上市公司商业负债影响因素的实证研究

本文通过对2000-2004年、1995-2004年深沪两市A股上市公司混合数据的实证分析发现:行业因素对商业负债的水平不存在显著性影响;商业负债水平与总资产规模、净利润正相关,而与企业成长性、盈利质量负相关.本文还针对实证检验的结果提出以下建议:(1)上市公司应减少自然融资方式所带来的风险.(2)相关法律应加强对债权人的保护.(4)会计规范应该强化上市公司对商业负债信息的披露.     

企业负债期限结构研究综述

合理确定企业的资本结构一直是经济学界关注的焦点。自Modigliani和Miller(1958)提出著名的MM定理以来，学术界对负债融资与股权融资之间的不同组合对企业价值的影响进行了大量研究，并已形成了多种资本结构理论。比如，Harris和Raviv，(1991)在他们经典的综述性论文《资本结构理论》一     

负债融资与股权融资

企业在进行生产经营活动中 ,首先面临的一个重要问题就是筹措资金。企业筹资的目的可能是对现有设备更新改造 ,盘活现有资产 ;可能是扩大生产 ,降低单位产品成本 ,提高企业的竞争力 ;更可能是出于偿还旧债的考虑。企业自有资金毕竟是有限的 ,因此常向外部筹集。一般地说 ,企业外部筹资渠道主要包括吸收外资、银行借款、发行有价证券和股票。本文将它们分为负债融资和股权融资两种方式。在筹资决策中 ,既应考虑资金筹集的费用成本 ,更应考虑财务杠杆对风险和收益的影响 ,以取得最佳筹资效益和资本结构。一、两种融资方式的特点1、吸收外资、…     

对企业负债正向作用的分析

企业在设计资本结构时，如能恰当利用负债将为企业带来价值增值。从国外公司的经验及统计资料来看，负债在企业总资本的比重呈上升趋势。公司采用负债的方式融资，对其经营有许多积极的意义。企业在设计资本结构时应根据其资产性质及经营收入的确定性与否采用不同的负债比例。     

中国上市公司资本结构与融资方式分析

资本结构理论是基于实现企业价值最大化或股东财富最大化的目标，研究企业资本结构中债务资本和权益资本的比例变化对企业价值的影响。本文阐述了现代西方资本结构理论中的MM理论，权衡模型，激励理论，非对称信息论和控制理论的内容。在此基础上结合中国的实际情况分析了中国企业特别是上市公司偏好股权融资的现象，并对影响中国上市公司融资偏好的原因及股权融资偏好的影响进行了剖析。     

我国上市公司资本结构的分析

文章分析了我国各行业上市公司资本结构的现状 ,指出了上市公司融资时普遍存在的股权偏好问题 ,并阐述了形成这种状况的各种原因 ,最后提出解决这种融资偏好的几点建议     

优化上市公司资本结构的对策

上市公司的资本结构是由于公司采取不同的筹资方式形成的,表现为公司长期资本的构成及比例关系。各种筹资方式及其不同组合决定着公司的资本结构及其变化。公司如何根据较为成熟的现代资本结构理论制定本公司的融资决策,安排公司的资本结构对公司价值最大化具有极为重要的意义。     

中国上市公司IPO后的融资行为

对我国上市公司的融资行为．国内学术界的普遍观点是我国上市公司存在股权融资行为。本文基于现金流量表数据，研究上市公司对股权融资、债务融资以及内部融资的相对偏好程度。研究发现．2000年上市的公司在2000～2003年的融资行为和1996年以前上市的公司在1998～2003年的融资行为都不支持股权融资偏好，除个别年份外，在上市公司的实际融资中，内部融资或者借款融资高于股权融资。     

