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1.
《Spatial Economic Analysis》2013,8(1):133-167
Abstract Spatial heterogeneity, spatial dependence and spatial scale constitute key features of spatial analysis of housing markets. However, the common practice of modelling spatial dependence as being generated by spatial interactions through a known spatial weights matrix is often not satisfactory. While existing estimators of spatial weights matrices are based on repeat sales or panel data, this paper takes the approach to a cross-section setting. Specifically, based on an a priori definition of housing submarkets and the assumption of a multifactor model, we develop maximum likelihood methodology to estimate hedonic models that facilitate understanding of both spatial heterogeneity and spatial interactions. The methodology, based on statistical orthogonal factor analysis, applied to the urban housing market of Aveiro (Portugal) at two different spatial scales, provides exciting inferences on the spatial structure of the housing market. RÉSUMÉ L'hétérogénéité spatiale, la dépendance spatiale et l’échelle spatiale sont des caractéristiques clé de l'analyse spatiale dans les marchés de l'immobilier. Toutefois, la pratique habituelle de la modélisation de la dépendance spatiale comme étant le résultat d'interactions spatiales par le biais d'une matrice de poids spatiaux n'est souvent pas satisfaisante. Alors que les estimateurs existants des matrices de poids spatiaux sont basés sur des données de panel ou des ventes répétées, la présente communication adopte le principe d'un cadre transversal. Plus spécifiquement, sur la base d'une définition à priori des sub-marchés de l'immobilier, et de l'hypothèse d'un modèle multifactoriel, nous créons une méthodologie de probabilité maximale pour estimer des modèles hédoniques qui facilitent les connaissances de l'hétérogénéité spatiale et des interactions spatiales. Cette méthodologie, basée sur une analyse des facteurs orthogonaux, appliquée au secteur de l'immobilier urbain à Aveiro (Portugal) à deux échelles spatiales différentes, fournit des inférences excitantes en ce qui concerne la structure spatiale du secteur de l'immobilier. EXTRACTO La heterogeneidad, dependencia y escala espaciales constituyen características clave del análisis espacial de los mercados de la vivienda. No obstante, la práctica común de modelar la dependencia espacial como algo generado por interacciones espaciales a través de una matriz conocida de pesos espaciales, a menudo, no es satisfactoria. Aunque los estimadores existentes de matrices de pesos espaciales se basan en ventas repetidas o datos de panel, este estudio lleva el planteamiento a un marco de corte transversal. Específicamente, basados en una definición a priori de los submercados de la vivienda y en la presuposición de un modelo de múltiples factores, desarrollamos una metodología de probabilidad máxima para estimar modelos hedónicos, que facilita la comprensión de la heterogeneidad espacial y las interacciones espaciales. La metodología, basada en el análisis estadístico de factores ortogonales y aplicada al mercado de la vivienda urbana de Aveiro (Portugal) en dos escalas espaciales diferentes, proporciona interesantes inferencias sobre la estructura espacial del mercado de la vivienda. 相似文献
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P. Elhorst M. Abreu P. Amaral A. Bhattacharjee L. Corrado B. Fingleton 《Spatial Economic Analysis》2016,11(1):1-6
In this editorial, we summarize and comment on the papers published in issue 11.1 so as to raise the bar in applied spatial economic research and highlight new trends. The first paper employs the J-test to discriminate between two economic-theoretical explanations for the wage curve. The second applies a two-step ML procedure to measure the impact of volatility on economic growth. The third tests for endogeneity in the Spatial lag of X (SLX) model and whether or not the model should be extended to contain a spatial lag. The fourth utilizes the gravity model to test whether or not grids should be merged into larger units of observations. Finally, the last adopts a time-space recursive model to test the ripple effect and (linguistic) border effect hypotheses on housing prices in Belgium. 相似文献
4.
