金融机构集聚:国际金融中心形成过程的新视角

在外部规模经济、知识集聚和信息外溢、市场机制及区域文化影响的共同作用下,各种不同种类金融机构在空间中集聚,并通过与实体经济其他产业的相互促进,逐步形成金融产业集群。金融产业集群提高了金融创新速度和效率,有利于金融机构的风险控制和风险管理及风险分摊,提高了金融机构的运行效率。金融机构进一步空间集聚、金融产业集群的规模进一步扩大,必然伴随着金融影响力的外向发散,跨出区域,跨出国家,金融中心就自然形成了。因此,金融中心的形成过程,就是金融机构的集聚过程,金融机构集聚是一个城市成为金融中心的前提和基础。在这个过程中,政府在许多方面都可以通过制定相关的政策加以引导,形成政府推动型金融中心。     

后疫情时期承德产业集聚对经济高质量发展效应的实证研究

随着后疫情时期的到来以及经济高质量发展的不断推进,承德产业分工受到了较大影响。增强经济“韧性”,加速产业空间集聚,成为承德后疫情时期经济战略方向的重要考量。论文通过构建VAR模型,实证研究承德产业集聚对经济高质量发展的动态效应,结果表明:产业集聚对经济高质量发展具有周期性循环往复效应,制造业与公共服务业集聚效应显著,制造业专业化集聚的贡献率最大。因此,要加大对制造业、公共服务业等产业的支持力度。     

Can industrial agglomeration achieve the emission-reduction effect?

This paper adopted the Meta-constraints efficiency model to measure the environmental efficiency of the industry in China, and then used the spatial panel model to analyze the impact of industrial agglomeration externalities on environmental efficiency. The study found that industrial agglomeration exerted an apparent spatial spillover effect. Different agglomeration degrees and means may be matched with different environmental effects. With the evolution of agglomeration, the balanced effects among negative externality of scale (pollution effect). Marshallian and Jacobs positive externality (self-purification effect) lead to a U-curved tendency between industrial agglomeration and environmental efficiency. Therefore, with the increase of industrial agglomeration degree, the environmental efficiency first decreases and then increases. The effect of industrial agglomeration in the Midwest on the environment is mainly presented as a negative externality of scale, situated in the descending phase of the U curve. However, the effect of eastern industrial agglomeration on the environment mainly manifested as Marshallian and Jacobs positive externalities and was situated close to the ascending phase of the U curve. All regions should fully utilize the “self-purification” effect of the Marshallian externality and the Jacobs externality on emission-reduction according to the different phases of industrial development.     

从产业转移到产业集群形成的微观机理研究

产业转移与厂商重新选择厂址是连在一起的。多数厂商选择同一区位就可能导致产业的空间集聚,最终形成产业集群。从研究厂商选址到产业空间集聚的微观机理出发,深入研究厂商选址与产业集群的关系,揭示产业转移的内在原因,并从中得到我国如果实现产业转移的启示。     

物流产业与高技术产业协同集聚水平测度及影响因素分析——基于长三角三省一市的实证研究

运用2008~2019年长三角三省一市的年鉴数据,测度物流产业与高技术产业的专业化集聚水平及两产业的协同集聚水平,然后利用多元线性模型分析产业协同集聚的影响因素。研究结果显示,长三角整体物流产业与高技术产业的集聚水平较高,但各地区具有较大差异;上海市的物流产业与高技术产业协同集聚水平一直处于长三角地区的最前沿;同时地区经济发展水平、产业结构、资本投入强度及交通基础设施水平对物流产业与高技术产业的协同集聚水平具有提升作用,而对外开放水平、政府干预、科研投入水平和人力资本水平对产业协同集聚的作用则相反。     

内陆地区城市群产业链供应链稳定性与竞争力提升研究——以成德眉资同城化为例

中西部内陆腹地作为我国发展的战略回旋余地,结合城市群正成为区域发展重要空间载体的趋势,关注重塑其产业链空间布局和供应链组织网络,提升产业链供应链(以下简称"双链")稳定性与竞争力,是推动我国区域协调发展、形成国内国际双循环新发展格局的有效途径.基于"双链"视角,探讨区域协同发展与"双链"稳定性提升的内在逻辑,分析以成德...     

Do governments tax agglomeration rents?

