隐形冠军促进区域产业集群发展

赫尔曼·西蒙教授的隐形冠军理论对中国当前中小企业发展具有重要的指导意义。中小企业完全可以成为与世界500强媲美的优秀企业并对区域经济发展做出重要贡献。论文从隐形冠军成长与区域经济发展的关系角度,阐释了隐形冠军在不同发展阶段与区域经济发展有不同的关系模式,总结了三种隐形方式;指出区域隐形冠军发展的四个步骤及区域各主体努力的方式;论证了隐形冠军群体的出现与区域产业集群的发展是相伴而生的;提出隐形冠军的区域集中分布是区域文化经济嬗变的结果。     

隐形冠军不等于隐形独角兽

当前,一些地方政府将"隐形冠军"视作科技创新企业的代表,认为此类企业具有核心竞争力、具有高成长性,可能成长为独角兽企业,是地方经济实现新旧动能转换和高质量发展的关键.实际上,这种对"隐形冠军"的理解不够全面、不够准确. 德国管理学家赫尔曼·西蒙提出了"隐形冠军"的概念,并定义了隐形冠军需具备的三条标准:第一,世界前三强...     

城市数字技术、创新异质性与"隐形冠军"企业出口产品技术复杂度

在阐明城市数字技术和不同创新类型对"隐形冠军"企业出口产品技术复杂度的影响机制的基础上,利用2011-2016年"隐形冠军"企业专利数据与海关进出口匹配数据,实证分析了不同的创新类型对"隐形冠军"企业出口产品技术复杂度的差异化影响,并基于产品创新视角探讨了城市数字技术对"隐形冠军"企业出口产品技术复杂度的影响.实证结果表明:城市数字技术和产品创新对"隐形冠军"企业出口产品技术复杂度都有显著的直接提升效应,但效果因企业异质性存在显著差异;城市数字技术通过产品创新这一中介渠道显著提升"隐形冠军"企业出口产品技术复杂度;转型初期,产品创新会对"隐形冠军"企业数字化投入产生"挤出效应",从而减弱城市数字技术对"隐形冠军"企业出口产品技术复杂度的正向促进作用.     

专业化与“隐形冠军”企业出口绩效： 制度环境的调节作用

专业化和国际化是"隐形冠军"企业获取竞争优势并促进企业发展的重要战略.基于资源依赖理论,以2010—2018年中国上市公司"隐形冠军"企业为样本,实证检验了"隐形冠军"专业化程度对其出口绩效的影响,由制度基础观出发,分别考察了知识产权保护和经济政策不确定指数对两者关系的调节作用.研究发现:提高我国"隐形冠军"企业专业化程度的有助于提升其出口绩效;知识产权保护调节作用随着知识产权保护程度的不同会发生变化,在知识产权保护程度低的中西部地区,提高知识产权保护水平会提升"隐形冠军"企业专业化程度对其出口绩效的促进作用.在知识产权保护程度高的东部地区,提高知识产权保护水平会降低"隐形冠军"企业专业化程度对其出口绩效的促进作用;同时,经济政策不确定性越大,"隐形冠军"企业专业化程度对其出口绩效的促进作用越小,在此基础上提出提升我国"隐形冠军"企业出口绩效的对策建议.     

本土制造业“隐形冠军”自主创新动力机制研究——基于模糊集的定性比较分析

专注细分领域、掌握核心技术的本土“隐形冠军”是我国制造业自主创新的重要支撑。基于自主创新多元动力框架,以98家本土制造业“隐形冠军”为样本,运用模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）方法探讨中小企业自主创新的多重动力因素及作用机制。研究发现：①本土“隐形冠军”自主创新存在内部驱动、外部驱动和内外协同驱动3种动力模式,其中,协同驱动模式最为常见;②企业家精神是驱动本土“隐形冠军”自主创新的重要内部因素,在企业研发投入强度不高或未上市时能够联合市场垄断力量、良好区域环境发挥作用,驱动企业自主创新;③在推动本土“隐形冠军”自主创新的外部因素中,行业外资进入与市场垄断地位在特定情境下具有替代关系。     

隐形因素以及包括隐形因素投入产出模型

本文阐述了经济系统中隐形因素的存在与影响作用.提出了隐形因素的概念和它们的特点,研究了隐形因索与确定性投入要素及产出量之间的关系,提出包括隐形因索在内的投入产出模型.还讨论了隐形因素的量化问题.     