《Spatial Economic Analysis》2013,8(2):225-245
Abstract We use a spatial econometric extension of the traditional regression-based gravity model to model commodity flows, focusing on a formal methodology for incorporating information regarding the highway network into the spatial connectivity structure of the spatial autoregressive econometric model. We show that our simple approach to incorporating this information in the model produces improved model fit and higher likelihood function values. Empirical estimates of the relative importance of the different types of origin–destination connectivity between regions indicates that the strongest spatial autoregressive effects arise when both origin and destination regions have neighbouring regions located on the highway network. 相似文献
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Bernard Fingleton 《Spatial Economic Analysis》2016,11(1):7-26
We develop a bootstrap J-test method for testing a panel model against one non-nested alternative when the competing specifications are estimated by Feasible Generalised Spatial Two Stage Least Squares/Generalised Method of Moments (FGS2SLS/GMM). Both models incorporate spatially correlated error components, thus accounting for spatial heterogeneity via random effects, and accommodate endogenous regressors other than the spatially lagged dependent variable. The proposed scheme is applied to a testing problem involving non-nested wage equations as motivated by the Wage Curve literature and the New Economic Geography theory. Results show that our bootstrap test is a reliable and effective procedure for correcting asymptotic reference critical values and distinguishing between the two rival hypotheses. 相似文献
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In time series macroeconometric models, the first difference in the logarithm of a variable is routinely used to represent
the rate of change of that variable. It is often overlooked that the assumed approximation is accurate only if the rates of
change are small. Models of hyper-inflation are a case in point, since in these models, by definition, changes in price are
large. In this letter, Cagan’s model is applied to Hungarian hyper-inflation data. It is then demonstrated that use of the
approximation in the formation of the price inflation variable is causing an upward bias in the model’s key parameter, and
therefore an exaggeration of the effect postulated by Cagan. 相似文献
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《Spatial Economic Analysis》2013,8(1):1-5
Abstract In this editorial we summarize and comment on papers published in issue 7.1. This is a themed issue, with four of the papers being originally presented at the 9th International Workshop in Spatial Statistics and Econometrics held at the University of Orléans, France. This was organized by Cem Ertur, who was chair of the Scientific Committee, and who has co-edited the current issue and taken the lead in writing about the papers from the Orléans workshop. The first paper, which was not an Orléans paper, is ‘Business Cycles Association in a Small Monetary Union: The Case of Switzerland’ by Alexandra Ferreira-Lopes &; Tiago Sequeira. From Orléans we have ‘QML Estimation of Spatial Dynamic Panel Data Models with Time Varying Spatial Weights Matrices’ by Lung-Fei Lee &; Jihai Yu; ‘Improving the J Test in the SARAR Model by Likelihood-Based Estimation’ by Peter Burridge; ‘The Mundlak Approach in the Spatial Durbin Panel Data Model’ by Nicolas Debarsy; and ‘Spatial Interactions in Hedonic Pricing Models: The Urban Housing Market of Aveiro, Portugal’ by Arnab Bhattacharjee, Eduardo Castro &; João Marques. RÉSUMÉ Dans la présente communication, nous résumons les communications publiées dans l’édition 7.1, et nous présentons des commentaires sur ces dernières. Il s'agit d'une édition à thème, quatre des communications ayant été présentées initialement au 9ème atelier international de statistiques et d’économétrie spatiales, à l'université d'Orléans, en