“五维”框架下中国养老保险制度政府财政责任机制改革的环境分析

养老保险制度政府财政责任的改革需要在特定的社会经济环境和制度环境中进行。本文基于\"五维\"环境框架对中国养老保险制度政府财政责任改革环境进行分析,发现养老保险制度政府财政责任改革的经济环境包括经济增长、财政收支变化,政治环境包括执政理念、党的认识、政府职能变化,社会环境包括人口老龄化、人口流动变化,文化环境包括孝文化和节俭储蓄文化,制度环境包括责任主体负担畸轻畸重、多支柱养老保险制度体系还未建立、财政责任转嫁。     

我国农村地区金融排斥研究

金融排斥理论是一门新兴理论。文章介绍了国内外金融排斥的研究现状,结合我国实际,研究我国农村地区金融排斥的空间差异,并通过建立计数模型,解析影响农村金融排斥的主要因素,提出如何实现城乡统筹视角下农村经济和金融的可持续性发展,体现了研究的实际意义。     

企业会计舞弊的社会环境因子探析

社会活动存在于社会环境之中,社会环境制约着社会活动。同样,企业会计舞弊萌芽、产生、蔓延于一定的社会环境之中。当社会环境利于企业会计舞弊生存发育时,企业会计舞弊便不以人的意志为转移,来势凶猛,甚至愈演愈烈;当社会环境不利于企业会计舞弊生存发育时,企业会计舞弊就会自然枯竭。所以,研究企业会计舞弊的社会环境因子,对于遏制企业会计舞弊有着重要的意义。     

移动互联网可及性、金融排斥与商业健康保险参与——来自CHFS数据的证据

基于2017年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,使用Probit和Tobit模型,研究了移动互联网可及性对商业健康保险参与的影响。研究发现：移动互联网可及性能显著提高商业健康保险的参与概率和程度,对城镇、户主受教育程度高和成员有创业经历的家庭的影响更大。采用所在小区智能手机平均数量作为工具变量进行内生性处理,使用移动支付替换关键变量,结论均稳健成立。机制分析表明移动互联网可及性可通过缓解金融排斥促进家庭参与商业健康保险。     

社会创业研究

社会创业作为一种新的事物,被中国多接受是近几年的事。它是兼具社会性和经济性的创业活动。社会创业在欧洲及美国形成较早,总结欧美的研究成果对于社会创业活动在中国的发展具有积极的意义。本文旨在总结国内外社会创业的研究成果,及对我国社会企业发展的现状分析,为我国社会创业的发展、壮大开拓视野。     

Financial Access and Economic Growth: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

This study empirically analyzes the effects of financial access on economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. By estimating panel data on thirty-seven countries from Sub-Saharan Africa between 2004 and 2012, we examine whether improved access to financial services has contributed to economic growth in this region. The empirical results clearly indicate that financial access has a statistically significant and robust effect on increasing economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa.     

The Dynamics of Household Wealth Accumulation in Italy

We examine the dynamics of wealth accumulation distribution in Italy using data drawn from the Survey of Household Income and Wealth, a representative survey of the Italian population conducted by the Bank of Italy. We compare survey data with National Accounts data and discuss sample representativeness, attrition and measurement issues. We then look at wealth inequality (the cross‐sectional dispersion of wealth) and wealth mobility (individual transitions across the wealth distribution) and examine the age profile of wealth using repeated cross‐sectional data. Finally, we consider various explanations for the pattern of wealth accumulation in Italy, focusing on retirement, bequests, income risk, health shocks and credit market imperfections.     

Public engagement through social media: the spending review experience

This paper, relying on three empirical cases of spending reviews carried out in Europe, investigates how social media has been used to engage citizens in spending review processes. The authors explain the differences in levels of engagement between the use of social media (Web 2.0 tools) compared to traditional Web 1.0 tools. Finally, they discuss how government might genuinely listen to its citizens and work with them.     

经济全球化趋势下我国银行业发展对策

加入WTO后,我国金融市场将在短期内全面对外开放,我国银行业面临严峻挑战。为此,我们应采取以下对策:转变政府职能,增强抵御风险的能力;加快发展商业银行的中间业务;积极探索对外合作,发展海外机构;加快电子化进程,提高银行技术效率。     

The Evolution and Development of the Swedish Insurance Market

In this paper we provide an overview of the historical development of the insurance market in Sweden from the eighteenth century up to modern times. We consider theoretical perspectives drawn from the economics and political regulation literature that might help to explain important institutional features of the market - in particular, its oligopoly structure, the lack of foreign participation and the significant presence of mutual forms of organisation. We also offer a prognosis as to the current challenges and prospects of the Swedish insurance market in an increasingly competitive and global market.     

