碳配额机制下绿色供应链决策及收益分享合同研究

基于碳配额机制，构建由单一制造商和单一零售商组成的绿色二级供应链。分析碳配额机制下考虑消费者低碳偏好的绿色供应链最优减排决策，并引入收益分享合同，考察消费者低碳偏好对收益分享比例和供应链利润的影响。研究发现，收益分享合同下的利润未达到集中化的水平，但相比于分散决策可以提升制造商和零售商的绩效。     

碳交易背景下考虑公平关切的双渠道闭环供应链定价决策

考虑到碳交易政策和公平偏好会影响双渠道闭环供应链定价决策，分别构建碳交易背景下公平中性、零售商公平关切信息对称与不对称时双渠道闭环供应链进行最优决策的Stackelberg动态博弈模型。通过求解各个均衡解，研究各个均衡解与制造商和零售商公平关切的关系。通过数值算例分析，着重考虑零售商公平关切信息对称与不对称时制造商和零售商公平关切对双闭环供应链最优定价决策的影响，并进行对比分析。研究结果表明：无论零售商公平关切信息对称还是不对称，新产品的销售价格与制造商和零售商公平关切都成正比，再制品的销售价格不受公平关切的影响；新产品的市场需求与制造商和零售商公平关切都成反比，再制品的市场需求与制造商和零售商的公平关切都成正比；公平关切会降低企业利润，公平关切信息不对称会加剧这一现象。     

公平偏好和商业信用下的SDN契约协调

本文探讨了公平偏好行为因素对SDN收益共享契约协调的影响。并通过模型分析,给出供应商和零售商在公平偏好影响下的最优契约设计参数,及零售商的最优订购策略。研究发现,当满足一定参数范围,在公平偏好影响下,SDN收益共享契约仍能实现协调。最后,通过数值仿真,分析了模型参数变化对最优订货策略和各主体利润的影响。     

基于区块链的策略型消费者购买行为及供应链协调

基于供应链的视角研究区块链对消费者策略性购买行为、供应链成员定价决策和最优利润的影响。研究表明,采用区块链进行一体化决策时,供应链系统更倾向于在第一期设立高价以获得最优利润;供应商在第二期采用区块链时,供应链系统的总销售数量大于没有采用区块链时的总销售数量,且零售商在分散化决策下第一期价格低于一体化决策下第一期价格,导致更多的策略型消费者选择提前购买;在两种决策模式下,无论消费者策略性程度如何,如果供应商在第二期采用区块链,那么消费者的策略性等待购买阈值大于没有采用区块链时的策略性等待购买阈值,而且策略型消费者会加大在两期中的购买总数量;在满足一定条件下,采用区块链的供应链系统可以通过收益共享契约实现供应链完美协调。     

考虑消费者绿色行为的药品回收供应链协调 研究

为促进医药行业绿色低碳发展，针对药品回收渠道的建立及回收供应链协调问题进行研究，在考虑消费者对线上渠道偏好和消费者绿色行为的基础上，构建了单个传统渠道、单个线上渠道、由“线上 + 线下”组成的药品双渠道博弈模型。比较了三种决策模型中消费者绿色行为对均衡价格、回收量和供应链期望效益的影响。分析集中式和分散式情况下的最优决策，并设计“政府补贴 + 收益共享”契约对药品回收供应链进行协调。研究表明：消费者对线上回收渠道偏好程度的增加有利于提升医药制造商和药品回收供应链系统利润，而且选择双渠道回收对于医药制造商和供应链系统总是有利的。“政府补贴和收益共享”契约可以实现药品回收供应链的协调，消费者绿色行为参数也影响着政府补贴范围的界定和收益共享系数。     