隐形因素以及包括隐形因素的投入产出模型

本文阐述了经济系统中隐形因素的存在与影响作用。提出了隐形因素的概念和它们的特点,研究了隐形因素与确定性投入要素及产出量之间的关系,提出包括隐形因素在内的投入产出模型。还讨论了隐形因素的量化问题。     

隐形冠军:国际竞争视野下科技型中小企业培育变革趋势与策略

从国际竞争视野来看,隐形冠军是科技型中小企业未来发展的重要方向之一,也是中国应对科技型中小企业发展态势与政策需求的变革方向,更是中国应对当前国际贸易战形势的重要博弈策略。从企业生命周期理论出发,梳理当前国内科技型中小企业培育政策的变革需求,同时,深入分析隐形冠军企业的内涵与特性,以及培育隐形冠军企业对中国发展的重要意义。在分析整理国内外隐形冠军发展分布概况和国内政策环境的基础上,重点比较中德两国在隐形冠军企业发展方面的差异,立足中国现状与不足,以“五力”模型为核心,对中国培育隐形冠军的主要思路和策略提出针对性建议。     

军民融合"隐形冠军"企业创新特征研究

中小企业一般专注于某一细分行业产品研发、生产和经营,具有较高市场份额但社会知名度较低。当前,我国军民融合战略由初步融合进入深度融合加速阶段,“隐形冠军”企业成为一支不可忽视的力量。分析军民融合“隐形冠军”企业内涵、发展现状与需求发现,军民融合“隐形冠军”企业具有管理创新、技术创新、融资创新、市场创新、价值链创新5个维度组成的创新特征,并结合案例——军民融合“隐形冠军”企业高德红外进行剖析,认为提升军民融合“隐形冠军”企业创新能力,政府应从加快军民融合创新体系建设、加强知识产权保护以及建立健全金融财政支撑体系等方面营造良好的制度政策环境,企业应从培育企业研发人才队伍、构筑创新型企业文化及抓住发展机遇等方面培育其核心竞争力。     

中国土地隐形市场研究综述

从中国土地隐形市场的概念、表现形态、形成原因和防范治理等方面对已有文献进行了系统梳理和分析,认为:土地隐形市场是在我国特殊的土地产权制度下,各利益主体在土地产权权能流动过程中绕开现行土地法律法规擅自行动而形成的一切土地交换关系之和,通常是指当事人因利益驱使擅自改变原有土地用途或使用类型而形成的土地交易市场;国有土地隐形交易得到了一定程度的遏制,农用地隐形市场随着国家农地流转法律的修正完善而逐渐显形化,农村集体建设用地、宅基地以及农地非农化隐形市场普遍存在,在经济发达地区和城乡结合部尤其活跃;夯实土地隐形市场研究基础,统筹谋划、积极实践,分层分类分阶段推进土地隐形市场显形化,最终建立城乡统一的建设用地市场。     

Innovation intermediary challenging the energy incumbent: enactment of local socio-technical transition pathways by destabilisation of regime rules

ABSTRACT

The energy sector needs to transform towards sustainability. The multi-level perspective on sociotechnical transitions is embracing an enactment perspective, which focuses on the agency of various actors in shifting transitions pathways but has yet to study local urban experiments from such an enactment perspective. Our empirical research examines an innovation intermediary’s work in destabilising the regime rules in relation to the local energy incumbent company in Helsinki, Finland. Our paper seeks answers to the questions: How does the collaboration of the intermediary and the local energy company unfold? What are the impacts of the intermediary work on the local energy company in terms of enactment of transition pathways and what are the mechanisms causing the impact? Our research shows that the intermediary contributes to the transition by disturbing existing rules, structures, practices and networks by convening innovation champions from different constituencies, renegotiating regime rules and disrupting existing R&D alliances.     

ROLE OF FISCAL AND MONETARY POLICY

Abstract.  This paper applies the GS-PD framework of Ho (1988) to show that the so-called 'battle of ideas' between 'Keynesians', who believe in intervention, and the champions of the market, who believe in non-intervention, as popularly depicted, diverts attention from the crux of the matter. It shows how monetary and fiscal policies have to be coordinated in specific situations and why some macroeconomic problems may require responses beyond the purview of monetary and fiscal policies.     

