时间性差异与暂时性差异的比较分析

<企业会计准则第××号--所得税(征求意见稿)>(以下简称"新准则")从<国际会计准则>中引入了"暂时性差异"的概念,并要求"按照暂时性差异确认递延所得税资产或递延所得税负债".为更好地理解和运用"暂时性差异",笔者拟对时间性差异和暂时性差异作一比较分析.     

On the Exclusion of Assets from Tests of the Mean Variance Efficiency of the Market Portfolio: An Extension

This paper extends Kandel's [3] analysis of the testability of the mean-variance efficiency of a market index when the return on some component of the index is not perfectly observable. In addition to information about the mean and variance of the missing asset, considered by Kandel, we explore the usefulness of information about the beta of the missing asset on the observed sub-portfolio in an economy with a riskless asset. The results are somewhat more supportive of the notion that mean-variance efficiency is testable on a subset of the assets.     

价值投资与现代证券投资组合理论的比较研究

论文主要是介绍价值投资以及现代证券投资组合理论,通过介绍这两种投资理论,比较它们的不同点,对于如今资本市场应该采取怎样的投资策略引起思考.提出投资者结合两种理论投资,以价值投资思想为核心,结合能够反映公司价值的相关指标构建投资组合获取高于市场平均水平的收益.     

Short Sales Restrictions and Kinks on the Mean Variance Frontier

With a short sales restriction, there may be switching points along the mean variance frontier corresponding to changes in the set of assets held. Traditional wisdom holds that each switching point corresponds to a kink, while Ross has claimed that kinks never occur. This paper shows that the truth lies between the two views, since the efficient frontier may or may not be kinked at a switching point. There is some indication that kinks are rare, since a kink corresponds to a portfolio in which all assets have the same expected return.     

A Note on the Analytics and Geometry of Limiting Mean—Variance Investment Opportunity Sets

This paper extends the mathematics developed by Merton (1972) to the limiting investment opportunity set as smaller risk assets are added. Investment opportunity sets of risky assets are well-known to be described by hyperbolae in mean-standard deviation space. In practice, the asset classes in portfolios may vary from high risk common stocks to near cash assets. Low variability assets change the appearance of the investment opportunity set to the extent that a unique optimum risky asset portfolio disappears. The limiting result is similar to the investment opportunity set that arises when two assets are perfectly correlated. The location of the IOS is shown to mathematically depend upon the level of the riskless interest rate and one slope parameter. The slope parameter is estimable, using a finite number of assets, and represents a bound on market Sharpe ratios.     

我国商业银行存贷利差与发达国家和地区比较分析

本文选择具有代表性的发达国家（地区）的商业银行与我国部分商业银行净利差进行对比分析,发现整体来看我国境内银行净利差偏高,但一些发达国家（地区）的银行业净利差水平与我国相差不大。我国境内商业银行对信贷业务的依赖性以及央行“法定利差”的限制．是我国存贷利差较高的原因。     

Mean and Variance Causality between Official and Parallel Currency Markets: Evidence from Four Latin American Countries

This paper examines the issue of mean and variance causality across four Latin American official and black markets for foreign currency using monthly data for the period 1976–1993. We apply a recent test developed by Cheung and Ng (1996) in order to test for mean and variance spillovers. The main findings are: (1) In contrast to the findings of previous studies, EGARCH-M processes characterize each bilateral exchange rate series in both markets; (2) There is substantial evidence of causality in both mean and variance with the causality in mean largely being driven by the causality in variance; and (3) The results indicate that the major exporter of causality is the Mexican black market with the black market of Argentina and the black and official markets of Brazil being the smallest contributors.     

对我国居民收入差距现状的分析

居民收入差距不断扩大甚至出现两极分化的现象,已是我国目前突出并引起广泛关注的问题.近年来我国居民收入差距不断扩大的原因是多方面的,必须采取有效措施缩小收入差距.     

