产业集群发展中的政府行为及政策启示：来自产业集群发达国家的经验

产业集群的蓬勃发展使得集群政策开始成为各地区地方政府推动本地区经济发展和产业成长的重要政策工具。来自国内外发达地区产业集群发展实践中的大量证据表明,政府政策正在成为各地产业集群培育或发展的重要措施。本文将总结美国、意大利等国家推动产业集群发展的成功政策经验,提炼国外先进地区政府运用产业集群的政策启示,为我国地方政府推动本地区产业集群发展提供借鉴。     

政府在老年产业发展中的作用研究

当老年产业受制于市场的不成熟、不完善而无法顺利形成良性互动式发展趋势时,由政府介入解开市场与企业间的“死结”就成为一种必然的要求。政府应针对不同性质的领域采取不同的对策。对老年产业竞争性领域的政府对策和非竞争性领域的政府对策问题作了分类研究,并着重对老年产业竞争性领域提出了发展思路和可以采取的具体对策措施。     

公共政策的经济学分析

任何一项公共政策的制定和实施都需要付出一定的代价,关键在于这种代价能不能承受,值不值得承受。经济学与公共政策有着密切的联系,即使是一些看起来与经济问题无关的公共政策,如果细心分析总是可以发现其中的经济学逻辑。这一逻辑告诉我们,公共政策是通过比较其成本和收益而产生的,公共政策存在的理由在于它的社会成本小于以市场和企业自行解决的方式来解决问题。     

基于旅游者视角的昆明——丽江铁路与丽江旅游的关系研究

于2011年1月正式开通的昆明一丽江铁路（以下简称昆一丽铁路）,一方面大大改善了丽江旅游业的可进入性,另一方面则大大减少了前往丽江旅游者的费用开支,从而促进了丽江旅游业进一步的繁荣发展。从旅游者的视角,就昆一丽铁路的开通对旅游者前往丽江旅游盼决策以及在丽江旅游经历产生的影响做出评价,旨在评价这一可进入性的增加对前往丽江旅游者的旅游决策及旅游经历的影响。另外,还验证了火车旅行对旅游者选择丽江作为其旅游目的地的重要性。     

谈单位负责人作为会计责任主体的职责

会计工作与会计资料的真实、完整是企业搞好经济管理工作的立足点。论述了会计信息失真的成因,以及单位负责人在本环节的重要作用,并提出了解决这一问题的对策。     

自由与制度关系角度反思全球性金融危机

为了深入探究全球性金融危机的根本原因并对转型的中国经济以有益的启示,在自由与制度辨证关系的基础上提出金融自由化的本质是自由与制度结合的理论观点。在这个观点的基础上提出金融危机是“错误金融自由化”的假说,并以理论和实际数据验证这个假说。验证的结论是,此次源于美国的全球性金融危机是错误金融自由化的结果,而非金融自由化制度的问题。     

城市人工水体旅游景观的观赏鱼种选择

随着城市旅游的异军突起,城市旅游景观逐渐成为都市旅游的新宠。在旅游者游览要求持续增涨、鉴赏品味不断提高的情况下,如何提升城市旅游景观的景观价值和文化内涵,成为城市旅游规划和城市景观设计面临的一大问题。针对城市人工水体旅游景观这一独特的旅游资源,提出了如何选用与水体景观搭配适宜的四种观赏鱼种(红尾副鳅、锦鲤、锦鲫和胭脂鱼)来增强景观品质的方法,以作参考。     

生态文明视域中的新农村建设

生态文明是人类发展的必由之路,建设生态文明的社会主义新农村是时代发展的新要求。生态文明对新农村的生产发展、生活构造和环境组成等方面都有特别要求。在新农村建设实践中顺应生态文明发展趋势并作出相应的发展调整,是生态文明对新农村建设的时代要求。建设生态文明的新农村,根本在于构建人与自然友好相处、共生共荣的新生活,关键在于对农村自然环境的保护和建设。     

执行力：企业管理成效的关键

当前,中国企业正经历着剧烈的变革,在这场变革中,有许多企业感到困难重重,其原因除了外部因素的制约外,企业自身执行力的缺乏,也是一个重要因素。因为,企业只有拥有了强大的执行力,才能将卓越的战略变成现实,才能将优秀的企业文化融合到每一位员工的价值观中,才能适应不断变化的市场环境,进一步发展和壮大起来。     

社会保障与农业及其相关产业关联性分析

利用2007年投入产出表分析社会保障与农业及其相关产业之间的关系得出结论：社会保障对农业及其相关产业既有拉动力又有推动力;社会保障对农业及其相关产业的推动作用大于拉动作用;尤其对农业、畜牧业、渔业三个产业的推动作用很强。这为巩固和加强农业基础地位,加快社会保障制度建设,促进国民经济健康发展提供了依据。     

Losing the lead: the patenting decision in the light of the disclosure requirement

Empirical findings state that the disclosure requirement might be a reason for firms to rely on secrecy rather than patents to protect their inventions. We choose a dynamic framework in which we can explicitly analyze the patenting decision reflecting the tradeoff between a positive protective effect and a negative effect due to the required disclosure of the protected invention. In spite of a patent, the inventor's rival may still enter the market with a non-infringing product. Measuring the technological lead of the inventor by a time advantage he has compared with his rival, we show that if his headstart exceeds a critical threshold, he will not patent and rather rely on secrecy.     