基于计划行为理论的知识隐藏行为拓展模型构建

基于计划行为理论(TPB)框架,结合动机理论、社会交换理论、心理占有理论等构建知识隐藏行为形成机制拓展模型。研究发现：(1)知识隐藏态度受到心理距离、结果期望的影响,知识隐藏主观规范受到组织网络结构中网络惯例的影响,知识隐藏感知行为控制受到知识权力、知识心理所有权的影响;(2)知识隐藏意愿受到知识隐藏行为态度、知识隐藏主观规范、知识隐藏感知行为控制以及过去行为的影响,知识隐藏意愿与知识隐藏感知行为控制可预测知识隐藏行为的发生;(3)创新氛围、双元领导和大五人格在知识隐藏意愿与知识隐藏行为之间起调节作用。上述拓展模型的构建有助于提升TPB的解释度并扩大适用范围,深入了解员工知识隐藏行为背后的行为逻辑,对于减少知识隐藏行为、促进知识流动、制定管理制度具有重要理论意义和实践价值。     

Are Soviet industrial-production statistics significantly distorted by hidden inflation?

In recent years speculation has increased regarding the existence and magnitude of hidden inflation in the Soviet economy. This speculation has unintentionally, but necessarily, called into question a great deal of econometric research predicated on the assumption that Soviet statistics are workably reliable. This paper attempts to evaluate these issues by examining the CIA's unofficial estimates of hidden inflation in the industrial sector calculated by James Steiner. A careful reconstruction of Steiner's arithmetic procedures reveals that the high levels of hidden inflation he estimates are invalid.     

Hidden Unemployment in Estonia: Experience from the Early Years of Transition (1989‐1996)

The aim of this article is to develop and deepen the discussion on this topic and analyse the methods of measuring hidden unemployment. This is important for giving an adequate overview of the situation of the labour market in Estonia and the scope of hidden unemployment and its development in the transition period. The following tasks are set to achieve this aim: to estimate different components of hidden unemployment in Estonia and to analyse the factors that influence this phenomenon in Estonia and thence form policy conclusions. In the analysis data from the Estonian Labour Force Survey (ELFS 97) carried out in 1997 are examined. Three logit models were calculated (for unemployed, underemployed and discouraged persons). The most important findings were that there are no general factors which could influence open and hidden unemployment at the same time, and that the factors influencing the components of hidden unemployment differ—underemployment is probably influenced more by economic factors and discouragement more by psychological factors.     

基于隐性人力资本价值因子的高层管理团队与团队绩效关系模型研究

国内外学者在研究高层管理团队与团队绩效的关系时,过多地关注高层管理者的传记特征,而忽视了团队内部的隐性人力资本。基于隐性人力资本价值的视角,探讨了高层管理团队隐性人力资本价值的构成及其与团队绩效的关系,定性分析了其内在影响机理,构建了高层管理团队隐性人力资本价值构成因子与团队绩效的关系模型。     

National champions and globalization

Abstract .  In this paper, we offer an explanation why globalization (falling trade costs) may increase the government incentive to block foreign takeover of domestic firms and increase its incentive to allow mergers among national firms. This creation of 'national champions' occurs not only because the government may have a bias against foreign takeover, but also because consumer welfare gains associated with foreign acquisitions decrease with globalization. Endogenizing the government bias through lobbying efforts of the domestic firms, the paper shows that the bias does not need to be very strong before the government promotes domestic champions provided that barriers to trade are low.     

Nursing leadership: championing quality and patient safety in the boardroom

OBJECTIVE: Identify the extent to which hospital boards of trustees, CEOs, and CNOs are engaged in quality and safety at the leadership and governance level and how CNOs can support board engagement in quality and safety. BACKGROUND: Although research is emerging, still relatively little is known about the impact and interface of hospital boards of trustees, CEOs, and nursing executives related to improving quality and patient safety. METHODS: 73 telephone interviews were conducted with hospital board chairs, CEOs, and CNOs from a convenience sample of 63 U.S. hospitals. The interviews (22 of which were with CNOs) lasted 30 to 45 minutes and were supplemented by a focus group of five nursing executives. RESULTS: There are significant differences in the perceptions of CNOs versus those of board chairs and CEOs. CNOs reported a greater familiarity of landmark reports on quality and patient safety than board chairs. CEOs and board chairs gave substantially higher ratings to integration of quality planning. Boards have limited comprehension of salient nursing quality issues. CONCLUSION: CNOs have a critical role as boardroom champions of patient safety and quality improvement.