加强自身建设 促进和谐发展——试论加强新形势下工会自身建设

新形势下,工会如何根据新情况,加强自身建设,促进和谐发展,已经成为工会顺利工作的前提,本文简单论述了新形势下工作应该如何加强自身建设。     

浅谈煤炭企业工会如何做好思想政治工作

煤炭企业工会作为党委与职工联系的重要纽带,应结合当前思想政治发展的新特点以及职工思想动态等,进一步发挥工会的作用,做好煤炭企业思想政治工作,促进企业可持续发展。     

Dealing with class: orthodox public discourse and Australian trade unionism

The purpose of this article is to identify and explain some of the processes by which alignments of language, power and knowledge, and their concrete manifestations, are transformed. This theoretical discussion is then applied to the history of Australian trade unions from the late nineteenth century, in order to gain an understanding of the process that led to the development of the Australian system of arbitration and conciliation. The article also includes the argument that the role played by trade unions within the Australian social world has been substantially configured in keeping with the discursive limitations of this system.     

Competitiveness and Integration of Product Markets

This article develops a two-country, two-sector model with imperfect competition in one sector and asymmetric labor market structures in the sense that trade unions have wage bargaining power in one country whereas the labor market is competitive in the other country. We use a new approach to model product market integration, and it turns out that the unionized country gains from integration in terms of welfare, and, if the initial level of integration is relatively low, experiences an increase in employment and investment.     

A heckscher-ohlin-samuelson interpretation of the labor-environmental coalition in Seattle

The coalition of North American labor unions and environmental organizations that joined in Seattle in 1999 is examined in the context of a Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson simulation in which a labor abundant developing country, with a comparative advantage in a globally polluting industry but a weak environmental policy, endeavors to export some of the output of that industry to a capital abundant industrialized country but is thwarted by a trade sanction that requires it to adopt the strong environmental policy of the industrialized country as a precondition for trade. Labor unions in the industrialized country and environmental organizations both gain when the developing country complies with the sanctions but lose out when the World Trade Organization overrules the sanctions as barriers to free trade.     

Trade Unions in Local and Regional Development and Governance: The Northern Trades Union Congress in North East England

From a position of relative isolation, trade unions have become increasingly important agents in local and regional development and governance in the UK since the election of the New Labour government in 1997. Analysis of the experience of the Northern Trades Union Congress (NTUC) suggests that devolution and regionalisation are exerting increasing pressures upon trade union federations to adopt a multi-level approach to organisation across a range of scales—local, sub-regional, regional, sub-national, national and international—to connect with the evolving multi-layered governance structures of the UK political economy. Strategic multi-level organisation suggests the decentralisation of power, authority and resources within the labour movement—challenging the national and centralised legacy of its collective bargaining history—and a division of labour and set of priorities at the different scales to build the links between local and regional engagement and trade union renewal.     

Trade Policy Versus Competition Policy: Substitutes or Complements?

This paper deals with the difference between trade policy and competition policy for domestic prices, wages, and employment when product and labour markets are imperfectly competitive. We show that in the presence of country-specific institutions like trade unions, trade policy and competition policy are no longer substitutes in disciplining product and labour market distortions. While both domestic entry and foreign imports affect domestic price-cost margins, they differ in their effectiveness and their impact on the domestic labour market. The results in this paper suggest that enforcement of competition policy without a sufficient degree of openness to imports is typically not a first-best outcome. While domestic entry increases union welfare, foreign imports reduce it. Competition policy in the presence of labour unions is insufficient to reduce labour market distortions, while international competition reduces both labour and product distortions.     

Fisher’s hypothesis,survey-based expectations and asymmetric adjustments: Empirical evidence from South Africa

Our study re-examines Fisher’s hypothesis for the South African economy in the post-inflation targeting era and presents two empirical novelties over preceding works for the same country. Firstly, we examine Fisher effect by making use of survey-based inflation expectations data for financial analysts, business sector, trade unions and households, hence making our study more disaggregate in nature. Secondly, we examine both short-run and long-run asymmetric cointegration effects in Fisher’s relation using the nonlinear autoregressive distributive lag (NARDL) model as an econometric framework. For the full quarterly sample of 2002:01 – 2019:04, our study finds interest rates respond more aggressively to falling expectations than rising ones, with a full Fisher effect found for financial analysts, partial effects for households and business, and no effect for trade unions. However, when the data is split into two sub-samples corresponding to pre- and post-financial crisis periods, we observe changing dynamics in which interest rates respond more aggressively to rising inflation, with partial effects being also found for trade unions. Policy recommendations based on our study are offered.

     

Labour's share in twentieth-century Sweden: a reinterpretation

The distribution of national income between capital and labour is a classical theme in political economy. This paper takes a long-run perspective to the issue and asks two questions: How did the distribution of income between capital and labour develop in Sweden from 1900 to 2000? And how can this development best be explained? It is shown that labour's share in Sweden in the 100 years from 1900 to 2000 saw three important shifts, and the three shifts are analyzed. Around 1920, there was a surge in labour's share as workers mobilised in trade unions and universal suffrage and the eight-hour working day in manufacturing strengthened the bargaining power of workers. From 1950 until the late 1970s, there was another period of an increasing labour share, when the welfare state expanded and trade unions were strong. Contra the well-known postwar wage moderation analysis, there was no wage moderation in Sweden during the 1950s and 1960s, but rather the opposite: wages increased faster than productivity which caused a redistribution from capital to labour and reduced income inequality. The third shift occurred around 1980 when labour's share started a continuous decrease, beginning with several devaluations intended to increase profitability and competitiveness of Swedish business.     

