我国轨道交通建设现状及发展对策研究

对我国城市轨道交通存在的问题进行分析,根据可持续发展交通系统的定义,构建适用于我国的轨道交通可持续发展模式,提出在经济、社会、环境和未来4个方面的可持续性目标。并指出实现城市轨道交通可持续发展的主要策略是将其带来的外部效益转化为内部效益,形成发展的良性循环。     

北京城市轨道交通非票务资产经营管理实践

城市轨道交通非票务资产的经营管理可缓解政府和轨道交通企业资金压力,实现城市轨道交通的可持续发展.在阐述城市轨道交通非票务资产概念和类别的基础上,阐述城市轨道交通非票务资产的可持续的经营理念,以及北京城市轨道交通非票务资产实现外部效益内部化的经营模式和以非票务资产经营收益反哺轨道交通建设及资产管理的实践,提出加强资源控制力度、妥善维护资产、充分挖掘资源潜力、集约化利用资源等非票务资产的发展战略.     

提高城市轨道交通工程监理水平的探讨

城市轨道交通工程耗资巨大,为保证城市轨道交通工程的建设质量和进度,提高城市轨道工程监理水平具有重要作用。通过对我国目前监理队伍工作状况的分析,指出我国城市轨道交通工程监理存在的问题,并依据捕获理论,提出加强城市轨道交通工程监理工作的措施。     

基于交易成本经济学的城市轨道交通装备制造业产业链纵向整合模式研究

我国城市轨道交通装备制造业产业链日趋完整,但还存在很多不足,亟需整合.基于交易成本经济学视角,通过对城市轨道交通装备制造业产业链现状的分析,提出了城市轨道交通装备制造业产业链纵向整合模式,以促进我国城市轨道交通装备制造业的快速发展.     

城市轨道交通线路建设时序决策系统研究

城市轨道交通线网中各线路的建设时序将影响城市结构、经济、环境以及投资的公平性.为此,阐明了城市轨道交通具有集聚扩散效应,引出线路建设时序的重要性.在此基础上,为决定线网中线路的建设时序,提出城市轨道交通项目全寿命周期费用模型,并以南京地铁为例,分析其建设费用、运营费用和预期效益,得到城市轨道交通线网的建设费用曲线和项目全寿命周期费用曲线,利用费用-效益理论比较各线路的综合效益,得出最急需修建的线路,以及线路建设的时序.     

完善我国城市轨道交通法律法规体系的探讨

法制化管理是城市轨道交通管理机制良性运行的根本性制度保证,城市轨道交通的全面法制化管理也是世界轨道交通发展的重要趋势。对我国城市轨道交通法制化管理中存在的问题进行分析,并对完善我国法律法规体系,优化城市轨道交通法制化管理提出建议。     

组团式城市轨道交通线网形态设计及分析

组团式城市轨道交通线网研究是在多种复杂因素影响线网形态决策的情况下,提出的一种城市轨道交通线网设计方案,以提升城市轨道交通线网设计水平,优化城市轨道交通运输设施设备配置。根据组团式城市特征,对组团式城市轨道交通线网形态进行分析,提出组团式城市轨道交通线网形态设计理念。以广东省中山市为例,采用组团式城市轨道交通线网设计,以提高核心区域的公共交通服务水平,发挥轨道交通系统最大网络化运营效益。     

城市轨道交通应急演练体系发展现状与对策

应急演练是城市轨道交通应急管理的重要组成部分,其不仅可以提升城市轨道交通行业人员应急处置能力,也是评估检验城市轨道交通应急预案的重要手段。阐述城市轨道交通应急演练需求分析,在对我国城市轨道交通应急演练体系发展现状进行分析的基础上,针对城市轨道交通应急演练体系中存在的演练标准规范体系有待完善、应急演练联动程度较低、应急演练基地布局不合理等问题,提出城市轨道交通应急演练体系发展的对策建议,即构建具有应急演练过程支撑、应急演练评估培训及社会安全教育等功能的城市轨道交通应急演练综合中心,建立多专业联动和城市轨道交通与多部门协同的应急演练体系,构建城市轨道交通应急演练指南和评估指标体系,为我国城市轨道交通应急演练体系发展提供借鉴。     

