a survey in Business Schools at Universities of Spain, Poland and Bulgaria and multivariate analysis evidence that both the values’ structure and university students’ CSR perception are influenced by cross cultural factors. In this High Education context and according to Schwartz’s values theory and the Triple Bottom line, the study reveals different value profiles by gender and nationality and diverse attitudes to CSR perception across these European countries. The result approached is important for organizations to assure the success of strategic purposes implicit on social corporate initiatives.     

Do Board's Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy and Orientation Influence Environmental Sustainability Disclosure? UK Evidence

The environmental implications of corporate economic activities have led to growing demands for firms and their boards to adopt sustainable strategies and to disseminate more useful information about their activities and impacts on environment. This paper investigates the impact of board's corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy and orientation on the quantity and quality of environmental sustainability disclosure in UK listed firms. We find that effective board CSR strategy and CSR‐oriented directors have a positive and significant impact on the quality of environmental sustainability disclosure, but not on the quantity. Our findings also suggest that the existence of a CSR committee and issuance of a stand‐alone CSR report are positively and significantly related to environmental sustainability disclosure. When we distinguish between firms with high and low environmental risk, we find that the board CSR/sustainability practices that affect the quantity (quality) of environmental sustainability disclosure appear to be driven more by highly (lowly) environmentally sensitive firms. These results suggest that the board CSR/sustainability practices play an important role in ensuring a firm's legitimacy and accountability towards stakeholders. Our findings shed new light on this under‐researched area and could be of interest to companies, policy‐makers and other stakeholders. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Management for Sustainable Development and Its Impact on Firm Value in the SME Context: Does Size Matter?

With the increasing demands from society towards sustainable and social responsible business practices, management for sustainable development has become a cornerstone to understand the success of many firms in the current competitive context. This article investigates corporate social responsibility (CSR) and examines the links between CSR practices and business outcomes – both financial and non‐financial (i.e. image and corporate reputation) – for small‐to‐medium sized enterprises (SMEs). In addition, we also attempt to determine whether the impact of such relationships is moderated by firm size. To this end, we carry out a quantitative study using PLS techniques to analyze a sample of SME owners and managers, with a view to test the proposed model in the light of social capital theory. In this sense, our study is pioneering in that it aims to determine – from a quantitative viewpoint – the degree to which firm size has a moderating impact on a series of relevant CSR‐driven outcomes. The data suggest that, in SME contexts, CSR impacts corporate reputation, brand image and financial value of the company. Importantly, we find that the larger the firm, the greater the intensity of the relationships linking CSR and business outcomes. Hence, our findings have important implications for CSR implementation in SME contexts. Finally, we provide a series of guidelines aimed at maximizing the effectiveness of CSR‐based business practices. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Corporate governance and corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting: an empirical evidence from commercial banks (CB) of Pakistan

The aim of this paper is to explore Pakistani listed commercial banks corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting information along with the probable effects of different corporate governance (CG) elements on CSR disclosures. Furthermore, the relevance of different theories in explaining the results of this study is also provided. For analyzing the banks’ CSR reporting practice, which was done using content analysis, the annual reports for the years 2005–2010, of all the commercial banks were examined. Non-executive directors and foreign directors which are elements of CG were considered and multiple regression analyses were carried out to check the impact of CG elements on banks’ CSR reporting initiatives. The results of the study reveal that even though reporting of CSR is voluntary in Pakistan, the participation of Pakistani commercial banks in different CSR activities is not low. Furthermore, the level of CSR activities performed by the banks is impressive. The results displayed that non-executive directors have a positive impact on the CSR reporting supporting stewardship theory in CB of Pakistan. The major limitation of this study is that the data is only based on annual reports of commercial banks of Pakistan. It is therefore, not easier to generalize the findings of this research to other corporate sectors. Secondly the annual reports of commercial banks for the years 2005–2010, a time period of just 6 years were analyzed as access to data before and after the specified years was not readily available. This paper relates CSR disclosure with possible impact of CG in the particular perspective of a transitional economy’s banks such as Pakistan. By providing empirical facts of the effect of CG structure on the CSR activities practices in developing countries’ banking sector setting, this paper provides novel contribution to the current CSR literature.