The Stuff of which Dreams are Made: Representations of the South Sea in German-language Tourist Brochures

The ways in which the South Pacific islands are represented in German-language tourist brochures is investigated. Our discussion of these brochure representations will examine the contrasts between tourism advertising imagery and the day-to-day interactions of tourists and locals in the islands represented. Informed by literature on motives for travel, tourist brochures, place promotion and commodification, we will discuss how German, Swiss and Austrian tourism operators depend on a deep-seated desire on the part of tourists to engage with a mythical paradisal Utopia. Common to many cultures, Utopia represents dreams of a better reality. We emphasise therefore that in addition to the now well-documented paradisal element of island tourism promotion, German-speaking tourists are enticed to the South Pacific by advertising references to it as a place where dreams may be fulfilled.     

Alternative Literature and Tourist Experience: Travel and Tourist Weblogs

Backpackers are becoming an increasingly emblematic part of the global travel scene and backpacker enclaves are more and more visible in tourist destinations. This paper analyses the role of iconic literary nomads – both travel writers and writers who travel – in the shaping of ideologies specific to the international backpacker subculture. Adopting Schein's (1985) concept of culture as consisting of the 'layers' of assumptions, norms, rituals, heroes/heroines and symbols, the writings of seven 'literary nomads' are evaluated and contextualised within different ideologies and practices connected with the backpacker 'scene'. The paper underlines the visibility of backpacker ideologies in the work of the famous iconic writers analysed.     

Incarcerating Travels: Travel Stories,Tourist Orders,and the Politics of the 'Hawai'ian Paradise'

This article explores how travel practices are structured and harnessed to politics. While travel practices operate through claims of innocence, curiosity and adventure, they are deeply political practices that participate in projects and programmes ranging from statecraft to appropriation of peoples and places in the service of global finanscapes. In Michel de Certeau's words, travelling in economies of desire, travel practices partake in the 'production of specific politico-cultural orders' in travel spaces that often articulate narrow horizons in identity, ethnicity, nation, participation and governmentality. In worst cases, travel practices are instrumental in the production of orders that create and simultaneously hide the alterity of peoples and their places. This article reflects on the politics of travel that escapes notice or is concealed in travel discourses and representations in Hawai'i. More specifically, it examines how travel acts participate in the production of (1) a politico-cultural order in Hawai'i that creates and hides the alterity of Hawai'i's indigenous peoples, (2) a plural nation-story of the United States that operates through the interstices of the tourist orders and (3) a capital story that enlists both indigenous resources and predominant political powers to excavate profits.     

Representations of Hosts in Travel Writing: The Guardian Travel Section

In this paper, we examine representations of hosts to tourist destinations covered in journalistic travel reports published in the Travel Section of the Saturday edition of the British broadsheet newspaper The Guardian in 1997. Methodologically, the paper is anchored within the constructionist view of discourse, i.e. we assume that in the linguistic representation of people, places, or events, discursive choices not only describe the reality but also construct its ideologically preferred version. We demonstrate that in the travel reports examined here, local people tend to be represented in three principal categories: (1) homogeneous ethnic or social group; (2) observed bearers of the 'national' or 'community' characteristics; or (3) as 'featureless' helpers to the travellers. Arguing that these representations are constitutive of Foucauldian regimes of truth we propose that the reports are a means of constructing a known and tamed reality that is safe for the readers/prospective tourists to travel to.     

铁路旅游专列产品的设计要点及市场展望

旅游业已经成为拉动经济增长的重要引擎,铁路旅游专列作为国内旅游的重要交通方式,在旅游业中发挥着不可忽视的作用.通过对旅游专列客户的需求进行分析,从而提炼出旅游专列产品的设计要点,并对新的市场形势下旅游专列的前景进行展望.     

Travel Safety,Terrorism and the Media: The Significance of the Issue-Attention Cycle

Terrorist attacks against tourists and tourism infrastructure have long been acknowledged as having significant impacts on travel behaviour. The article examines the impact of the terrorist attacks of the 11 September 2001 in the United States to reflect not only the impact of the media on influencing travel behaviour but also tourism policy, particularly with respect to security issues and government response to crisis. The article does this with respect to the notion of an issue-attention cycle of political attention to policy issues and the manner in which these are played out. Several stages of the cycle are identified and related to the post September 11 aftermath. The cycle suggests that a five stage pattern of policy attention will be followed: pre-problem stage, alarmed discovery and euphoric enthusiasm, realisation of the cost of significant progress, gradual decline of intense public interest and the post-problem stage. The model suggests that current adoption of post September 11 security measures will likely cease to find political support once the perceived terrorist threat receives less attention in the media and, related to this, the voting public.     

