高科技企业成长性评价研究综述与展望

本文参考现有的国内外研究文献,首先,总结学者们关于高科技企业成长性内涵的界定;然后 ,从技术创新能力、经营绩效、竞争能力、外部环境支撑、核心竞争力与信用风险等研究视 角,以及财务与非财务指标两个维度,全面梳理高科技企业成长性评价体系研究现状,对高 科技企业成长性评价体系研究现状进行评述;最后,进一步提出高科技企业成长性评价体系 设计框架的研究构想。     

信息不对称行业协会与高科技企业集群竞争力

本文从信息不对称角度研究了行业协会在高科技企业集群治理中的作用。行业协会通过沟通企业之间的信息，减少信息不对称，可以提升高科技企业集群的社会资本；可以约束企业行为，提升企业集群的外部声誉；使用博弈论方法分析行业协会协调企业之间的关系和行为，可以促使企业进行有序的合作与竞争；行业协会可以促进知识传播，增强集群的创新能力。     

企业商业模式创新:基于租金理论的解释

商业模式的定义在理论界有多种不同的理解，然而，商业模式创新的驱动力尚缺乏完整研究。本文作者归纳了商业模式的不同定义，提出了一种新的概念解释；同时，作者用经济租金理论来分析企业商业模式的创新行为，通过深入研究，作者对企业经济租金的几种形态做出了分类，分析了企业在不同条件下获得经济租金的形式，从理论上解释了企业商业模式创新行为的内外在驱动力。     

高科技企业的企业文化建设与人本管理

高科技企业由于为客户提供技术含量高、附加值高的产品或服务 ,因而它的发展必须要以智力为中心 ,依靠其人力资源的优势来发展技术赢得市场 ,特别是因其具有人员素质高、技术更新快、创新性强、竞争激烈等特点 ,决定了在高科技企业文化建设中必须实行人本管理 ,加强企业文化建设。一、高科技企业中企业文化的特点通过对一系列成功高科技企业的企业文化分析 ,可知高科技企业中企业文化要实现其在企业管理中的重要作用 ,必须具备以下特点 :1 建立“以人才为中心”的企业文化。高科技企业最重要的资源是人才和知识 ,知识经济时代 ,知识成为生产…     

网络组织下企业经济租金综合范式观

企业经济租金是解释企业价值创造和获取超额利润的重要工具。在网络组织的情境下,强调租金内生性或租金外生性的传统租金范式已经不能合理解释企业结网协作获取竞争优势的现实。这些范式的一元主义已经制约了对经济租金范式全面的理解和诠释。本文基于科学哲学和社会理论维度对经济租金进行理论分维,并提炼出知识租金这一综合范式观。知识租金认为企业内外部的异质性知识是经济租金的源泉,企业可以通过开放式创新来获取租金。通过开放式创新模式和封闭式创新模式下经济租金的对比分析,论证了知识租金的有效性。     

高科技企业价值评估方法选择

企业价值评估是进行投资分析、改进决策的重要参考。本文从企业价值评估的一般方法分析入手,通过对高科技企业与传统型企业特征差异的比较,对不同发展阶段的高科技企业的企业价值评估方法的选择、调整进行初步探讨,以使高科技企业的评估价值与客观价值趋同。     

论基于企业治理模式转换的职业经理人变迁

职业经理人的变迁是有其内在规律的。探索并描述这一规律是企业家理论研究的重要内容之一。基于资产的专有专用性及企业治理模式的相关分析，可以清晰地得到这样一个规律：职业经理人的变迁是随着人力资本的专有专用性程度的不断提升以及企业治理模式的不断演化而进行的。即由基于传统企业及其单边治理模式的“寄生型职业经理人”，到基于现代企业及其共同治理模式的“派生型职业经理人”，再到基于新经济时代高科技企业及其治理模式的“独立主导型职业经理人”，职业经理人的地位与作用在其升级转换中发生着显著的有规律性的变化。     

企业技术创新管理体系研究

文章在分析我国企业技术创新管理现状的基础上，提出了企业技术创新管理体系的目标及总体框架，对管理体系的主要内容进行了具体研究，并就管理体系运行的外部环境条件进行了分析。     

企业边界理论的发展——观点比较与理论反思

本文在对企业理论流派按研究视角进行划分的基础上,将企业边界理论研究的发展过程归纳为4个阶段,并对企业边界不同理论的历史与逻辑联系以及不同理论对企业性质的理解进行了梳理和比较评价,最后反思了企业边界传统理论分析的局限,新型经济组织的出现对企业边界传统分析框架提出的挑战.     