Empirical evidence suggests that firms receive rents from locating in economic agglomerations and industry clusters. Using the German local business tax as a testing ground, we empirically investigate whether these agglomeration rents are taxable for local governments. The analysis exploits a rich data source on the population of German plants to construct measures for the communities’ agglomeration characteristics. The findings indicate that economic agglomerations and industry clusters exert a positive impact on the jurisdictional tax rate choice. Further analysis moreover suggests that a municipality’s potential to tax agglomeration rents depends on its firm and industry agglomeration relative to neighboring communities. To account for potential endogeneity problems, our analysis exploits long-lagged population and infrastructure variables as instruments for the agglomeration measures.     

Agglomeration within an urban area

This paper utilizes a newly created index for colocalization to estimate the determinants of industrial agglomeration within a single urban area. Our new index directly incorporates the location of individual establishments while controlling for the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP) in order to create this measure of spatial similarity between two industries. We estimate that proximity to transportation infrastructure and consumers as well as knowledge spillovers largely explain patterns of agglomeration. We find a smaller role for input–output linkages and consumption externalities for retail and consumer service industries.     

辽宁省产业集聚效应研究

运用SPSS16.0软件,通过CES生产函数模型计算出了反映辽宁省产业集聚现状的h值,并得出了辽宁省1999-2008年的产业集聚效应变化轨迹。同时对辽宁省的产业集聚效应h值进行因素分解,将h分解为内部集聚经济、布局集聚经济和城市集聚经济。结果表明:辽宁省产业集聚效应很不理想。这对于振兴东北老工业基地、发展辽宁沿海经济带等国家战略规划政策的制定有一定启发意义。     

Is agglomeration really good for growth? Global efficiency,interregional equity and uneven growth

According to NEG literature, spatial concentration of industrial activities increases growth at the regional and aggregate level without generating regional growth differentials. This view is not supported by the data. We extend the canonical model with an additional sector producing non-tradable goods which benefits from localized knowledge spillovers coming from the R&D performing industrial sector. This view, motivated by the evidence, generates both an anti-growth and a pro-growth effect of agglomeration for both the deindustrializing and the industrializing regions and leads to two novel results: (1) when agglomeration takes place, growth is lower in the periphery; (2) agglomeration may have a negative effect on the growth rate of real income, both at the regional and at the aggregate level. Our conclusions have relevant policy implications: contrary to the standard view, current EU and US regional policies favouring industrial dispersion might be welfare-improving both at the regional and the aggregate level and may reduce regional income disparities.     

中国区域性物流集聚实证研究

在吸取集聚经济学和产业经济学集中率系数思想的基础上，根据产业集聚的特征，构造了LQ系数，测算了我国区域物流产业聚集系数，分析了我国区域物流集聚的指向性和空间布局。     

辽中城市群一体化发展构想——基于新功能主义的视角

由于经济发展水平和地域条件的限制,辽宁中部城市群的一体化发展不可能一蹴而就。运用新功能主义中的外溢理论,探讨了辽宁中部城市群一体化的空间扩展模式和产业外溢策略。     

科技园区、产业集群与区域经济共生机理分析——以商丘市为例

科技园区和产业集群作为区域经济发展的两大经济胞体,二者之间存在着类似于生物物种之间的共生关系,深层次剖析三者之间的共生机理对于区域经济的可持续发展具有重要的理论和现实意义。研究表明:科技园区、产业集群与区域经济之间存在着协同进化的关系;企业、产业、集群、园区、集聚区、区域经济构成了具有等级体系的共生单元;区域经济——科技园区——产业集群——企业则形成了圈层嵌套的逐级共生环境;而在商丘市科技园区与产业集群的发展中存在着点共生、间歇共生和一体化共生模式。     

北京服务业的增长及其空间分布特征

服务业特别是生产性服务业的发展正日益成为支配城市经济的主要因素,并对城市经济布局和城市空间结构产生深刻的影响。本文首先回顾了北京市服务业发展变化历程,目前服务业在北京市地区生产总值的比重已超过70%,生产性服务业在服务业的比重也超过60%,北京市已逐步发展成为具有现代国际大都市经济形态的服务型城市。文章重点分析了北京都市区服务业及各行业空间分布特征:北京都市区服务业主要分布在城市中心区及周边地区,总体上呈"多中心集聚"分布;服务业各行业空间分布区县差异明显,地域分工已经形成;服务业各行业空间布局形态呈现多样化特征。     