Testing the significance and the non-linearity of the Phillips trade-off in the Euro Area

This paper tests the significance and the non-linearity of the Phillips trade-off in the aggregate Euro Area, in an unobserved components model of stochastic NAIRU and trend output featuring the Phillips equation and the Okun law as main identifying equations, with quarterly data for 1970:I-2002:III. The Phillips curve turns out to be linear and its trade-off statistically significant, while non-linearity shows up in the Okun relation. The results prove to be robust to alternative lag length structures of the model, and to alternative non-linear functional forms. The trend-cycle decompositions estimated with the model capture the main features of the Euro Area’s recent macroeconomic record.First version received: 1 September 2003 / Final version received: June 2004CEMPRE - Centro de Estudos Macroeconómicos e Previsão - is supported by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal, through the Programa Operacional Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (POCTI) of the Quadro Comunitário de Apoio III, which is financed by FEDER and Portuguese funds.We thank comments on earlier versions by Fabio Canova, Miguel St Aubyn, Alvaro Almeida, Pete Richardson, Kevin Ross, and two anonymous referees. We acknowledge James D. Hamilton’s help with the confidence bands. The usual disclaimer applies.     

论大学特色化与就业率的辩证关系

用唯物辩证法的观点,探寻大学特色化与就业率之间的辩证关系,更好地推进大学科学发展,既有理论意义,也有现实意义。大学特色化与就业率之间既相互联系,又相对独立,这种辩证统一关系的落实处,就是持续创新办学特色,保证就业率稳步提高。     

国外企业本质理论的演进与评述

本文在回顾企业理论演进史的基础上．比较与评述了各流派企业本质理论的主要观点。本文认为,各流派对企业本质的认识,从分析与讨论的焦点来看,集中体现为生产、交易与契约3个概念;而从认识与方法论来看．主要包括分工、交易成本与熊彼特传统3个角度。因此,对企业本质的认识还远未结束。     

How the purpose of the inter-firm relationships influences the choice of the governance form: evidence from the machine tool and the pharmaceutical industries

In today's competitive landscape, the choice of the appropriate mode to govern an inter-firm relationship is a critical factor for companies. In the literature several theoretical strands have examined the impact of the purpose of inter-firm relationships on the forms of governance. Building on a robust literature review on the topic, this study focuses on a specific issue influencing the choice of the form of governance in inter-firm relationships, i.e. the purpose of inter-firm relationships with relation to partner's resources. We gather in a unique framework three typologies of partner's resources, i.e. production, R&D and marketing, and through two empirical analyses in two different Italian industries, machine tool and pharmaceutical, we show how differently these purposes shape the choice of the governance mode.     

On the Relation between the Demand Environment and the Innovation

The demand environment has a great influence on innovations and the formation of the motive force of the innovation. The demand causes the desire： the desire forms the motive force; the motive force inspires the innovative thinking. the innovative thinking becomes the innovative practice; and the innovative practice.finally, meets people＇s demand.     

The Fatter the Tail, the Fatter the Climate Agreement

International climate negotiations take place in a setting where uncertainties regarding the impacts of climate change are very large. In this paper, we examine the influence of increasing the probability and impact of large climate change damages, also known as the ‘fat tail’, on the formation of an international mitigation agreement. We systematically vary the shape and location of the distribution of climate change damages using the stochastic version of the applied game-theoretical STACO model. Our aim is to identify how changes to the distributional form affect the stability of coalitions and their performance. We find that fatter upper tails increase the likelihood that more ambitious coalitions are stable as well as the performance of these stable coalitions. Fatter tails thus imply more successful, or ‘fatter’, international climate agreements.     

论需求环境与创新

The demand environment has a great influence on innovations and the formation of the motive force of the innovation. The demand causes the desire; the desire forms the motive force; the motive force inspires the innovative thinking;the innovative thinking becomes the innovative practice; and the innovative practice, finally, meets people's demand.     

保持党的先进性是中国共产党始终关注的根本性重大课题

中国共产党依靠先进性实现了民族的独立和人民的解放，实现了国家的强盛和人民的富裕。保持先进性是中国共产党建党以来一直十分重视的重大课题，也是党在建设中的长期任务和永恒主题。中国共产党之所以执政并长期执政，最根本的一条就是保持了先进性。中国共产党能否始终保持先进性，关系到党和人民事业的兴旺发达，关系到国家的长治久安，关系到党的执政能力的提高和执政地位的巩固。     

浅谈工程项目施工进度有效控制的影响因素

工程进度有效控制是每一个施工工程的目标之一,但其影响因素众多。加强专业技术力量,强化科学、有效的施工进度管理,是施工工程项目进度实现有效控制的根本保证。运用实例,从专业技术和管理两层面分析了不同因素对项目施工进度的影响,提出了具体解决方法,对于有效控制项目施工进度和工程项目的顺利完工,具有重要意义。