旅客旅行舒适度的需求分析

影响旅客舒适度的主要因素有人均占用面积、旅行时间、站车环境、运行平稳度和客运服务水平。不同职业和出行目的的旅客,对旅行舒适度的需求有所不同。铁路客运专线建设为旅客出行提供了更人性化的设计和高标准的软硬件环境,舒适度的改善将使旅客出行更加舒适愉快,也将进一步增强铁路客运的市场竞争力。     

运游一体化背景下的道路客运转型升级策略

近年来,随着我国经济的快速发展,交通基础设施不断完善,尤其是高铁、航空网络的跨越式发展,旅客出行方式选择更加多元。2018年,我国道路客运量累计完成136.72亿人次,同比下降了6.2%,旅客周转量完成9279.68亿人公里,同比下降了5%,由此可见,传统道路客运面临着巨大的转型压力。与此同时,我国旅游市场发展快速,产业规模持续扩大,产品体系日渐完善,市场秩序逐渐优化,旅游及相关产业逐渐成为国民经济新的增长点。2018年,国内旅游人数达到55.39亿人次,同比增长了10.8%。     

旅游轨道悬挂式单轨局部双线三方向立体疏解方案研究

长治太行山旅游轨道大峡谷经八泉峡至川底段采用悬挂式单轨制式,其中八泉峡景区为核心景区,客流量大,与其他景区线路需进行三方向立体疏解。结合长治市旅游规划整体布局,阐述长治太行山旅游轨道车流组织、系统制式及线路规划,为达到局部疏解的目的,研究"区间四线""车站疏解""区间疏解"3个线路局部方案,以及"外包疏解""环形疏解""平行疏解"3个车站疏解方案,经综合分析,推荐局部采用车站疏解,站内采用环形疏解的交通创意。疏解方案将有效、合理地解决三方向双线的交通矛盾问题,实现乘降便捷性与交通快捷性。     

刍议共享经济时代的铁路出行服务平台

近年来,共享出行成为出行服务市场的生力军,铁路部门也启动了相关业务。以经营实践和市场实际为研究背景,通过梳理共享出行的概念、特点,简析铁路出行相关各方的痛点问题,提出共创美好旅行生活的定位,用假设演绎方式阐释了铁路部门共享出行服务平台的商业开发机会和建构思路,以供参考。     

Cowboys,Indians and Perky Waitresses: Contesting Tourist Myths of the American West

Emily Post, an upper-middle class American divorcée, not yet the byword for correct social behaviour, as her Blue Book of Etiquette was to be published seven years later, set off from New York in April 1915 to motor to San Francisco. Armed with many misconceptions about the Wild West, she took two evening dresses, a block and tackle and a solid silver picnic set, and planned to see how far she could go in comfort. Her attitudes changed dramatically as she drove west, and she wrote perceptively about the disjunction between myth and reality and the inherent theatricality of the tourist experience. This paper analyses three incidents in her journey: the meeting with a taciturn cowboy who hailed from Massachusetts, her assessment of the vaudeville nature of a Native American dance performance, and her sensation of being behind the scenes at a theatre as a trainload of passengers were served by the legendary Harvey Girls. The creation of the myth of the Old West was well under way in 1915; this micro-study of an elite traveller's reactions suggests that the myth did not go uncontested.     

The Poetics of Tourist Experience: An Autoethnography of a Family Trip to Eilat1

This paper is an autoethnographic exploration of a tourist’s experience. Through interpreting qualitative material, in the form of a poem I wrote in 1994 about a short familial excursion to an Israeli seaside resort city (Eilat), the research seeks to sensitively describe the intricacies of travel experience. The research explores the advantages of the autoethnographic method of inquiry, and discusses tourism-related emotions and memories in the context of performance and representation. The paper joins recent efforts in attempting to challenge and loosen the grip of positivist epistemologies and discourses on mainstream tourism studies, by illustrating the emotional complexities and contradictions in the travel experience of tourists. In line with traditions of critical research in sociology, the exploration sheds light on the materiality of texts and on the role language plays in tourism, viewing the poem read in this paper (‘Quiet Eilat’) simultaneously as a representation, performance and material object of discourse.     

