半夜惊醒

那时候，老张跟前都是炒股的人。他们每天都红光满面，神采奕奕。他们一开口，就是涨了，又开口，也是涨了，再开口，还是涨了。涨了就是赚了。看见别人赚钱，老张坐不住了。老张也有10万块钱，是他省吃俭用半辈子的积蓄。有一天，老张跟老婆商量了半天，也去世纪证券开了户，把钱打进了股市。     

凭什么让老板再次重用你

多尼是一个非常有梦想的姑娘，大学毕业后，她加盟了一家服装企业，只用了两年就做到了主管职位，不久后，她结婚了．成了两个孩子的妈妈。但她没有想到的是，金融危机后，她所在的公司倒闭了，多尼下岗了。     

保障房可分为保障性产权房和保障性租赁房

住房保障是重大民生。近年来，在党中央、国务院领导下，国务院有关部门和各级地方政府做了大量工作，制订了住房保障规划，明确了保障工作重点，加大了财政支付力度，增加了住房保障方面土地供应，整个住房保障工作，包括棚户区、工矿区改造，取得了重要进展，也积累了很好的经验和做法，社会反响很好，尤其受到城镇中低收入住房困难家庭欢迎。     

健全制度 规范程序不断提升政府采购工作水平

几年来，潍坊市政府采购工作，在潍坊市委、市政府的领导下，在上级业务部门的指导下，认真贯彻执行《政府采购法》，在改革中探索，在探索中推进，各项规章制度不断健全完善，采购范围和规模逐步扩大，采购质量显著提高，积累了宝贵经验。通过推行政府采购，加强了财政管理，节约了财政资金，促进了廉政建设，取得了良好的经济和社会效益。     

建立乡镇国库 完善乡镇财政

今年以来，我县23个乡镇普遍建立了乡级国库，其中，7个设在农行营业所，16个设在农村信用社，乡级国库的建立，充分发挥了国库的职能，开拓了加强乡镇财政管理的新路子，进一步完善了乡级财政管理体制，调动了乡政府当家理财抓财政经济工作的积极性，加速了财政资金的周转，促进了财政、税务、银行等部门的密切配合，增强了乡镇财政的活力，今年1-7月份，全县乡镇财政收入完成715.3万元，比去年同期增长30.5万元，我们建立乡国库的主要做法是。     

没有质量一切都是负数

如果没有质量，一切都是负数：生产等于负数，营销等于负数，广告与品牌等于负数，收入与声誉等于负数！一道工序控制不到位，整条生产线出品的都是问题奶！牛奶浪费了，包装浪费了，设备浪费了，人力浪费了，机会浪费了——此时，生产是负数，收入是负数。问题奶如果溜出工厂，流到市场，顾客索赔，商家退货，媒体暴光，舆论抨击，政府问责……特别是买过问题产品的消费者，     

技术进步的恐慌与诱惑

从上个世纪的80年代开始，我们感受到了前所未有的社会变化，人们的生活发生了巨变，以“芯片”作为主要电子元件的设备充斥着人类的生活。我们传输信息的速度加快了，我们收集、整理信息的速度也加快了，我们的管理水平提高了，我们工作的速度也提高了，我们对世界改变的速度也加快了。人们感受到了由于技术进步带来的好处，工资的待遇提高了，汽车、洋房增多了，人们所需的日常物品丰富了，人们休闲娱乐的方式增多了。人们的寿命增长了。     

镇政府不能随意侵犯村委会职权

重庆市铜梁县一村民来信反映：2007年11月我村经村委会、村民代表、村老干部讨论研究决定，卖了村里一幢办公危楼，双方签了协议，村干部和村民代表都签了字，房款也已付清。过了几天，有人告到镇政府，说卖办公危楼不合法，理由是：1．镇政府已于2007年8月宣布撤了在任的村委会成员，并指派了新村委会负责人，对资产进行了清理，     

“零招待”不是“另招待”

近年来，有很多地方农村实行村级“零招待”制度，这一举措确实减轻了农民负担，促进了干部廉洁自律，改善了党群关系，稳定了农村发展大局，收到了较好效果。     

鸟瞰明天——记龙江县政协常委、县规划局局长王福运

时光茬冉，日月如梭。到了1997年1月，王福运已经成为龙江县规划处的副主任了，这期间，他潜心于城镇规划工作，东奔西走，学会了搞测量，画图纸，还学会了开汽车，2003年齐市地区龙江县第一个规划处变局，他就成了局长，掌管全县农村城镇建设规划工作。     