中国上市公司资本结构变动稳定性研究

1　前言自从Ｍｏｄｉｇｌｉａｎｉ＆Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ于 1958年提出资本结构无关论以来 ,围绕资本结构问题的理论和实证研究层出不穷。实证研究的结果大都支持以代理成本和信号显示学说为基础的现代资本结构理论 ,并以此解释了最优资本结构的存在性。然而以往的实证研究大多属于静态或比较静态研究 ,横截面实证资本结构问题 ,很少关注资本结构在时间维度上的变动状况。本文试图在此方面有所突破 ,着眼研究中国上市公司资本结构变动的时变特征。2　数据来源、指标选择与研究方法　　本文的数据来源于利多证券投资分析系统 ,选择 1997年～ 2 0 0 1…     

我国上市公司负债融资期限结构的实证研究

本文以沪深135家上市公司财务数据为研究对象,以国内外关于负债期限结构的研究文献为基础,对我国上市公司负债融资期限结构进行实证分析。实证结果表明,上市公司长期负债的使用,与公司规模大小以及公司质量高低等因素存在较强相关性,而与股东控制权的强弱和税收的有效性等因素相关性较低。     

Debt markets and corporate debt structure in an emerging market: The South African example

This is a first attempt at gauging the effects of corporate public debt issuance on the debt structure, risk profile and valuation of firms in an emerging market. We find that financial services firms, along with government institutions, are important early supporters of an organized public debt market. Firms in this market use equity, public debt and private debt funds simultaneously as need be. Consistent with predictions of the corporate debt structure literature, public debt-issuing firms are larger, older, more profitable, and less informational opaque than non-public debt-issuing firms. Moreover, public debt-issuing firms experience significant reductions in both overall and systematic risks, and incur lower cost of capital following issuance than non-public debt issuers. These and other findings of the study suggest deepening national debt markets can be a fruitful financial market development exercise for emerging markets.     

Corporate tax avoidance and cost of equity capital: international evidence

ABSTRACT

This study examines the association between firm’s tax avoidance activities and cost of equity capital across 17 countries. Consistent with the prior study based on the U.S. evidence, within strong investor protection countries, the extent of firm’s tax avoidance is negatively associated with its cost of equity capital. This result indicates that strong investor protection induces investors to perceive firm’s tax avoidance activities as the results of efficient tax planning to reduce tax liabilities. To the contrary, we find that the extent of firm’s tax avoidance is positively associated with its cost of equity capital within weak investor protection countries. This result suggests that investors impose equity risk premium on firm’s tax avoidance activities in weak investor protection countries, where agency conflicts prevail more on firm’s tax avoidance activities. As the first international study on the association between firm’s tax avoidance activities and its cost of equity capital, this study contributes to the literature by suggesting that such an association may vary across countries depending on the strength of investor protection within each country of domicile.     

Time-varying dependence structures of equity markets of China,ASEAN and the USA

Popular time-varying Copulas are used to analyse the dependence structure between the CSI 300 index return, the S&P 300 index return and the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) 80 index return. Results show that these three types of stock index returns have obvious time-varying characteristics. The US sub-prime mortgage crisis has strengthened the correlation among the three-stock index returns, whereas the dependence between China and the ASEAN stock markets is more sensitive to the financial crisis. The time-varying features of the extreme dependence risk between China-ASEAN and China-US are very different.     

The impact of debt restructuring on firm investment: Evidence from China

This paper empirically investigates the causal effects of debt restructuring on firm investment using the propensity matching score with difference-in-difference (PSM-DID) method based on the panel data of listed companies in China from 2005 to 2016. The results show that the impact of debt restructuring on firm investment are heterogeneous among different property rights, industry natures, restructuring payment modes and amounts, and debt renegotiation characteristics. Our analyses indicate that debt restructuring has a more significant impact on promoting investment efficiency for state-owned enterprises (SOEs), firms in industries with excess capacity, and debt-restructuring firms that pay off debts with assets. Debt restructuring significantly aggravates overinvestment when the amount of debt restructuring is large. When shareholder bargaining power is higher than that of debtholders in the debt renegotiation, debt restructuring has a significant inhibitory effect on underinvestment. Smaller debt renegotiation frictions exacerbate underinvestment and help mitigate overinvestment. This paper provides a new perspective for understanding the rationality of debt restructuring and has implications for policymakers and corporate decision makers aiming to improve debt governance and investment efficiency.     

