公允价值计量对财务报告影响的检验研究

目前对公允价值计量方式引入新会计准则后产生影响的分析,还仅是理论上的,具体的影响程度如何,还需要进一步的实证数据说明。本文从公允价值计量方式的运用、引入公允价值计量方式有用性的理论分析及对公允价值计量方式对上市公司财务报告有用性影响的市场数据检验三方面,论证了公允价值计量方式对提高财务报告有用性的影响。     

论我国财务会计报告

随着市场经济日益完善和知识经济时代的快速发展,现行的财务会计报告已不能满足经济发展的要求。文章针对现行财务会计报告反映的可靠性、相关性、软性资产、未来风险等方面的信息不够以及信息披露方式单一、内容缺乏及时性等问题,提出了改进现行财务会计报告的几点建议,对今后财务会计报告的改革和发展有一定的意义。     

论我国财务会计报告

随着市场经济日益完善和知识经济时代的快速发展,现行的财务会计报告已不能满足经济发展的要求.文章针对现行财务会计报告反映的可靠性、相关性、软性资产、未来风险等方面的信息不够以及信息披露方式单一、内容缺乏及时性等问题,提出了改进现行财务会计报告的几点建议,对今后财务会计报告的改革和发展有一定的意义.     

中期财务报告准则的比较研究

为提高上市公司会计信息质量，更好地保护投资者利益，2001年11月，财政部发布了《企业会计准则——中期财务报告》。鉴于美国是实行中期报告制度最早的国家，其制度也相对完善，本文拟将我国中期财务报准则同美国的相关准则及国际会计准则IAS34作粗浅的比较分析。通过比较分析，借鉴国外准则之长处，有利于推动我国中期报告理论和实务的发展。     

Carbon Trading: Accounting and Reporting Issues

The impetus for this special debating forum arises from the concern about the impact of anthropogenic induced global climate change (GCC) and the assumption that GCC raises issues of significance with respect to the accountability of firms to stakeholders for financial and non-financial performance. Governments and supra-national bodies have sought to respond to GCC in a variety of ways, with the creation of markets in which carbon may be traded being just one manifestation. Carbon markets have the effect of putting a price on what was until very recently free and this change is likely to have financial consequences for firms in the longer term. In order to place the accounting implications of carbon markets in context, the paper provides a scientific and policy introduction to GCC. As regards accounting issues, the paper reviews the problems that are associated with the valuation of pollution allowances and their identification as assets (and the liabilities that arise if companies pollute beyond allowed levels). A closer inspection of the risks and uncertainties that arise from GCC initiates a discussion of non-financial accounting and reporting about carbon. Non-financial reporting is necessary to allow conditions for democratic accountability in an uncertain setting.     

上市公司财务呈报管制的理性分析

会计信息公共物品的性质、会计信息不对称的现象、会计信息供给的自然垄断性等因素的存在所造成的市场失灵,使得上市公司财务呈报管制成为必需。但财务呈报管制有其一定的负面效应,因此人们应认清财务呈报管制的双刃性,在财务呈报管制过程中进行理性选择。     

Variations in the Financial Reporting Environment and Earnings Forecasting

This paper examines variations in the financial reporting environment internationally. In particular, I investigate the relation between variations in accounting‐related institutional factors (choice, accrual accounting and enforcement) and the accuracy of analysts' earnings forecasts. Controlling for firm‐ and country‐level factors, I document that the extent of choice among accounting methods is associated with lower forecast accuracy. This finding is consistent with analysts' performance suffering from the increased task complexity (and/or managers using flexibility for purposes other than to provide information). The degree of prescribed accrual accounting is positively correlated with forecast accuracy, consistent with both accruals providing useful information and with the smoothing function of accruals. Enforcement of accounting standards is positively related with forecast accuracy, suggesting that enforcement encourages managers to follow prescribed rules, which, in turn, reduces analysts' uncertainty. Finally, I examine whether the roles of accrual accounting and choice vary with the level of enforcement. Although univariate tests support these interaction hypotheses, multivariate tests do not.     