高科技企业创新与发展论坛

高科技企业的发展是一个不断创新的过程。大胆突破一切体制性束缚,积极推进观念创新、体制创新、管理创新,是时代发展的需要,是高科技企业长期建设的根本。基于高科技企业持续发展所面临的现状和机遇,哈尔滨工业大学、中国长峰机电技术研究设计院、北京产权交易所于2004年7月10日在北京联合举办了“高科技企业创新与发展论坛”。     

知识溢出效应与企业集聚定位决策

知识溢出在强化企业间知识流动和创新能力的同时，也增加了知识损失的风险．其正负效应的发挥左右着企业特别是高新技术企业的集聚定位决策。借助Klaus的模型．在分析知识溢出影响因素的基础上，发现技术接近性与空间局限性一起促进了企业间知识溢出效果：分析了知识溢出正负效应对企业集聚定位决策的影响，从知识溢出联合创新效应、知识溢出时滞和企业成本敏感性三方面考察对企业集聚定位决策的影响，并针对我国高新技术产业园区发展提出了相应的对策建议。     

An empirical study of manufacturing flexibility of exporting firms in China: How do strategic and organizational contexts matter?

Using evidence from exporting firms in China, this research aims to determine the conditions that foster manufacturing flexibility and the way in which firms support it. The contingency perspective and the competence and capability theory are utilized to develop a framework to enhance the knowledge of internal competence, external flexibility, and manufacturing performance, and the understanding of the moderating roles of strategic and organizational choice on the competence-flexibility and flexibility-performance relationships. Empirical evidence from a sample of 222 export product/market ventures confirmed the main effect that manufacturing, assembly outsourcing, and marketing competencies support a firm's manufacturing flexibility and in turn enhance manufacturing performance. Several notable moderating effects were also identified. Although a strategic emphasis on low-cost manufacturing and long-term contracting weakens a firm's transformation of core competencies into flexible capabilities, specific organizational choices regarding private ownership and direct exporting strengthen the conversion of manufacturing flexibility to superior manufacturing performance.     

组织间创新性合作:基于知识边界的研究

组织间合作创新的本质是组织共同创造知识的活动，知识边界则从本质上反映着组织间关系与互动。于是，本文从知识边界的角度来研究组织间创新性合作．通过分析边界的三个维度，揭示出知识边界复杂性的显著增加诱发了机会主义行为．并降低了知识转移与创造的效率。进而，本文提出了摆脱困境的应对办法，包括建立知识的共同产权，发展共同语言，对边界人员充分授权以及管理者角色的转换。本文是“从企业到共同体”组织变革研究中的一次基础性探索．     

Capture,governance, and resilience: strategy implications from the history of Rome

Organizational resilience is a subject of great interest to management and strategy scholars. Drawing on over 1,000 years of historical data on the Republic of Rome, and focusing primarily on the period of its establishment (509 BC–338 BC), we identify two generic strategies, capture and governance, that together are essential for organizational resilience. Capture strategy relates to market expansions, while governance strategy refers to the capacity of an organization to assimilate, retain, defend, and increase its dominance within annexed markets. The history of Rome also reveals four supporting tactics—saving power, maintaining a stronghold base, isolating and weakening adversaries, and creating forward outposts—that shore up and reinforce the capture and governance strategies, to create a more enduring and resilient enterprise. Interestingly, a system‐wide view of the strategy‐tactic framework also offers insights on resilience through smallness, thus illustrating its conceptual utility to organizations of all sizes including small enterprises. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Organizational relationship termination competence: A conceptualization and an empirical test

Most firms are involved in a number of customer relationships that drain the firm's resources. However, many firms are hesitant to address this problem. This paper investigates customer relationship termination at the organizational level. We develop and analyze the organizational dimensions of organizational termination in order to improve our understanding of the management of termination. The impact of these termination dimensions on the percentage of unwanted customers is developed and tested using PLS on data gathered from a cross-sectional survey of more than 800 sales representatives. We find that a firm's percentage of unwanted customers decreases significantly as acceptance of termination increases, if the firm's definition of unwanted customers is well understood, and if a firm has clear termination routines. In addition, general focus on profitability and external constraints on relationship termination are found to significantly affect a firm's relationship termination competence. The findings suggest that managers should regard termination as a legitimate option in customer relationship management. In order to decrease the number of unwanted customers, managers must accept termination as a valid option, clearly define the types of customers that the organization does not want to serve, and implement termination routines within the organization.     