BT 模式及其在我国城市轨道的适应性探析简

阐述BT融资模式的基本理论内涵,借鉴我国城市轨道交通采取BT模式的经验,探讨城市轨道交通采用BT模式的优势及存在问题,提出促进城市轨道交通BT模式发展的相关建议。     

城市轨道交通广告资源开发经营的探讨

城市轨道交通空间广告资源的商业价值随着客流激增而不断提升,日益成为反哺城市轨道交通后期建设与运营的重要力量。在分析城市轨道交通广告资源特征及分类的基础上,研究广告资源的自主经营、经营代理权外包、合资经营3种开发经营模式,基于联动作用、协同效应、整合效应提出广告资源效益提升策略,针对武汉市城市轨道交通广告资源的开发,提出发挥地铁建设中广告资源的融资能力、开发针对目标受众的商业广告、建立地铁集团权属的广告公司等建议。     

Profiling road transport activity: Emissions from 2000 to 2005 in Ireland using national car test data

This work describes a methodology for determining the average vehicle kilometres travelled by the private national car fleet in Ireland and estimating the disaggregated CO₂ and NO_x emissions from private vehicles in the Irish road transport sector for the period 2000–2005 using national car test records. The developed methodology facilitates the calculation of greatly improved estimates for vehicle kilometres under a range of constraint variables and thereby enables the disaggregated analysis of specific vehicle fleet groups and their associated activity patterns to support evidence-based policy development. The results indicate that while older vehicles are contributing significantly to car NO_x emissions; newer cars produce a higher share of CO₂ emissions than older cars in the vehicle fleet.     

Temporal variance of revealed preference on-street parking price elasticity

This paper utilises revealed-preference parking trend data from parking meters ex ante and ex post of a general 50% price increase in the hourly cost of on-street parking to estimate the on-street parking price elasticity of demand in an area of Dublin, Ireland. Estimates are presented for the aggregate price elasticity of demand level and individual estimates for specific time periods and days of the week. In terms of reduced parking frequency, the average price elasticity of demand reported is −0.29. Daily average estimates are consistent, with one notable exception being Thursday, a ‘late night shopping’ day for which a lower price sensitivity is reported. Morning periods are also shown to be more responsive than other time periods in the test area, indicating some potential for influencing morning inbound peak traffic levels.     

企业筹资中亟待重视非显性成本的管理

在企业筹资过程中,必然会导致非显性成本的产生。非显性成本具有不可控、误导等特性,往往掩盖企业总成本的真实性,影响决策的预期效应,影响经济决策的科学判断和正确选择。因此,不能把非显性成本排除在经济形势观察的视野之外,为此对铁路企业筹资中降低非显性成本提出有关建议。     

我国西部交通发展战略与措施探讨

地区间发展不平衡、东西部差距加大,已成为我国国民经济和社会全面持续发展的羁绊,而交通是其中的一个主要影响因素。针对目前我国西部交通发展建设中存在的问题,对西部交通的发展战略目标和设想进行了探讨,提出了建立西部综合运输体系新格局,以及加快西部交通发展的建议。     

Advancing consumer behaviour theory in tourism via visual narrative art

This paper advances (i) propositions of consumer behaviour theory in tourism via storytelling theory and (ii) skills in decoding elements and subtle details that appear in ‘good stories’ versus not‐so‐good stories within travel contexts. The present paper presents a set of iconic story symbols for use in decoding stories and shows how to use these tools for decoding tourism‐related narratives. Practice using these visual iconic symbols in decoding stories achieves effective storytelling learning via cognitive sculpting; that is, learning improves from moving and arranging (sculpting) potentially three‐dimensional story or electronically movable icons while talking or writing narratives. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Business travellers' perception of service quality: a prefatory study of two European city centre hotels