财务困境上市公司财务报告舞弊预警模型研究

本文选择2004～2012年间被证监会处罚的48家处于财务困境中的财务报告舞弊上市公司和48家正常公司为样本,以舞弊前三年到舞弊年度为研究区间,利用配对样本T检验和Wilcoxon符号秩检验在选取的31个财务指标中筛选存在显著差异的指标,通过Logistic回归技术构建基于财务困境的上市公司财务报告舞弊预警模型.模型对舞弊公司预警的有效性高达91.7％,综合有效性达到88.5％,取得了显著的预警效果.     

浅析XBRL的应用对财务报告的影响

21世纪,信息技术的发展给会计环境带来了巨大的冲击,使得传统的纸质财务报告已经不再能很好地满足信息使用者的要求。可扩展商业报告语言改变了传统的财务报告模式,实现了会计信息国际化和财务报告全球化。本文概述了XBRL的基本概念及其应用优势,并系统指出了其存在的一些问题由此提出一系列解决方案。     

Explanatory Factors of Integrated Sustainability and Financial Reporting

The complexity of the business world has led to growing demands being made of companies regarding the information provided on their financial performance, corporate governance and contribution to developing sustainability. In response, some leading companies have begun to publish integrated reporting, in the form of a document providing a coherent summary of this information, thus facilitating stakeholder engagement. This paper examines the validity of the hypotheses of the theories of agency and of signalling, and analyses the political costs and those borne by owners in voluntarily developing this new type of business document. More specifically, in order to determine their prevalence among the suggested reasons for these paradigms, we analyse the effect of industry concentration, together with other factors, in the development of integrated reporting. The analysis of a non‐balanced sample of 1590 international companies for the years 2008–2010, in which a logistic regression methodology is applied to panel data, reveals the negative impact of industry concentration on the development of a more pluralist report, simultaneously taking into account stakeholders, sustainability and the long‐term viewpoint, as well as questions of responsible investment, business ethics and transparency. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

中美军队财务会计报告目标比较与借鉴

近年来中国军队后勤改革,使中关两国军队所面临的军事经济环境逐渐趋同。本文通过对两国军队财务会计报告的比较,分析了异同点及原因,提出了借鉴美国军队经验改进中国军队财务会计报告的思路。     

解读上市公司财务报告的方法

我国会计准则制定机构指出财务报表有别于现行法律、行政法规中使用的会计报表。财务报表除了会计报表之外,还包括附注,而会计报表没有附注。下面就针对这个问题进行探讨。     

Determinants of Internet Financial Reporting by New Zealand Companies

The development of the Internet as a global medium for the dissemination of corporate financial information creates a new reporting environment. Extensive literature examines the determinants of voluntary financial reporting through traditional media such as print–based annual reports. This paper extends this literature by examining the voluntary adoption of the Internet as a medium for transmitting financial reports and determinants of such voluntary practice by New Zealand companies. The results indicate that some determinants of traditional financial reporting—firm size, liquidity, industrial sector and spread of shareholding—are determinants of voluntary adoption of Internet financial reporting (IFR). However, other firm characteristics, such as leverage, profitability and internationalization do not explain the choice to use the Internet as a medium for corporate financial reporting.     

Capital Allocation Effects of Financial Reporting Regulation and Enforcement

This paper analyses the effects of stricter financial reporting enforcement on capital allocation and reporting quality in a game-theoretic model and derives conclusions about optimal enforcement strictness. Analysis of the model shows that reporting quality strictly increases with tighter enforcement. However, the effect of stricter enforcement on capital allocation is non-monotonic. Intermediate enforcement strictness results in overdeterrence of viable projects even without costs of compliance. This effect can be alleviated by means of either less or more stringent enforcement.     

现行财务会计报告模式改进的探讨

随着信息技术的发展,现行财务会计报告模式正面临严峻挑战。如何建立适应经济发展和时代要求的财务会计报告模式已成为会计探讨的热点问题。本文从通用财务会计报告模式的分析入手,探讨了理想财务会计报告模式的设想和网络环境下以通用财务会计报告模式为基础,建立交互式按需报告模式的思路和联合按需报告模式的发展方向,旨在通过网络手段改进现行的财务会计报告模式,不断适应和满足信息使用者的需求。     

公允价值计量:一个世界性的财务报告难题

公允价值计量是一个公认的世界性财务报告难题,"定义"和"计量级次"是该难题的症结所在。我们分析了IASB与FASB为改进公允价值定义和计量级次所做的尝试和所取得的成果,它们的经验对完善我国新准则公允价值计量应用有借鉴作用。