企业知识管理与知识管理能力评价

通过对国外相关文献的分析研究,本文对企业知识及企业知识管理的内涵进行了阐释。在此基础之上,通过与专家学者和企业高层管理人员的广泛交流,提出了知识管理评价理论模型和内容框架,并设立了以度量卡作为企业知识管理能力的评估工具。最后,将此评价体系应用于企业实际测评,发现该评价工具对企业提升技术创新能力和竞争优势提供了较好的知识管理手段。     

建立高校评估机制,促进高校核心竞争力全面提升

高校核心竞争力研究是研究高等教育的一个新领域,是对高等教育发展有巨大推动作用的理论工具。目前,高校核心竞争力的研究处于不断探索阶段,尽管近几年相应的研究与评价取得了一定的成绩,但还没有形成较为完善的研究体系,毕竟高校核心竞争力的研究与评价是一个复杂、系统的综合性问题,实现科学、全面、客观的评价,还需要进行更深入的研究与探索。     

Does the position in the inter-sectoral knowledge space affect the international competitiveness of industries?

ABSTRACT

This paper empirically investigates how the inter-sectoral knowledge flows affect the international competitiveness of industries, once controlling for both cost and other technological factors. Using patent data on 14 manufacturing industries in 16 OECD countries over the period 1995–2009, we apply a network-based approach to capture the effect of industries' position in the flows of technical knowledge across industries, which we label inter-sectoral knowledge space. We find that (i) centrality and local clustering in the inter-sectoral knowledge space positively affect the export market shares of an industry, (ii) such two effects are rather redundant and (iii) national-level knowledge flows' impacts on international competitiveness are way stronger than international ones. Network measures of position in the knowledge space are found to be more relevant than standard technological indicators such as patent counts. Our results point to the importance of industries being well located in the stream of knowledge flows, rather than being innovative per se, and offer a novel yet robust proxy to measure technological factors affecting trade performances. In addition, we find evidence of geographical boundaries of knowledge flows.     

基于熵理论的供应链企业知识创新研究

运用热力学中熵理论的基本原理,研究了知识熵与知识的负熵效应,构造了知识熵的数学模型,分析了企业的知识创新机理,为供应链知识创新管理提供了一种有效的管理思路和方法。     

提高我国企业竞争力的对策研究

企业国际竞争力是构成国家竞争力的基础。拥有强大国际竞争力的企业,借助在全球竞争中的优势地位,不仅能够保障自身的生存和发展,而且能够为本国的繁荣富强作出贡献。从我国企业的现状分析入手,对提高我国企业竞争力提出了科学的建议。     

新经济环境下的企业知识管理战略

知识管理战略成为21世纪新经济形势下企业战略管理的新趋势，其本质在于提升企业的动态能力，以突破企业核心刚性的存在给企业带来的思维惯性及组织智障，通过社会化、外显化、内隐化、综合化的知识管理手段提高企业的创新能力以及适应环境变化的应变能力。在实施知识管理战略的过程中，把握知识管理的核心问题，以系统思想全面思考知识管理体系的建设，为企业赢得可持续发展的竞争优势。     

Core competitiveness of the western enterprise in China： risks and countermeasures

Core competitiveness is the source of competitive advantages as well as the guarantee of value growth of the enterprise. This paper discusses the cause of the risks of the core competitiveness of enterprises and the west enterprise, introduces analytical methods of the risks of the core competitiveness and measures guard against the risks of the core competitiveness.     

Costs,knowledge and market structure: understanding the puzzle of international competitiveness with Greek export data

This is an analysis of the sources of international competitiveness with Greek export data for the period 1987–2007. The framework used in the study incorporates factors that do not only represent cost competitiveness but also shed light on the determinants of economic complexity. Economic complexity is the amount of knowledge capabilities embodied in exports that indicates – as a source of comparative advantage – the ability for product differentiation and product variety. The empirical analysis shows that industries benefit substantially from their own R&D activity but, owing to weak economic complexity in the country, there are no cross-industry knowledge spillovers (both at national and international level) that can benefit export activity. Greek exports were found to be sensitive to relative unit labour costs (RULC) but the most important export component of this index is relative labour productivity and not labour cost. Not all institutional arrangements have the same impact on exports, for example high trade union density might harm competitiveness but this factor is uncorrelated with R&D investment. In the view of these findings, Greece’s route to international competitiveness should be primarily by improving its economic complexity, making sure that the country specialises in productive activities that enrich its knowledge capabilities as well as increase the potential of knowledge transfer.     

基于熵权的TOPSIS法在智能电表评标中的应用

在智能电网设备招投标的整个过程中,最能有效避免风险的两个重要环节就是对投标单位的资格审查和评标。对国家电网公司来讲,评标是招标中至关重要的环节,它将直接关系到对提供智能电表企业的选取结果,而评标方法又是评标工作能否客观、顺利开展的决定性因素。针对传统信息系统项目评标中单纯由主观判断确定指标权重方法的不足,提出了将主观判断与客观情况相结合、定性定量相结合的熵权法来确定指标的权重系数,进而将TOPSIS法与熵权系数综合集成进行合理方案的评价。将该方法应用于智能电表评标过程实践中,取得了较为满意的结果。     

河南中药产业国际竞争力评价及政策建议

运用因子分析法分析了全国各省（区、市）中药产业国际竞争力的基本情况,发现各地区中药产业国际竞争力主要受地区经济发展水平、科技发展水平、中药自然资源状况等因素影响。2006年河南省在中药产业国际竞争力排名中处于中上游水平,中药自然资源优势突出,但中药产业发展相对滞后,需要进一步提高中药产业发展水平,并提出了提高河南省经济和科技发展水平、将中药自然资源优势转化为竞争优势等政策建议。     