Corporate governance and national institutions: A review and emerging research agenda

We present a critique of corporate governance research grounded in agency theory and propose that cross-national comparison of corporate governance should consider how the nature and extent of agency relationships differ across different institutional contexts. Building on prior governance studies grounded in sociology and organizational theory we argue that performance outcomes of boards of directors, ownership concentration, and executive incentives may differ depending on the legal system and institutional characteristics in a specific country. Institutions may also affect the extent of complimentarity/substitution among different firm-level governance practices producing patterned variations in firm-level governance mechanisms. Our discussion suggests that researchers need to develop more holistic, institutionally embedded governance framework to analyze organizational outcomes of various governance practices.     

Influences of cross-functional collaboration and knowledge creation on technology commercialization: Evidence from high-tech industries

Technology commercialization (TC) contributes to maintaining the competitive advantage of high-tech firms, but although researchers have established that product innovation and new product development are enhanced by cross-functional collaboration and organizational knowledge activities, this may not be the case for TC. Drawing on the knowledge-based view and the influence of cross-functional collaboration, the main goal of this study is to unravel the relationships among cross-functional collaboration, knowledge creation and TC performance in the high-tech industry context. Empirical findings from our survey of 203 marketing and R&D managers and employees in Taiwanese high-tech companies indicate that cross-function collaboration reveals fresh opportunities for creating knowledge and commercializing technologies. Our results also suggest that knowledge creation plays an important role in TC performance by partially mediating the relationship between cross-functional collaboration and TC performance. The contributions of this study provide new insights into industrial marketing literature by proposing a cross-functional collaboration-enabled TC model that takes into account the effect of knowledge creation.     

Utilization of business technologies: Managing relationship-based benefits for buying and supplying firms

There is increasing evidence to suggest that organizations often fail to fully capitalize on the purchased business technologies due to their failure to utilize the new procurement throughout their corporate system. To this end, this study sets out to identify the factors that play a tangible role in facilitating the utilization of procured business technologies. In this context, we not only examine the direct effects of technology and organizational culture on utilization, but also assess the moderating effects of user environments and supplier service orientation on these direct relationships. More importantly, we focus on the impact of utilization in creating the relationship-based benefits for both the technology user and supplier. Using data on purchase and use of customer relationship management (CRM) system, we empirically validate that the user firm's corporate culture, perceived technology attributes, environmental turbulence, and the supplying firm's service orientation are critical in increasing the utilization level of business technologies, which in turn helps to create/sustain relationship-based advantages for both parties.     

Internal multi-channel conflict: An exploratory investigation and conceptual framework

Multi-channel distribution is an increasingly important phenomenon in marketing, and the internal organizational dynamics associated with its use are strategically critical in nature. In this study, we focus on conflict internal to the supplier firm among the groups and individuals responsible for managing the various channels. We utilize a research approach consisting of four in-depth case studies with business-to-business marketing organizations to develop a holistic conceptual framework of internal multi-channel conflict and fourteen propositions for research. Results indicate that the life cycle stage plays a moderating role in determining the functionality of multi-channel conflict, that the supplier firm's internal market orientation is a determinant of the extent to which it will engage in internal multi-channel integration behaviors (i.e., superordinate goals, internal coordination and internal communication) and that internal and external multi-channel conflict are closely interrelated constructs.     

The coevolution of rent appropriation and capability development

Extant approaches to rent appropriation are static in that they explore bargaining power at a fixed point in time. This article contributes by examining how capabilities and bargaining power coevolve. As capabilities are developed, those who are favored by knowledge asymmetries make decisions that balance value creation potential against the rent appropriation regime, such as the organizational form in which the capability will be embedded. Using the example of Apple's development of the iPod, this article illustrates how stakeholders plan for rent appropriation as they assemble new capabilities—well before any value is actually created. Given that firm performance is an outcome of both capability development and rent appropriation, a robust theory must incorporate an understanding of how they coevolve. As such, the article highlights the need to integrate property rights theory with theories of value creation and governance costs as actors constantly make trade‐offs along these dimensions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.