Liberalization of Russia’s trade with the European Union,BRICS, and Trans-Pacific Partnership countries

The general trade effects and changes in the commodity and geographical trade structures for Russia under the condition of integrating trade with countries of the European Union, BRICS and Trans-Pacific Partnership have been estimated in the article. It has been stated that it is preferable for the Russian economy to approach European Union countries in order to obtain the maximum values of the welfare effect and trade-creation effect, and to proportionally increase the export and import volumes with the BRICS countries. Based on the prolongation of the shortterm tendencies, the long-term challenges to the Russian economy and possibilities of liberalizing trade with the mentioned trade unions have been specified.     

Customs unions and comparative advantage

This paper constructs a simple, general equilibrium trade modelto investigate how the formation of unconstrained, GATT-constrained,and Kemp-Wan customs unions affects inter-bloc tariffs and welfare.A central point of the paper is that the liberalization of intra-uniontrade creates incentives for all parties to reduce their remainingtariffs. Despite this, regional integration may not benefitnon-member countries and, depending on trade patterns and comparativeadvantage, it may raise welfare of members more than a regimeof globally free trade.     

The Spanish socialists in power: thirteen years of economic policy

This article analyses the economic policy in Spain during thegovernments of the Spanish Socialist Party, the PSOE (1982-96).It considers the different areas of economic policy such asmonetary, exchange-rate, and industrial policy, with specialemphasis on labour policy and welfare state issues. Taking intoaccount the difficult economic situation in 1982, there weresome important advances in social policy and progressive taxationduring the 1980s. However, the main economic objective of the1982 electoral programme, to reduce unemployment, failed: whenthe PSOE came to power, the unemployment rate was 16 per cent,and when it left government the rate was over 22 per cent. Moreover,in the opinion of the authors, the most negative element wasthe push to change the labour market, promoting the causalizationof labour relations, eroding the trade unions and strengtheningthe power of employers.     

工会组织如何围绕矿山企业工作重点开展立功竞赛的实践与思考

如何根据矿山企业的工作重点,创新开展立功竞赛,为企业稳健持续发展做出应有贡献,是每一个工会干部应思考的问题。本文结合企业实际,在"转观念、抓改革、调结构、促发展"大讨论活动的重大意义,对工会组织在新形势下如何创新立功竞赛,展现工会组织的新作为做几点思考。     

Trade Liberalization and Labor Unions

The present note builds a two-country model of Cournot oligopoly with country-specific labor unions. The impact of trade liberalization on wages and its consequent impact on union behavior and trade patterns are examined. We show that the union with relatively fewer number of firms will face the stronger pressure for wage moderation when trade is liberalized. We use this result to construct a simple example in which a country with higher autarky price becomes a net exporter of that good. We also discuss that our results are critically dependent on the mode of competition between firms.     

跨境生产分享与东亚地区一体化:中国的作用

本文考察了跨境生产分享对官方一体化的影响,结论是它促进了单一市场政策的实施,而不利于自由贸易区和关税同盟的建立。此外,市场导向的一体化降低了贸易对汇率变动的敏感度,对各国的汇率政策产生影响。文章还考察了中国在建立包含生产分享的地区一体化中的作用。     

Real effects of common currencies in East Asia

Since the 1997 Asian currency crisis, new interest has emerged in the formation of a common currency area in East Asia. This paper provides estimates of trade and welfare effects of East Asian currency unions, using a micro-founded gravity model. Counter-factual experiments to assess the effects of various hypothetical currency arrangements for East Asia suggest that an East Asian currency union will double bilateral trade in the region, but the resulting welfare effects will be moderate. However, if Japan, a major trade partner for East Asia, is included in the union, welfare effects increase substantially. The evidence thus suggests that certain regional currency arrangements in East Asia will stimulate regional trade rigorously and can generate economically significant welfare gains.     

Rose effect and the euro: is the magic gone?

This paper presents an updated meta-analysis of the effect of currency unions on trade, focusing on the euro area. Using meta-regression methods such as the funnel asymmetry test, evidence for strong publication bias is found. The estimated underlying effect for currency unions other than the eurozone reaches more than 60%. However, according to the meta-regression analysis, the euro’s trade promoting effect corrected for publication bias is insignificant. The Rose effect literature shows signs of the economics research cycle: reported t-statistic is a quadratic concave function of the publication year. Explanatory meta-regression (robust fixed effects and random effects), that can explain about 70% of the heterogeneity in the literature, suggests that results published by some authors might consistently differ from the mainstream output and that study outcomes are systematically dependent on study design (usage of panel data, short- or long-run nature, number of countries in the data set).     

基于“三方协调”机制的民营企业劳动关系构建

文章以民营企业劳动关系存在的问题为切入点，对劳动关系的运行机制进行了分析，提出了构建民营企业和谐劳动关系的对策，即建立起包括政府、企业主组织、工会在内的“三方协调”机制。     

创建学习型企业 切实履行工会职责

对创建学习型企业,切实履行工会职责进行了论述,认为时代发展、提高企业核心竞争力及工会自身发展的需要,应树立"终身学习"、"学习是自我发展的前提"、树立"服务"的理念,目标责任机制。     

Effect of Korean trade union on wage discrimination between regular and irregular workers

Whether the dual labor market structure implied by employment type and unionization causes wage discrimination is an intriguing and relevant policy question in the context of South Korea. This study examines the effect of trade unions on wage discrimination against irregular workers by extracting and comparing the ratios of the discriminatory wage gap by employment type between unionized and non-unionized workplaces. As per the analysis, all generalized decomposition frameworks show that the presence of trade unions expands discrimination regardless of the employment type. In addition, the effects of unionization on the degree of discrimination differ by factors characterized by the dual labor market. The effects are statistically significantly greater for women, youth, service industries, and white-collar jobs.