城市竞争力评价体系——以我国中、西部主要城市为例

基于既有的城市竞争力评价研究成果,构建了体现我国区域经济、政治体制、人文环境、社会和谐等方面的特殊性和差异性的城市竞争力评价指标体系,并采用熵权法确定各评价指标的权重。以我国中、西部地区18个主要城市为样本,利用2006—2010年样本的指标数据,运用GM(1,1)模型对2011—2015年样本的指标数据进行预测,并利用该预测值进行实证分析,即根据模糊聚类原理划分被评价对象的灰类、确定其白化权函数。最后得出我国中、西地区18个主要城市所属的灰类及未来竞争力的排名,并针对现阶段各城市的情况提出了发展方向。     

因子分析法在城市竞争力评价中的应用

随着城市化进程的加快,城市数量不断增加,城市在社会经济生活中的主导功能愈加显著。在当今全球性经济大协作、资源市场大竞争时代,城市作为区域经济、政治、科技和教育文化发展中心,已成为社会的主角,而决定每个城市在激烈市场竞争中的地位、作用、未来发展态势的主要因素是它们各自拥有的综合竞争力。文章从五个方面选取30个指标,采用因子分析法对山东省17个城市的竞争力进行了分析与评价,以供决策参考。     

Evaluating the competitiveness of enterprise’s technology based on LDA topic model

ABSTRACT

With the advent of the knowledge economy, technology has become the foundation of advancement for many enterprises. To maintain a lasting competitive edge, enterprises must accurately determine the competitiveness of particular technologies. However, emerging innovations are becoming more and more complex, and interdisciplinary trends complicate matters even further. In the competitiveness evaluation based on patent, traditional patent classifications are both loose and time-sensitive. In this paper, we constructed the evaluation model of enterprise’s technology competitiveness based on the technological topics generated by a latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic model. LDA topic model is able to classify technologies into narrower categories and can, therefore, provide rich information on the competitive landscape of a field. Two indexes are used to determine the technological competitiveness of an enterprise in the model – a specialisation index and a diversification index. At the same time, we explore the distribution of enterprises with different technological topics through the relative share, the technology’s appeal, and the competitive advantage that technology might give an enterprise. The empirical study on intelligent connected vehicles validates the model, and the results provide theoretical support for developing R&D strategies and/or making investment decisions.     

基于“GEM”模型对湖南醴陵陶瓷产业集群竞争力的评价

运用GEM模型对湖南醴陵陶瓷产业集群的竞争力进行实证性评价,结果显示湖南醴陵陶瓷产业集群具有超过全国平均水平的实力,但作为全国瓷城的湖南醴陵,在其陶瓷产业集群的发展过程中仍存在很多的问题,使其聚集效应没有得到充分的发挥。这些问题的存在影响了湖南醴陵陶瓷产业集群集聚效应的充分发挥,不利于实现陶瓷产业集群的整体竞争优势,也使集群内企业难以成长。总体来说竞争优势不明显。在上述研究的基础上提出进一步提升湖南醴陵陶瓷产业集群竞争力的政策建议。     

国际物流企业人才知识结构与培养分析

本文分析了国际物流企业人才的知识结构，并提出学校培养与企业在职培训模式的关键所在。     

熵权模糊综合评判在商业地产后评价中的应用

在进行商业地产后评价中,通过引入“熵权”概念,提出将评价指标的客观熵权与重要性的主观权重相结合,避免了传统的专家打分法的不确定性和随意性。建立熵权模糊综合评判模型,运用该模型对杭州湖滨商业街项目进行后评价,在实际运用中取得了满意的效果。     

Fuzzy evaluations applied in analysis of infrastructure development based on national competitiveness perspectives

Policy makers often need to determine which key projects should be prioritised for national infrastructure investment. In this light, this research uses the evaluating indicators for infrastructure as found in the World Competitiveness Yearbook and proposes a leading and lagging fuzzy score graphics-based model to achieve the following objectives: a) distinguish the leading and lagging degree of each indicator more accurately; b) assist policy makers to find out the strongest and the (relatively) weakest infrastructure items and c) highlight the key fields of national infrastructure that need improvement. Taiwan is used as a case study to test the viability of the model proposed. We show how this methodology will help policy makers to determine the key issues requiring improvement towards the national infrastructure system.     

基于模糊层次分析法对大连市城市化水平综合测度

通过对城市化内涵的探究,得出人口等单一指标测度的城市化水平,已经不能反映城市化的全部内涵,因此,应采用层次分析法对大连市城市化水平进行综合测度。然而,传统层次分析法由于在构造判断矩阵时受单个专家主观偏好影响较大,因此,应用模糊综合评判对层次分析法构造的各指标权重进行评判,并对测度结果进行分析。     

The role of tacit knowledge in connecting knowledge exchange and combination with innovation

Using the Resource-Based View, this paper aims to provide a better understanding of the effect of knowledge on innovation. With this general aim in mind, we relate knowledge’s nature (tacit vs. explicit) and process (e.g. knowledge exchange and combination) to innovation. Using a sample of 105 innovative firms, we find a positive linear effect of tacit knowledge on innovation and a curvilinear relationship between knowledge exchange and combination and innovation. We also find a moderating effect of tacit knowledge on the curvilinear relationship between knowledge exchange and combination and innovation. We speculate on our findings and connect them to previous theory.     

基于熵权法的知识链合作伙伴选择研究

讨论了知识链合作伙伴的选择问题。首先确定了选择的评价指标体系,然后将指标的重要性权重和熵权相结合得到指标的综合权重,在此基础上给出了综合评价方法,最后进行了实例分析。