France. Cette édition a été organisée par Cem Ertur, qui était président du Comité scientifique, a coédité l’édition actuelle, et a pris le pas dans les communications sur les communications émanant de l'atelier d'Orléans. La première communication, qui n’était pas une communication d'Orléans, est « Association de Cycles commerciaux dans une Union monétaire restreinte: le cas de la Suisse », par Alexandra Ferreira-Lopes &; Tiago Sequeira. D'Orléans, nous avons reçu « Estimation QML de modèles de données de groupe dynamique spatial, avec matrices de poids spatiaux temporalisées », par Lung-Fei Lee &; Jihai Yu; « Optimisation du test « J » dans le modèle SARAR par estimation basée sur les probabilité », par Peter Burridge; « L'approche de Mundlak dans le modèle spatial de données de panel de Durbin », par Nicolas Debarsy; et « Interactions spatiales dans les modèles hédoniques des prix: le marché de l'immobilier urbain d'Aveiro, au Portugal », par Arnab Bhattacharjee, Eduardo Castro &; João Marques. EXTRACTO En este trabajo resumimos y hacemos comentarios sobre trabajos publicados en la edición 7.1. Esta edición tiene un tema, y cuatro de sus estudios se presentaron originalmente en el Noveno Taller Internacional de Estadísticas Espaciales y Econometría celebrado en la Universidad de Orleans, Francia. Éste fue organizado por Cem Ertur, que presidió el Comité Científico, coeditó la edición actual y adoptó la posición líder en escribir sobre los estudios derivados del taller de trabajo de Orleans. El primer trabajo, que no fue uno de los estudios de Orleans, es la ‘Asociación de Ciclos de Negocios en una Unión Monetaria Pequeña: el Caso de Suiza’ de Alexandra Ferreira-Lopes &; Tiago Sequeira. Los estudios procedentes de Orleans son: ‘Estimación QML de modelos de datos de panel dinámicos espaciales con matrices de pesos espaciales que varían con el tiempo’ de Lung-Fei Lee &; Jihai Yu; ‘Mejora de la prueba J en el modelo SARAR por estimación basada en probabilidad’ de Peter Burridge; ‘El planteamiento Mundlak en el modelo espacial de datos de panel Durbin’ de Nicolas Debarsy; e, ‘Interacciones espaciales en modelos hedónicos de fijación de precios: el mercado de la vivienda urbana de Aveiro, Portugal’ de Arnab Bhattacharjee, Eduardo Castro &; João Marques. 相似文献
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空间自相关统计量是用于度量地理数据的一个基本性质,空间分析学者结合日益成熟的电脑科技GIS、空间计量方法、以及大型资料库,目的在精确地界定空间因素的重要性及影响力,空间权重矩阵用fij符号来表示空间的对象i,j的互相关联,fij=0就是表示空间权重矩阵的对角元素为零。空间权重矩阵有可以根据文中的几个函数方法来确定。 相似文献
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《Spatial Economic Analysis》2013,8(3):215-218
Abstract In this paper we summarize and comment on the papers published in issue 6.3. The papers reviewed are: ‘In Search of “W”’ by Richard Harris, John Moffat &; Victoria Kravtsova; ‘Cross-national Neighbouring Effects on European Regional Specialization’ by Toni Mora, Patricia Garcia-Duran &; Montserrat Millet; ‘Intra-national Purchasing Power Parity and Balassa–Samuelson Effects in Italy’ by Andrea Vaona; ‘Enterprise and Competitive Advantage in the Australian Context: A Spatial Econometric Perspective’ by Paul Plummer &; Michael Taylor; and ‘Development of a Large-scale Single US Region CGE Model using IMPLAN Data: A Los Angeles County Example with a Productivity Shock Application’ by James Andrew Giesecke. Analyses économiques spatiales: éditorial Résumé dans la présente communication, nous résumons les communications publiées dans le numéro 6.3, et nous présentons nos commentaires. Les communications en question sont les suivantes : « A la recherche de W » (In Search of W) par Richard Harris, John Moffat et Victoria Kravtsova ; « Effets du voisinage transfrontière sur la spécialisation régionale européenne » (Cross-national neighbouring effects on European regional specialisation) par Toni Mora, Patricia Garcia-Duran et Montserrat Millet ; « Parité du pouvoir d'achat intranational et effets de Balassa-Samuelson en Italie (Intra-national Purchasing Power Parity and Balassa-Samuelson Effects in