建筑工程计价简易方法

本文是根据经过几年来的探讨,提出了建筑工程简易方法的最基本方法,即工期分析法。它的产生是由于市场经济体制改革的不断深化,由繁杂的计量过程转化到简易的工期计价方法,由微观思维到宏观实践的结果。它是建筑工程计量方法的革新,是建筑工程计价与国际清单计价惯例的接轨。因此,本文在今后研讨建筑工程计量的方法中是有一定价值和深远意义的。     

国内门户网站品牌塑造及模型构建——基于国内外门户网站的比较研究

互联网是全球化的虚拟化,虚拟体验直接影响顾客的认知与行为,从而影响网站的品牌。基于受众体验的国内门户网站品牌塑造模型的构建,是国内门户网站在参考国外先进的网站建设的成功经验的基础上,塑造适合国内门户网站的品牌策略和一项重要的竞争策略。     

Urban Informality and the State: Geographical Translations and Conceptual Alliances

Understandings of informality commonly derive from research undertaken in states perceived as lacking the capacity to regulate the practices of their populations. This Interventions forum aims to expand the geographical parameters of empirical research on urban informality. A more global approach, we argue, also necessitates questioning assumptions that undergird this concept—in particular the underlying conception of the state. In this vein, this collection of papers aims to rethink theories of the state through the lens of informality, and vice versa, to inform and refine the concept of informality through a more thorough understanding of states. In so doing, the contributions engage with concepts that have been central both to theories of the state and to the study of informality, namely governance, agency, legitimacy, sovereignty and legality. Following this introduction setting out our theoretical approach, the Interventions forum unites five empirical studies that discuss the nexus of informality and states in contexts that have been researched less extensively from this perspective, each tackling one of the above‐mentioned concepts. Based on these different entry points, the papers provide novel angles on a state‐theoretical understanding of informality. A concluding essay brings these approaches together, reflecting on the possibilities of translating concepts to different sites.     

From admiration to abhorrence: the contentious appeal of entrepreneurship across Europe

Although entrepreneurship seems to offer a universal economic solution, there are some doubts about whether it is universally attractive. We argue that entrepreneurship is a socially constructed concept and consequently the meanings, and hence the appeal, of the enterprise will vary internationally. We argue that how entrepreneurship is understood affects how attractive it seems. Accordingly, we investigated the meanings of entrepreneurship by analysing a range of metaphors of entrepreneurship gathered from schools across Europe. We found that both the meaning and understandings of the practices vary considerably. For most, the concept of entrepreneurship as an engine of the economy is attractive, but for some, the practices of entrepreneurs were considerably less appealing. We find links between national socio-economic contexts and attractiveness. We argue that culture and context seem to influence the social constructions of entrepreneurship and hence the attractiveness of entrepreneurial options. We also find that the pedagogical national narratives of the entrepreneur stand in dynamic tension with the performative national processes of entrepreneurship.     

Swedish tribalism and Tanzanian entrepreneurship: preconditions for trust formation

The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between entrepreneurship and the structure of the periphery. The objective is to reach an understanding of the entrepreneurial process within the context of the periphery, which is traditionally seen as a poor environment. The paper considers the concept of peripherality and identifies a process of gravitation that drains higher order services towards the core. However, this deterministic model does not correspond with the realities of the Scottish Highlands. The paradox is that new businesses are being created that appear to use old redundant peripheral values such as tradition. It is argued that it is the social construction of the periphery that produces this post-modern change. The qualitative methodology indicates the emergence of a new spatial paradigm of aesthetic consumption. Two indicative case studies are presented which show that entrepreneurship is the creation and extraction of value from the environment. Their businesses are the commodification of non-material and aesthetic values. Further analysis of these data demonstrates that entrepreneurs interpret their own version of the environment, rather than merely reacting to it. In turn, they enact this interpretation which forms the basis of their businesses.     