A Comparative Analysis of Inductive-Learning Algorithms

Recently there has been an increasing interest in applying inductive learning algorithms to generate rules/patterns from a given example set. While such approaches serve as an efficient way of resolving the knowledge-acquisition bottleneck, their predictive accuracy, which is the popular measure of performance, varies widely. This paper contrasts major inductive-learning algorithms and examines their performance with two performance measures: the predictive accuracy and the representation language. Experiments involved three inductive-learning algorithms and five different managerial tasks in construction project assessment and bankruptcy-prediction domains. The test results indicate that the model performance is dependent on tasks with an exception of the neural network model and that there is a an effect of group proportion in the example set used to construct the model. The neural network approach presents relatively stable predictive power across different task domains, although it is difficult to interpret its representation.     

A Comparative Analysis of Earnings Forecasts in Europe

This study examines the accuracy and bias of financial analysts' EPS forecasts in nine European countries during 1987 to 1995. There are significant differences between the countries which may be due to the differences in earnings behaviour, accounting practices, and the influence of securities markets. An optimistic bias is endemic in European forecasts, consistent with research from the US. Investors who incorporate earnings forecasts in their stock selection procedures may be able to improve returns by explicitly adjusting their models for observed regularities in earnings forecast errors. However, we have shown that these regularities differ in incidence and magnitude across the countries studied, and further research is needed to effectively model these differences.     

激励理论在高校与企业中的比较分析

目前我国高校越来越重视对教师的长效激励。高校长效激励在理论上还是崭新的,但长效激励及其理论与实践在企业中备受重视,相关研究已经很深入了。所以企业的长效激励实践与理论对于高校而言有着积极的借鉴意义。本文基于心理诱导逻辑的管理学激励理论和利益关联逻辑的经济学激励理论,对高校和企业的激励进行比较研究,并对高校和企业长效激励机制适用对象进行了比较分析,研究发现,高校不适合使用股权激励机制。     

羊群行为影响下P2P网贷市场投资组合优化研究

本文基于投资者视角,结合网贷市场的信息不对称性和无担保、无抵押的纯信用贷款特征及行为金融理论,分析了投资者羊群行为的产生机理、影响因素和对网贷市场的影响,建立了基于数据挖掘、Kernel回归和现代投资组合优化理论的辅助决策模型。实证研究表明,在预期回报率固定条件下,该模型可以得出风险最小化的投资组合,为P2P网贷投资者规避羊群行为和选择网贷标的提供决策支撑。     

Income Risk and Portfolio Choice: An Empirical Study

This paper investigates the relationship between portfolio choice and labor income risk in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 Cohort. Permanent income risk (variability of shocks to income that have permanent effect) significantly reduces the share of risky assets in the household's portfolio, while transitory income risk (variability of shocks with no lasting effect) does not. This result provides strong evidence that households' portfolio choices respond to labor income risks in a manner consistent with economic theory.     

On the Inverse of the Covariance Matrix in Portfolio Analysis

The goal of this paper is the derivation and application of a direct characterization of the inverse of the covariance matrix central to portfolio analysis. Such a characterization, in terms of a few primitive constructs, provides the basis for new and illuminating expressions for key concepts as the optimal holding of a given risky asset and the slope of the risk-return efficiency frontier faced by the individual investor. The building blocks of the inverse turn out to be the regression coefficients and residual variance obtained by regressing the asset's excess return on the set of excess returns for all other risky assets.     

Takeover Prediction and Portfolio Performance: A Note

This paper empirically tests whether it is possible to generate abnormal returns from investing in a portfolio of predicted successful takeover targets. Portfolios are formed on the basis of predictions from models similar to those estimated by Palepu (1986). However, unlike Palepu (1986), the portfolios in this paper are formed using a decision rule that results in smaller portfolios with higher average takeover probabilities. This provides a stronger test of whether share prices reflect future takeover probabilities. The results show that while the models have significant explanatory power, the portfolios fail to beat the return on the market over a 12-month holding-period.     

现代投资组合理论的基础与前沿分析

马柯维茨的投资组合理论奠定了现代金融理论的基石。自提出以来,就受到关注,国内外学者对其进行了大量的研究。本文在对该理论进行介绍的基础上,介绍了国内学者的研究成果。