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Mike Morris 《Oxford Development Studies》2017,45(3):303-320
Many low-income countries are integrated into apparel global value chains through foreign direct investment (FDI), including Lesotho, which has become the largest Sub-Saharan African apparel exporter to the US under the African Growth and Opportunity Act. More recently, South Africa has emerged as a new apparel export market in Lesotho. The two markets are supplied by different types of FDI firms – affiliates of Taiwanese transnational producers and South African manufacturers – which are part of different value chain variants. The paper assesses the implications for industrial upgrading and development of integration into these two value chain variants in Lesotho, drawing on firm-level and institutional interviews. We show that their different characteristics in terms of investors’ motivation, governance structure, end markets, firm set up and most importantly and causally, ownership and embeddedness have crucial impacts on functional, product and process upgrading, local linkages, and skill development. 相似文献
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《国土资源科技管理》2002,(6)
No.1(General Serial No.97)Enormous Development of High Technology in China's Marine Exploration …………………………………………………………………………GAOPingetal.( 1 )A Discussion on Assessment System for Fossil Resource in Guizhou Province…………………………………………………………………YANGRui-dongetal.( 8 )Management of National Land Property in Anhua Country, Hunan Province………………………………………………………………HUANGFeng-shengetal.(14)A Study of Populatio… 相似文献
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Yirviel Janvier Métouolé Méda Irene Susana Egyir Pam Zahonogo John Baptist Donsaananang Jatoe Calvin Atewamba 《国际农业可持续发展杂志》2018,16(1):40-53
Organic farming and genetically modified (GM) crops technologies are currently being promoted as alternatives to conventional farming that is seen as unsustainable. However, institutional constraints can impede the adoption of even the most sustainable technology. This paper analysed the effect of institutional factors on farmers’ adoption of conventional, organic and GM cotton in Burkina Faso. Building on the expected utility model and institutional theory, a multinomial logistic regression was performed using farmers’ survey data from the 2014–2015 production season. The results showed that subsidies on fertiliser and credit for cereals production, the power of farmers’ association and that of the cotton company favoured the adoption of conventional and GM cotton at the expense of organic cotton. In order to succeed, organic cotton projects need to include components that help farmers to access organic fertilisers for cereals production. They also need to involve the cotton companies that are the most powerful stakeholders of the cotton sector. Extension services are necessary for both organic and GM cotton adoption. Other important factors to consider include farmers’ education, the potentials of the technologies, the good agro-ecological conditions, the continued involvement of women, the availability of virgin lands and the closeness of farmers to their farms. 相似文献
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