Urbanization and the City Image in Lowry at Tate Britain: Towards a Critique of Cultural Cityism

This article explores cultural cityism at a time when a more expansive, ‘planetary’ urbanization is argued to have superseded ‘the city’ as the dominant urban form. It takes an essentially Lefebvrian problematic and works this through an examination of one aspect of contemporary metropolitan culture, the L.S. Lowry exhibition at Tate Britain, held in the summer of 2013. The article scrutinizes the juxtaposition of Lowry's images of the industrial city with the image of ‘global’, corporate London provided by Tate Britain itself. The exhibition is presented as evidence of Lefebvre's argument that although the urban core has imploded and exploded, through images the city ‘can perpetuate itself, survive its conditions’. Taking stock also of the preponderance of city images in culture more widely, it is argued such images make a fetish of the city, producing also an ‘urban pastoral’ that obscures the defining characteristics of urban life today. Finally, Benjamin's concept of the ‘dialectical image’ and Rancière's notion of the ‘sentence image’ are invoked to capture the flashing together of past and present city images and the opportunities for critical reflection this constellation presents.     

Shenzhen: city of suspended possibility

This essay on Shenzhen, China, presents three vignettes addressing the question of home in a city of migrants. The first section explores the ubiquitous narratives of success forming the city's foundational myth. The second follows this myth into the world of a Shenzhen filmmaker and his characters, as they navigate the tension between the idea of home and the urge to start anew, resulting in the suspended possibility of the title. The last section looks at young architects who hope to preserve the city's heterotopic sites of migrants and original villagers through architectural innovations. The cases show how an economy of desire supplements the political economy of this export-driven city. The city appears as an urban desiring machine that produces itself as an object of desire for the migrants of all classes who flock to its factories, "urban villages", white-collar jobs, luxury villas and underground economy. The essay is an encounter with the mythology of success and failure, the intertwining of home as an end and home as the beginning, and with the manipulation of space that allows residents to control their own subjectivity.     

The clash of managerial and professional logics in public procurement: Implications for innovation in the health-care sector

This article addresses the enactment of public procurement and its influence on adoption and diffusion of innovation, using a case study of public procurement of a low-tech medical device innovation in Swedish healthcare. Based on interviews and documentation, the article illustrates the various perspectives of the different professions involved in the complex task of setting the requirement specification for the tender. The technology identities of the medical device (innovation) are constructed and negotiated by the actors: procurement administrators, health-care professionals and suppliers within the adoption space. Examining the enactment of the procurement process as part of the adoption space is a way to deepen our understanding of the social component within public procurement.     

THEORIES OF MONOPOLY CAPITALISM

Abstract. This article presents a survey of theories of monopoly capitalism. The defining characteristic of monopoly capitalism is that developed capitalist economies are seen as essentially dominated by firms which operate in oligopolistic industries. It discusses in chronological order the contributions of Hilferding, Lenin, Kalecki, Steindl, Baran and Sweezy, and Cowling to the monopoly capitalism approach. By drawing out some common features of the authors discussed we arrive at an implicit view of the nature of theories of monopoly capitalism. The macroeconomic aspects of monopoly capitalism are discussed with emphasis on the implications for the level of economic activity. A further section discusses the international aspects of the monopoly capital approach. The final section of the paper reviews criticisms of the theories of monopoly capitalism with concentration on those advanced from a Marxist perspective.     

Analysis of high dimensional multivariate stochastic volatility models

This paper is concerned with the Bayesian estimation and comparison of flexible, high dimensional multivariate time series models with time varying correlations. The model proposed and considered here combines features of the classical factor model with that of the heavy tailed univariate stochastic volatility model. A unified analysis of the model, and its special cases, is developed that encompasses estimation, filtering and model choice. The centerpieces of the estimation algorithm (which relies on MCMC methods) are: (1) a reduced blocking scheme for sampling the free elements of the loading matrix and the factors and (2) a special method for sampling the parameters of the univariate SV process. The resulting algorithm is scalable in terms of series and factors and simulation-efficient. Methods for estimating the log-likelihood function and the filtered values of the time-varying volatilities and correlations are also provided. The performance and effectiveness of the inferential methods are extensively tested using simulated data where models up to 50 dimensions and 688 parameters are fit and studied. The performance of our model, in relation to various multivariate GARCH models, is also evaluated using a real data set of weekly returns on a set of 10 international stock indices. We consider the performance along two dimensions: the ability to correctly estimate the conditional covariance matrix of future returns and the unconditional and conditional coverage of the 5% and 1% value-at-risk (VaR) measures of four pre-defined portfolios.