基于创新系统视角的知识密集型服务业国际化动因分析

知识密集型服务业是创新系统不同机构之间交互作用的重要界面,是企业同外部环境知识传递的桥梁。以高创新投入和高创新绩效为特点的知识密集型服务业是创新系统的重要节点和中介环节,是第三产业中最具成长潜力的部分。在阐明了知识密集型服务业的定义、特征以及在全球创新系统中的功能的基础上,从创新系统的视角研究了知识密集型服务业国际化的动因。     

创新视角下知识密集型服务业研究述评及展望

在高度全球化、国际化的经济环境背景下,高效地创造、传播及应用知识资源是一个国家或企业获取竞争力的最本质的要求。在这种趋势发展下,知识越来越成为了现代服务业的核心要素,则服务业的重要分支———知识密集型服务业成为了当今经济发展的重要动力。本文从创新角度梳理了知识密集型服务业的定义和分类、创新特性及其在创新系统中的作用、创新驱动力、创新障碍这四方面的研究成果,并据此对知识密集型服务业未来研究提出了展望。     

基于知识密集型服务业的区域创新内生系统构建

知识密集型服务业是科技创新价值链深化分工的产物,也是促进分化链条中各创新主体紧密合作的催化剂,在企业、产业集群、区域乃至国家创新系统中发挥着重要作用。首先,概括了知识密集型服务业在不同创新流程中所扮演的角色;其次,构建了基于知识密集型服务业的区域创新内生系统,指出区域创新内生系统以知识密集型服务业的生存和发展机制为内生动力,详细分析了系统的构成和运行机制;最后,提出了促进区域创新内生系统有效、持续运转的知识密集型服务业发展策略。     

中国知识密集型服务业国际化策略研究

分析了知识密集型服务业的国际化进程及其影响因素,并在研究中国知识密集型服务业国际化可能性的基础上,对我国知识密集型服务业的国际化策略提出了建议。     

知识密集型服务业创新绩效影响因素实证研究

创新是知识密集型服务业发展的动力和源泉,而创新绩效是知识密集型服务业生存与发展的关键.本文基于前期文献研究和专家访谈的基础上,提出知识密集型服务业自主创新、合作创新、外部环境与创新绩效的关系假设,构建了影响因素的概念模型,采用问卷方式进行了调查,并运用回归分析对假设进行了检验.研究结果表明,企业的资源和能力、政府政策支持等因素对知识密集型服务业创新绩效影响显著,从而为提升知识密集型服务业创新绩效提供科学决策依据.     

知识密集型服务业创新能力影响因素研究

引进DEMATEL方法模型对知识密集型服务业创新能力影响因素进行了分析,探讨了影响知识密集型服务业创新能力的关键指标,指出物化知识水平、人力资源水平、组织创新活动与信息技术关联度以及CRM战略是关键因素,并对知识密集型服务业创新提出了相关的策略建议。     

知识密集型服务业的集群创新及创新系统文献综述

对知识密集型服务业的研究在近年来得到了越来越多的关注。通过对知识密集型服务业的集群创新及其创新系统的文献综述,对其与空间特征紧密联系的合作创新、知识生产和传递、创新桥梁、区位分布等问题进行了分析,从内容、方法论和研究视角三方面提出未来的研究方向。     

知识服务过程中知识密集型服务业作用机制的系统动力学研究

知识密集型服务业（KIBS）提供知识服务的过程是一个知识创造和扩散的复杂过程,而作为外部知识源的知识密集型服务业在客户企业创新系统中发挥着重要作用。其作用机制主要体现在两个方面：一是作为创新来源,在提升知识〖JP〗密集型服务业自身知识存储和吸收能力的同时,在与客户企业进行交互过程中实现知识的溢出和转移;二是作为创新桥梁,能促进知识在客户企业和其它组织机构之间的流转和扩散。     

知识密集型服务业创新影响因素研究

从服务创新和知识管理的视角,提出知识密集型服务业创新影响因素的分析框架。针对知识密集型服务业进行抽样调查以获取数据,利用因子分析法、回归分析方法对影响知识密集型服务业创新的因素进行实证研究。结果显示:外部资源、内部资源、共享环境、隐性知识、创新保护措施和技术组织缺陷是影响知识密集型服务业产品创新的主要因素;而影响过程创新的因素除了包括上述六类因素外,成本风险也是重要的影响因素。最后,提出了提高知识密集型服务业创新能力的相关建议。     

知识密集型服务业研究综述

进入知识经济时代,知识密集型服务业逐渐在国民经济中占据越来越重要的地位,与之相关的理论与实证研究也越来越多。通过对现有文献的梳理,发现已有研究主要从知识、创新与区位作用三个层面探讨分析知识密集型服务业。为了能更好地推进关于知识密集型服务业的相关研究,本文对现有的知识密集型服务业的相关研究进行了评述并指出了未来研究趋势。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

Interest on reserves and inflation

The payment of interest on reserves has been a common practice in inflationary economies. This policy may seem paradoxical since it involves returning part of the seigniorage, generated by the inflation process, with the intention to finance the fiscal deficit. This paper argues that the motivation for this policy can be captured by the discretionary regime, where the policymaker pays interest on reserves because he is concerned with the erosion of real liquidity by inflation, which is in part beyond his control. However, this policy is an unlikely outcome in the commitment regime, where the policymaker is in full control of inflation.     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Forecasting the price of gold

This article seeks to evaluate the appropriateness of a variety of existing forecasting techniques (17 methods) at providing accurate and statistically significant forecasts for gold price. We report the results from the nine most competitive techniques. Special consideration is given to the ability of these techniques to provide forecasts which outperforms the random walk (RW) as we noticed that certain multivariate models (which included prices of silver, platinum, palladium and rhodium, besides gold) were also unable to outperform the RW in this case. Interestingly, the results show that none of the forecasting techniques are able to outperform the RW at horizons of 1 and 9 steps ahead, and on average, the exponential smoothing model is seen providing the best forecasts in terms of the lowest root mean squared error over the 24-month forecasting horizons. Moreover, we find that the univariate models used in this article are able to outperform the Bayesian autoregression and Bayesian vector autoregressive models, with exponential smoothing reporting statistically significant results in comparison with the former models, and classical autoregressive and the vector autoregressive models in most cases.