基于绿色生产的闭环供应链决策及认证标准研究

在考虑绿色生产的基础上，以单一制造商、零售商和回收商组成的闭环供应链为研究对象，构建以制造商为主导的无认证集中决策、分散决策和有认证集中决策Stackelberg博弈模型，研究不同模型下的供应链决策和政府绿色认证标准，并用算例仿真对比分析消费者绿色偏好和企业信誉对各决策的影响。结果表明：在不进行绿色认证的情况下，集中决策闭环供应链利润和污染物减排量大于分散决策；政府总能够制定合理的绿色认证标准，使制造商自愿认证的同时，提高供应链收益和减少碳排放；不同模型下的最优决策均会随着消费者绿色偏好的增加而提高，无认证模型下还会随着企业信誉的增加而提高。     

企业环境投资决策方法研究

企业面临残酷的国际竞争环境的挑战。随着人们环保意识的增强，企业的环境成本与日俱增，产品定价必须考虑环境影响。环境投资决策必须关注中央政府环境政策对地方政府的政策行为产生影响，消费者的环境保护意识、消费者的个人偏好等对企业的环境投资决策也会产生影响，所以企业进行投资时要全方位综合考虑，既要顾及企业自身的经济利益，又要顾及政府和消费者。     

扩展Hotelling模型下双寡头制造商的低碳策略选择

在一个扩展的Hotelling模型中,研究了双寡头制造商在考虑了消费者低碳偏好情况下的低碳策略选择问题。消费者对低碳效用的偏好程度直接影响到制造商的收益,从而影响到两个制造商在竞争关系下的低碳策略选择。分别求得了在四种情形下两个制造商各自的最优价格及其收益,通过比较分析,得到两个制造商进行低碳策略选择的均衡状态。通过数值仿真,比较了两个制造商在不同选址条件下的盈利情况。研究结果表明:当消费者低碳意识薄弱时,两个制造商均不采用低碳策略;当消费者低碳意识较强时,两个制造商均采用低碳策略。     

零售商公平关切对收益共享契约供应链协调作用的影响研究

文章基于渠道竞争和品牌竞争同时存在的供应链结构,探讨零售商公平关切行为对收益共享契约协调效果的影响.通过模型构建和数值仿真,对零售商采取和不采取公平关切行为时收益共享契约下的供应链总体收益水平进行比较,发现:零售商公平关切行为对收益共享契约供应链协调效果的影响,与零售商期望利润分配比θ、制造商批发价和网络渠道商品定价水平有关.研究结果对上述供应链结构下,供应链成员如何优化收益共享契约的协调效果具有一定的参考价值.     

基于区块链的闭环供应链定价及回收策略

考虑区块链技术下新能源汽车闭环供应链定价及回收决策问题,构建制造商和零售商回收模式下链上成员Stackelberg博弈模型。结果表明,随着消费者对绿色产品偏好提升,碳减排努力、链上成员利润及社会福利等均增长;提高梯次利用比例将增加零售商回收模式下零售商利润、两种回收模式下制造商利润及社会福利,尤其引入区块链及制造商回收对社会福利影响显著;采用区块链单位成本满足一定阈值时,采用区块链有利于提升需求量和碳减排努力。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.     

我国发展天文旅游的条件、前景探析及策略思考

天文旅游资源从成因可以分为行星地球天文旅游资源、天体天文旅游资源和天文文化旅游资源三类。天文旅游方兴未艾,我国天文旅游具有很大发展前景。文章对我国开展天文旅游的条件进行了分析,对发展天文旅游的策略和措施进行了梳理。     

城市社会的开放与农民的城市化

城市社会在对农民的开放与封闭之中徘徊。改革开放后城市社会对农民的开放已经使很多农民城市化。城市社会对农民的封闭已由政策性封闭转向经济性封闭。城市社会对农民的封闭增加了农民城市化的成本和社会风险。必须加强城市社会对农民的开放,逐步消除对农民的封闭政策,以推进农民的城市化。     

信息化时代商学院图书馆的建设与发展——中、美四大名校商学院图书馆建设的比较与启示

信息化时代中美商学院图书馆的建设与发展,成为当今时代高等商学教育发展与进步的一个重要环节,对中美四大商学院图书馆的发展状况、差距进行分析比较,对促进我国商学院图书馆事业的改革、建设和发展具有一定的启示作用和参考价值。