Travel time use and its impact on high-speed-railway passengers' travel satisfaction in the e-society

The availability of wireless networks and the pervasive use of mobile ICT devices have allowed passengers to conduct various e-activities during journeys. These various e-activities, in turn, may change people's conventional perception of travel time from being “wasteful” and “unproductive,” to “desirable” and giving rise to satisfaction. Journeys on high-speed railway (HSR) is particularly relevant for transport researchers to probe into this question because of its characteristics of being medium to long-distance (typically taking half-an-hour or more), seat availability, and a smooth ride. Using a questionnaire survey on passengers along the Shanghai-Nanjing HSR route, this study aims to examine the nature of ICT device use and in-vehicle e-activities conducted by HSR passengers and the influence on their travel satisfaction with their on-board journey experience. Our results reveal a high percentage of ICT device use and a wide variety of e-activities such as e-working, e-communication, and e-reading for leisure on HSR trains. In addition, the higher use of ICT device was associated with an increase of passengers' travel satisfaction. Furthermore, we found a positive effect of work-related e-activities on travel satisfaction for business/work trips, while a positive effect of entertainment-related e-activities for non-business/work trips. Given that HSR is potentially a more sustainable transport mode, some possible policy implications are proposed to encourage people to use HSR, as opposed to driving or flying, for medium to long-distance intercity journeys.     

Seal Management in Scotland: Tourist Perceptions and the Possible Impacts on the Scottish Tourism Industry

Fisheries organisations in Scotland have repeatedly called for culls of common and grey seals, despite their conservation status and no supporting scientific evidence. This current study investigated the opinion of tourists in West Scotland as to whether seal populations should be reduced to manage their increasing numbers. The study also looks at whether such a cull would influence tourist behaviour. In total 735 interviews were conducted. There were regional differences in levels of opinion but, on average, 60% of respondents believed that seals should not be regulated and 17% stated that the instigation of a cull would affect their decision to visit Scotland on holiday. In the Highlands of Scotland alone this could represent over £100 million in lost tourism income. A boycott by tourists to the Highlands, as the result of introducing seal culls, could equate to a financial loss equivalent to a third of the total value of Scottish fisheries. Tourism is Scotland's main industry and is particularly important for the economy of rural areas. Any further proposals for seal culls should seriously consider the negative and indirect impacts these culls could have, such as reductions in tourist numbers and tourism income to a region.     

An Exploratory Study of the Propensity for South Koreans to take Cruises: Investigating Koreans' Perceptions of Cruise Ship Travel

The purpose of the present study was to examine Koreans' perceptions of cruise ship travel to ascertain the potential for future development of that tourism segment. An understanding of Koreans' perceptions is essential for determining the potential of the Korean cruise market. Using survey data, the study investigated Koreans' knowledge level, willingness and desired travel patterns regarding cruise ship travel. Findings from the study can assist practitioners to enhance their comprehension of Koreans' perceptions and behaviors concerning cruise ship travel. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

论收入分配差距与分配秩序

我国居民收入和生活水平不断提高的同时 ,也出现了收入差距不断扩大 ,甚至可能贫富两极分化的趋势 ,在一定程度上引起社会动荡和人们不满 ,本文认为 ,根本原因不在于差距本身 ,而在于分配秩序 ,进而提出整顿分配秩序、规范收入分配。     

论黑钱的产生、转移和防治

黑钱 ,犹如世界金融市场上一个毒瘤 ,其规模之大和危害之深已达无以复加的地步。亚太地区更是重灾区之一 ,每年通过亚太地区的银行系统转移的黑钱至少有 2 0 0 0亿美元。作为亚太地区重要支柱的中国 ,已被洗钱分子视为洗钱理想地之一。如何有效防治黑钱 ,维护我国金融市场的稳定 ,已成迫切需要解决的问题。本文从黑钱的来源出发 ,分析各种洗钱活动可能采取的方式 ,进而提出了系统的防治对策