The business traveller contributes significantly to the turnover of the hotel industry and, with the globalisation of business, this sector shows signs of increasing growth. Service quality has now become one of the main factors used to gain competitive advantage, thus the industry must focus more specifically on the needs and expectations of its business customers. The aim of this paper is to focus on the business travel market and more specifically on the comparison of two hotels in two European cities, Brussels and Manchester. This area of research has not been attempted before and will provide an interesting comparison with findings in USA. A literature review identified the relevant attributes used to measure service quality, which were utilised to design a questionnaire, distributed to customers in a five star hotel in Manchester and in Brussels. The primary data obtained were then compared with the findings of other researchers. The analysis indicated that Brussels scored the majority of the attributes more highly (many significantly) than did Manchester. This may be influenced by the international profile of the Brussels respondents who tended to travel on business more frequently than the Manchester sample. The comparisons with the USA surveys found some inconsistencies that might be attributed to societal differences.Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Financial distress,survival network design strategies,and airline pricing: An event study of a merger between a bankrupt FSC and an LCC in Brazil

This paper develops an event study to investigate the airfare effects of the bankruptcy of a financially distressed full-service carrier (FSC) and its subsequent acquisition by a low-cost carrier (LCC) in Brazil. We account for the distressed carrier's survival network design strategies (SNDS) pursued during its reorganization—a suspected source of sample selection bias. Additionally, as rivals' pricing could be aimed at driving the distressed/bankrupt carrier out of the market, we treat the carrier's distress as endogenously determined with it. Our results do not uncover any survival pricing behavior stemming from SNDS, but reveal fiercer price competition from rivals in periods preceding both the distressed carrier's bankruptcy filing and acquisition. We also find evidence of enduring price competitiveness in the long run of the acquisition event, shedding light on the potential facilitating role played by bankruptcy protection regulations in keeping and sustaining market contestability after the bankruptcy-filing period.     

Land development implications of the British rail freight renaissance

The post-war era saw a dramatic decline in both the volume and market share of freight transported by rail in Britain. This decline was associated with the closure of thousands of rail freight facilities and reduction by one third in the route mileage of the national railway network. However, as a result of railway privatisation and increasing constraints on the competitiveness of the road haulage industry, the long decline has halted and rail freight traffic is growing. This article reviews the implications of this change for the demand for rail freight facilities and for extra capacity in the railway network, and considers how the land-use planning and transport planning systems might respond.     

我国铁路运输发展战略的SWOT分析

SWOT分析法是将企业经营复杂的外部环境和内部条件归结为机会和威胁、优势和劣势4个方面,并对其进行综合分析和科学匹配。从加快我国铁路改革发展的目标出发,探讨如何运用SWOT战略分析方法,确定我国铁路运输企业目前面临的重要外部机会和威胁,以及内部存在的主要优势和劣势,从而对目前我国铁路运输业选择和制定的发展战略做出科学的评估。     

Seal Management in Scotland: Tourist Perceptions and the Possible Impacts on the Scottish Tourism Industry

Fisheries organisations in Scotland have repeatedly called for culls of common and grey seals, despite their conservation status and no supporting scientific evidence. This current study investigated the opinion of tourists in West Scotland as to whether seal populations should be reduced to manage their increasing numbers. The study also looks at whether such a cull would influence tourist behaviour. In total 735 interviews were conducted. There were regional differences in levels of opinion but, on average, 60% of respondents believed that seals should not be regulated and 17% stated that the instigation of a cull would affect their decision to visit Scotland on holiday. In the Highlands of Scotland alone this could represent over £100 million in lost tourism income. A boycott by tourists to the Highlands, as the result of introducing seal culls, could equate to a financial loss equivalent to a third of the total value of Scottish fisheries. Tourism is Scotland's main industry and is particularly important for the economy of rural areas. Any further proposals for seal culls should seriously consider the negative and indirect impacts these culls could have, such as reductions in tourist numbers and tourism income to a region.