社会契约理论对社会保障制度的启示

社会契约理论解释了个人权利让渡和国家权力的诞生,以及这过程中各自拥有的权利义务。社会保障制度作为一项社会制度,重在保障国民的基本生存权利,理论上也是干预与自由的关系。社会保障制度的责任主体是国家和政府,它通过再分配促进社会公平,具有强制性,给社会成员提供基本生活需求的保障。这些特征,与社会契约理论的思想不谋而合。本文认为,社会契约理论对社会保障制度的建立、实施奠定了理论基础,同时社会契约理论运用在社会保障领域,确立了个人的主体地位,其蕴含的让渡、妥协精神成为社会保障的思想源泉。同时我们也要警惕由于对社会契约理论的误读造成的集体主义的极端偏好以及激进的平等主义等思潮。只有重新审视社会契约理论,正确认识其自由主义传统,才能更好地理解社会契约理论对社会保障制度的启示。     

\"经济人\"假定的范围界定——关于\"经济人\"用于公共管理领域的评析

“经济人”假定只适用于在市场经济中从事经济活动的人,政府公共部门的人性假定应当是社会人而非经济人。公共选择理论套用“经济人”利益最大化假定,从理论上是以单一人性代替双重人性,以人的单一需求代替多重需求,以私人物品代替公共产品;从方法论上看,由于陷入分析的表面化和片面性,得出的结论与客观现实难以吻合,犯了以现象代替本质的形而上学错误。公共选择学派的经济人假定易于得出政府干预失灵的结论,使理论与实践陷入新自由化思潮而危及经济发展。     

我国农村政策性金融发展的社会网络因素分析

农村政策性金融发展不仅需要从经济有效性视角进行一般分析,还需要从社会合理性视角和经济社会学视角进行探索研究。本文采取跨学科交叉性研究方法,运用新经济社会学相关理论和方法,将农村政策性金融的运行和发展置于其所在的社会网络背景之中,从而在社会网络的制约与影响中进行研究。本文认为农村社会金融网络场域为农村政策性金融发展提供了基本的载体,农村政策性金融应该以农村弱势群体为服务对象;嵌于社会网络中的社会资本需求对农村政策性金融发展具有间接的拉动作用,并提出了构建良性互动、充分发挥农村政策性金融功能的途径和建议。     

To fear or not to fear? Applying the social amplification of risk framework on two environmental health risks in Singapore

Abstract

Smoke haze and dengue fever seasons were nationwide environmental health risk events that plagued Singapore between April and June 2013. Although relatively harmless compared to dengue fever, people in Singapore were visibly more disturbed by smoke haze. They engaged in preventive behaviors such as frantic purchasing of protective masks or staying indoors most of the time. Such reactions hint at the possibility of the social amplification of risk, a term coined to explain irrationally high public concerns over relatively minor risk issues, due to the visible nature of the risk event or people’s reactions to it. The current study aims to confirm the social amplification of risk for the haze event, as well as to test for the underlying reasons behind this phenomenon. Among the antecedents explored were the influence of information channels (traditional media and social media) on risk perception, negative affect, information seeking, and information sharing on the enactment of preventive behaviors. Data were collected from a sample of 343 college students through an online questionnaire. Results supported the presence of social amplification of risk for the haze event, and social media exposure was found to overshadow the influence of traditional media exposure on risk perception, negative affect, information seeking, information sharing, and preventive behaviors.     

La medición del desempeño social empresarial a través de las redes sociales

Corporate social performance (CSP) has been studied extensively by management scholars, yet most approaches to its measurement continue to be ambiguous, controversial and difficult to research. In this paper, we propose measuring CSP via the construct of stakeholder satisfaction through social media. Using organizational justice theory, we argue that the satisfaction of stakeholder expectations can be understood partly through the perception of unjust corporate behavior, which is then expressed by stakeholders through social media. The explosion of social networking and microblogging has made it possible for people to express opinions with respect to the economic, social, and environmental events for all sorts of firms. We test these ideas using event study methods with a sample of 5,440 observations from ten firms. We find preliminary evidence of the sensitivity of social media to these events.     

Exploring the design of conscious media

Our existing model of media, based upon a consumptive-materialist–atomistic orientation, falls short in seeking to promote mainstream awareness of systemic and integral thinking in society-at-large. This paper presents evolutionary guidance media, a new model for media arising from evolutionary perspectives including systems science, humanistic, transpersonal and integral studies designed to promote planetary consciousness and give rise to an ecological–spiritual–integral mindset. Two key elements of evolutionary guidance media are discussed: a databank containing purposeful data from nine or more dimensions of human activity, and transception, the infusion of cyberception with qualities arising from mutual causality. Specific types of transception are introduced including Gaiaception, Agoraception, and Dharmaception. Organizations and companies already in the process of creating green media, socially responsible media, and spiritual, or transformational media are vanguards of the development of conscious media.     

社会保障对人力资本及其经济增长的影响——基于中国1989-2008年的数据

伴随我国经济的高速增长,社会保障问题日益凸显。如何完善社会保障制度以更好地促进经济增长成为社会各界关注的重点。在新经济增长理论的影响下,经济学家们开始以人力资本作为中间变量,从社会保障影响人力资本及其形成过程的角度来论证社会保障与经济增长的关系。本文选取中国1989-2008年的数据为研究样本,运用协整理论来检验社会保障、人力资本积累与经济增长之间的关系。结果显示,在现收现付制下,社会保障水平的提高有利于促进人力资本积累,而提高社会保障缴费率对人力资本积累存在正负两种影响。