中国上市公司融资偏好问题的重新审视

基于对中国上市公司股本融资偏好问题的重新审视,我们发现:(1)如果将短期债务考虑在内并剔除首次公开募股的影响,股本融资偏好就不复存在;(2)在企业债务比率的调整过程中,融资缺口所起的作用超过了传统的企业特征因素,这意味着顺序偏好理论能在一定程度上解释企业的融资行为;(3)股票市场状况和政府管制政策会对企业外部融资的构成产生一定的影响。以上经验证据表明,中国上市公司的融资行为并不像原先所想的那样独特,主流的资本结构理论对企业的债务政策具有相当的解释能力。     

公司治理影响债务期限结构的统计分析

实证结果表明,独立董事比例和管理层薪酬水平均对公司债务期限结构具有显著影响,第一大股东持股比例虽然与债务期限负相关,但并不显著。实证结果说明,公司治理在一定程度上影响公司债务期限的选择,良好的公司治理结构能够使公司获得更多的长期债务,进而优化现行的公司资本结构。因此,公司决策者应尽可能地协调各利益主体之间的关系,完善公司治理机制,更好地发挥公司治理对债务期限结构乃至资本结构的优化功能。     

控制权视角下的外源融资选择理论和实证分析

通过构建一个统一的数理模型进行对比分析表明,不同期限条件下的债务融资和不同对象条件下的股权融资具有各自的优点;同时,通过对2007年上市公司融资偏好进行排序分析也表明,上市公司控制权对融资方式的选择起决定作用,而公司盈利能力等对融资方式的选择具有显著的影响作用.     

中国银行业资本结构决定的实证研究

基于资本资产比率和资本充足率,采用1998-2005年8家股份制商业银行的面板数据,从风险、盈利、规模、周期、成长性和上市与否六个方面对银行业资本结构决定进行的实证结果表明:资本资产比率与不良贷款率和资产收益率显著正相关,与银行规模显著负相关;资本充足率与资产收益率和上市与否显著正相关,与风险资产规模、银行规模和GDP增长率显著负相关;而资产增长率对资本资产比率和资本充足率都没有影响.     

Financial crises,debt overhang,and firm growth in transition economies

ABSTRACT

We examine the effects of the global financial crisis of 2008 and the European debt crisis of 2011 on the relationship between capital structure, investments, and performance for Eastern European companies. While the existing literature documents how firms’ investments are sensitive to the availability of internal funds and to debt holdings, we further investigate whether this investment sensitivity also translates in different levels of performance, and document that capital structure indeed has both a direct and an indirect effect, mediated by the capital expenditure channel. We show that firms with higher financial flexibility experience higher investments and returns on capital. Over-levered firms instead suffer from a debt overhang condition, forcing them to curb investments, and consequently experiencing lower performance. Overall, we provide evidence on the importance of capital structure and financial flexibility on investments and performance, showing the real consequences of the debt overhang condition on firm value creation. Firms should therefore aim at maintaining adequate financial flexibility in order to be able to pursue future profitable investment opportunities, and avoid the under-investment problem arising from a debt overhang situation.     

国有资本的双重隐性负债分析

已有研究中国有资本隐性负债仅指对国有企业职工的社会保障负债。本文在分析国有资本形成和积累的基础上,考察了工人劳动和农民劳动创造的价值向国有企业转移的方式,由此得出国有资本隐性负债包括国有企业职工和农民群体两个债权人的结论,并对国有资本隐性负债的构成和偿还进行了探讨。本文认为国有资本隐性负债应当包括对国有企业职工和农民的社会保障负债及对农业、农村滞后发展的负债。国家财政应当厘清其兼具的财政学和财务学双重角色,使国有资本隐性负债的偿还以国有资产变现或者国有股减持为主,以国家财政增量补贴为辅。