数字普惠金融、居民生活压力与幸福感

基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,考察数字普惠金融对居民主观幸福感的影响及作用机制.实证结果表明:数字普惠金融的发展显著提升了居民幸福感,数字普惠金融覆盖广度指数、使用深度指数和数字支持服务程度均对居民主观幸福感产生了较为显著正向影响.与高收入(中东部地区、城镇地区、男性、高教育水平)群体相比,数字普惠金融发展对中低收入(西部地区、农村地区、女性、低教育水平)群体主观幸福感的提升作用相对更大.数字普惠金融通过缓解生活压力(体现在经济压力和制度排斥压力方面)的路径提升居民主观幸福感.数字普惠金融提升居民幸福感有非常重要的现实意义,有助于进一步完善数字金融普惠体系.     

金融可得性、融资成本与法律实施

转型中国常被作为缺乏法律有效支持的情况下取得巨大经济成功的例子,也被作为“法律的有效实施有助于企业更好地获得融资”这个命题的例外.原因有二:一是中国的经济成功主要是那些非正规部门推动的,这些部门的企业却主要依赖于长期关系、声誉维持的非正规融资;二是许多更有效率的民营企业的融资来自国企的金融资源漏损,这种漏损是非法的.如果长期关系和声誉、甚至非法漏损在融资中扮演重要角色,法律的作用要么不显著,要么为负.本文利用微观的企业融资数据重新审视这个问题后发现,全部的企业样本证明法律有利于企业融资,局部的融资困难的民营企业样本,甚至参与腐败的企业样本同样支持法律的有效性命题;我们以信任作为长期关系的代理变量,考察了正式的法律制度、非正式的长期关系及其交互作用,发现法律与长期关系中的信任是互补而不是替代关系,都有利于企业融资;民营企业、金融可得性差的企业更容易参与金融腐败,外资企业更不容易参与金融腐败.     

“金融抑制”的法律镜像及其变革——中国金融市场现实问题的制度思考

中国的金融体系带有非常明显的“金融抑制”色彩,这为我国金融法律制度带来了一些根本性缺陷,具体表现为:金融法律规则留给公共部门以极大的权力行使空间;大量起实际作用的金融法律制度表现为“隐性规则”;金融法律规则制定与实施的“部门化”倾向.而由“金融抑制”导向“金融深化”的制度变迁过程中,既有来自市场自身和决策者的推动力,同时也不可避免存在来自既得利益者的改革阻力.     

农村民间金融法律规制的异化、变迁与边界——以“法律与金融”为视角

农村民间金融法律供给存在异化,一是农村金融的法律供给与需求不均衡,二是正式金融机制、法律制度与农村社会内生规则的不契合。本文以"法律与金融"为视角,对农村正式金融与农村民间金融的交易主体合作类型进行比较,分析农村民间金融与非正式规则的制度变迁。以政府、市场与自治的博弈为切入点,研究中国语境下的农村民间金融法律规制的边界与本土化选择。     

TRIPS协定下中国知识产权保护的核心难题及基准

文章研究了TRIPS协定下中国知识产权保护遭遇的核心难题:制度环境问题、执行问题和标准问题.研究发现:(1)中国知识产权保护与国际法律制度环境是相容的和一致的.但是,在国际执法层面上面临着严峻的压力.(2)中国参与知识产权保护国际公约的宽度和广度较高,中国知识产权保护亟待解决的难题是执行问题.(3)在行政与司法保护上,主张协调和强化中国知识产权保护的行政与司法执法机制相平衡模式.(4)TRIPS协定下强化中国知识产权保护是个难题,中国需要游走在TRIPS协定外生给定的发展路径的边缘,尽力选择与其自身内生化的发展路径相切的交汇点.这一点就是中国实施知识产权保护设定的基准.     

中国CDS产品的推行对国内房地产市场的影响

信用违约互换(Credit Default Swap,CDS)是符合“十三五”创新创业的经济主题的金融衍生工具.本文在以CDS国际发展历程和传导机制为切入点,预测中国版CDS的未来走势.基于以上研究,结合CDS在中国存在的金融以及法律问题,为中国CDS的健康发展、房地产市场防止泡沫提出一些简单的建议.     

产权、法律制度与中国金融发展之谜

在主流的金融发展框架中,认为明晰的产权安排与良好的法律制度是金融发展的关键本文通过对中国金融发展机制的分析,提出了一个关于"中国金融发展之谜"的命题,并进行了解读,同时以此来分析中国金融进一步发展的路径选择.     

金融发展中的制度因素:理论框架与国际经验

本文在现有文献的基础上,提出了"制度与金融发展"这一新的理论命题,并利用跨国截面数据系统地检验了该理论.从国际经验来看,产权结构、法律制度和金融利益集团力量都对金融发展有显著的影响.本文的结论是:只有进一步完善产权、法律以及信用等制度才能推动中国金融进一步发展.     

中国金融消费者保护的政策研究

基于金融消费者保护的国内外研究现状,应从以下几方面完善市场中金融消费者保护的具体法律制度:建立基金零售业金融消费者保护的正式制度;机构性监管与功能性监管并重;建立行业标准和可靠的信用评级机制;注重金融消费者保护与金融创新相互协调,等等。     

经济法视域下低碳经济的保障与发展——迈向"低碳经济法"的多维进路

低碳经济因全球变暖、自然资源过度消耗、碳过度排放、水污染、大气污染等问题而受到关注.低碳经济、绿色金融是迈向美丽中国的重要进路,但目前我国没有专门针对低碳经济的规则立法,仍存在低碳经济法律制度分散、可操作性不强、执法力度不足等问题.为保障和发展低碳经济,我国应当构建并细化低碳经济法律规则体系,从执法意识、执法效率、执法监督等多个层面完善低碳经济执法制度,运用激励性规制和抑制性规则双向策略,把低碳要素融入企业行为规制整体框架中.     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...