工业劳动力流动、技术溢出与经济地理新均衡——新经济地理学基础模型新发展

在原始核心边缘模型基础上发展的新的核心边缘模型假设工业工人的劳动生产率不再是外生变量,而是跟产业集聚的外部性有关。发展的核心边缘模型不仅验证了原始核心边缘模型的基本性质,还得到了一些新的结论：第一,工业企业生产规模报酬递增程度高有利于产业的集聚,但工业企业生产的规模报酬递增程度低也会诱发产业的重新集聚。第二,产业的空间分布受两股相反力量（集聚力和分散力）的支配。一般情况下,本地市场效应和生活成本效应是促进工业企业集聚的力量,市场拥挤效应则是促使工业企业走向分散布局的力量。第三,在加入本地与跨界技术溢出效应后,对称结构稳定的贸易自由度范围缩小了,而核心边缘结构稳定的贸易自由度范围扩大了。     

软件产业集聚机制与模式研究——基于生物种群理论

产业在集聚化发展的过程中呈现出很强的生态学特征,其内部成员间也存在着类似生物种群之间的竞争、共生和捕食等关系。这种关系在软件产业集聚发展的过程中体现得尤为明显。文章从生物种群理论的视角出发,剖析产业集聚现象,并结合软件产业的特征,运用生物种群理论的分析方法和工具分析软件产业集聚的机制与模式,进而提出今后一个时期软件产业发展的可供选择模式。旨在为软件产业的集聚发展研究有所创新并产生积极意义。     

合肥高新技术产业集聚发展现状分析与对策建议

目前,我国高新技术产业发展迅速,已经形成了一批集聚区,但与发达国家相比还存在很大差距,特别是在创新条件、投融资等发展环境方面。因此,进一步促进知识、技术、人才等在区域内集中,加快高新技术产业集聚发展是面向未来产业发展的方向,是培育战略性高新技术产业的重要举措。文章通过对合肥高新区高新技术产业集聚发展的现状和存在的问题进行分析,提出了几点对策建议。     

Spatial dependence,agglomeration externalities and the convergence of carbon productivity

By combining the extended slack based measurement (SBM) model directed distance function and the meta-constrained production function to measure China's carbon productivity, this paper studies the spatial spillover effects and convergence characteristics of carbon productivity. According to the results, carbon productivity showed obvious viscosity and spatial dependence in adjacent regions. China's carbon productivity had spatial conditional β-convergence and club convergence effects. Specifically, agglomeration externalities constituted an important mechanism for increasing carbon productivity and realizing the convergence thereof. Different agglomeration forms under different agglomeration degrees corresponded to different carbon productivity levels; with an increase in the degree of agglomeration, the emission reduction effect of specialized agglomeration diminished, while that of diversified agglomeration increased. Furthermore, depending on suitable agglomeration degrees, the emission reduction effect of specialized agglomeration could coexist with that of diversified agglomeration. In terms of regional distribution, in East China, both specialized agglomeration and diversified agglomeration presented relatively significant emission reduction effects. In contrast, in Central China and West China, only specialized agglomeration showed a weak emission reduction effect.     

广西北部湾经济区经济增长极研究——以南宁市为例

南宁市在广西北部湾经济区中,具有政策、经济规模和区位产业定位、先导产业的优势,但也存在经济规模亟待扩大、基础产业发展不均衡、增长缓慢、与经济区其他城市产业不协调,城市群产业链条薄弱等问题.文章提出南宁市应大力发展中小型企业,拓展经济规模,科学规划和引导区域产业集群,增强集群驱动力,转变角色定位,促成城市产业链形成,发挥税收激励作用,实现产业升级的政策建议.     

生产性服务业促进产业集群创新的机制分析

我国很多产业集群只是企业的空间集聚,处于集群的初级阶段。生产性服务业的技术和知识密集特征成为产业集群创新体系中知识的来源和企业间传播的桥梁,能够促进集群内外部的技术挤出效应,提升中间服务职能和集群的植根性,且改变集群组织形式。但政府需要在产业集群创新过程中发挥适当作用,既要纠正"市场失灵",又要防范"政府失灵"。