全球鞋业转移背景下我国制鞋业的地方集群升级--以温州鞋业集群为例

首先分析了制鞋业的国际竞争态势,回顾了鞋业制造业的国际空间转移现象,由此引发出关于鞋业集群升级问题的探讨。指出在集群升级问题上,本地企业的互动及外部联系是共存的。由于全球性的零售商、品牌公司在全球生产和分销中的地位日益突出,本地公司与跨国公司的外部联系十分重要,但是,进入全球价值链并不是说可以忽略本地企业之间的互动。本地企业之间、当地政府及机构与本地企业之间的互动对本地产业集群的升级也是必不可少的。最后围绕鞋业集群的升级问题,分析了温州鞋业集群的竞争优势、空间分布以及面临的困境,并提出了相应的政策建议。     

喀斯特峡谷区民族心理意识的模糊综合评价--以贵州花江峡谷地区为例

采用实地抽样调查数据,从地理学、心理学、行为科学的角度,运用模糊数学上的综合评价方法,将喀斯特环境与贵州西南花江喀斯特峡谷地区当地居民的心理意识及行为作为一个相互作用的系统来认识人地相互关系,将喀斯特石山区生态环境、社会经济条件的特殊性与心理意识相结合并进行数理分析、相关对比和模糊综合评价的整体性进行综合定性与定量研究,从人的数量,更重要的是从人的质量(素质)和行为效应与预测的角度,揭示了喀斯特地区民族心理意识与人地关系的基本特征。     

西部特殊困难地区发展:综合评价与地域划分

西部大开发10年来的工作重点以"打基础"为主,对提高居民收入和生活水平重视不够。造成西部地区经济发展水平、居民收入与全国平均水平差距较大,西部地区内部发展差异较为显著。特别是仍有部分地区贫困面大、贫困程度深的地区,其发展存在特殊困难。现有研究缺乏西部内部小尺度的比较分析和综合评判,也缺乏综合地域划分。文章选用改进熵值法对西部171个地级行政单位进行综合发展评价,依据地理空间一致性对特殊困难地区进行地域划分,得到七个集中连片地区。分析显示,各片区致贫落后诱因相对一致。并探讨集中连片特殊困难地区发展的一般思路。     

ADJUSTING NET WORTH FOR PRICE CHANGES WITH REFERENCE TO THE CANADIAN SYSTEM OF NATIONAL ACCOUNTS

This paper develops a rationale for a comprehensive measure of income and provides illustrative calculations within the Canadian System of National Accounts for making adjustments to net worth for price changes.
The paper notes that the System of National Accounts is designed to provide a number of individual aggregates measuring total production, income, savings and net worth. There is no single overall comprehensive measure which reflects the combined effect of changes in income and wealth. Such a measure is of particular importance in periods of rapid or extensive price changes which affect not only purchasing power of income but also the value of assets held and liabilities outstanding with consequences on net worth positions. This paper explores these issues and develops techniques for measuring the effects of specific and overall price changes with respect to net worth of the various sectors in the economy, illustrated with data from the integrated Canadian System of National Accounts.     

TESTING THE SEQUENTIAL LOGIT MODEL AGAINST THE NESTED LOGIT MODEL*

In this paper, we show that the sequential logit (SL) model, in which a choice process is characterized as a sequence of independent multinomial logit models, is a limiting case of the nested logit (NL) model. For testing the SL model against the NL model, we propose Wald, likelihood ratio and Lagrange multiplier tests after suitably reparameterizing the NL model. It is found that when the NL model parameters are “weakly identified”, the Wald test severely underrejects the true model, whereas the sizes of the LR and LM tests are not significantly affected.     

UNEMPLOYMENT IN AN EQUILIBRIUM MODEL WITH BARGAINING*

This paper develops a model which embeds the Nash-equilibrium version of McDonald and Solow's (1981) wage-bargaining model into an otherwise standard static equilibrium macro model. Equilibrium unemployment is possible. Real shocks to demand result in pro-cyclical employment and anti-cyclical real wage movements while money shocks are neutral. This is in some contrast to the results obtained by McDonald and Solow.     

FORECASTING AND POLICY EVALUATION IN ECONOMIES WITH RATIONAL EXPECTATIONS: THE DISCRETE TIME CASE*

Several techniques for solving dynamic rational expectations models have been proposed. This paper puts forward an alternative method for discrete time models, which is significantly simpler to use in practice. That solution is used to derive and compute optimal policy selections (incorporating ‘noncausal’ effects) which, by exploiting the discrete time framework, are also time consistent when sequentially reoptimized. Those decisions are shown to contain an optimal open loop component plus an innovations dependent correction mechanism. A numerical example is used to verify these properties, and to demonstrate the superiority of this policy selection technique over recursive methods (e.g. dynamic programming).     

A MATCHING MODEL WITH ENDOGENOUS SKILL REQUIREMENTS>*

We consider a labor market in which workers differ in their abilities and jobs differ in their skill requirements. The distribution of worker abilities is exogenous, but we model the choice of skill requirements by firms. High‐skill jobs produce more output than low‐skill jobs, but high‐skill jobs require high‐skill workers and thus are more difficult to fill. We use a matching model together with a Nash bargaining approach to wage setting to determine the equilibrium mix of job types, along with the equilibrium relationship between worker and job characteristics, wages, and unemployment.