Italy), par Andrea Vaona ; « Entreprise et Avantage sur la Concurrence dans le contexte de l'Australie : une Perspective économétrique spatiale » (Enterprise and Competitive Advantage in the Australian Context: A Spatial Econometric Perspective) par Paul Plummer et Michael Taylor ; et « Développement d'un modèle CGE à grande échelle pour une région individuelle des États-Unis à l'aide de données IMPLAN : un exemple du comté de Los Angeles avec une application choc de la Productivité » (Development of a large-scale single U.S. region CGE model using IMPLAN data: A Los Angeles County example with a productivity shock application), par James Andrew Giesecke. Análisis económico espacial: editorial Extracto En este estudio resumimos y hacemos comentarios sobre estudios publicados en la edición 6.3. Los estudios revisados son: ‘In Search of ‘W’’ (En busca de ‘W’) de Richard Harris, John Moffat y Victoria Kravtsova; ‘Cross-national neighbouring effects on European regional specialisation’ (Efectos de la contigüidad transnacional sobre la especialización regional europea) de Toni Mora, Patricia García-Duran y Montserrat Millet; ‘Intra-national Purchasing Power Parity and Balassa-Samuelson Effects in Italy’ (Paridad del poder adquisitivo intranacional y los efectos Balassa-Samuelson en Italia) de Andrea Vaona; ‘Enterprise and Competitive Advantage in the Australian Context: A Spatial Econometric Perspective’ (Empresa y ventaja competitiva en el contexto australiano: una perspectiva econométrica espacial) de Paul Plummer y Michael Taylor; y, ‘Development of a large-scale single U.S. region CGE model using IMPLAN data: A Los Angeles County example with a productivity shock application’ (Desarrollo de un modelo CGE a gran escala de una región estadounidense única utilizando datos IMPLAN: un ejemplo de Los Angeles County con una aplicación de choque de productividad) de James Andrew Giesecke. 相似文献
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本文基于长三角、京津冀、珠三角以及长江中游城市群2003—2016年的城市数据,通过构建空间杜宾模型及试点政策矩阵(“点石成金”),分析其空间溢出效应,并与地理临近溢出(“近水楼台”)对照,得到创新型城市政策试点建设的差异特征。研究结果表明:城市要素存在显著的空间相关性,随着政策联系的不断加强,空间距离的影响在不断弱化。样本城市群中,综合研发人员的投入缺乏针对性表现出不显著的特征,而政策上稀缺的高技术产业研发人员则由于投入的竞争性表现出显著为负的空间溢出效应。应进一步发挥试点政策的示范效应,兼顾试点城市的现实差异,强化政策的指引作用,实现城市创新发展。 相似文献
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《Spatial Economic Analysis》2013,8(2):207-226
Abstract The spatial Durbin model occupies an interesting position in the field of spatial econometrics. It is the reduced form of a model with cross-sectional dependence in the errors and it may be used as the nesting equation in a more general approach of model selection. Specifically, in this equation we obtain the common factor tests (of which the likelihood ratio is the best known) whose objective is to discriminate between substantive and residual dependence in an apparently misspecified equation. Our paper tries to delve deeper into the role of the spatial Durbin model in the problem of specifying a spatial econometric model. We include a Monte Carlo study related to the performance of the common factor tests presented in the paper in small sample sizes. 相似文献
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Two important empirical features of US unemployment are that shocks to the series seem rather persistent and that it seems to rise faster during recessions than that it falls during expansions. To jointly capture these features of long memory and nonlinearity, we put forward a new time series model and evaluate its empirical performance. We find that the model describes the data rather well and that it outperforms related competitive models on various measures of fit. 相似文献
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基于主客观决策信息一致化的组合赋权法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章从客观的角度,提出一种综合主客观权重的组合权重确定法。该方法以主客观决策信息一致化为目标建立数学规划模型,通过求解该模型确定综合主客观权重的加权系数,并通过算例说明方法的有效性。 相似文献
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本文在深入调研昆明纺织厂片区之后,试图寻找城市的隐形逻辑,以此来解决该片区所存在的问题。通过拥挤文化及气候问题来分析研究昆明的城市空间策略。目的是为了找到延续这种语言(空间策略)的方法。 相似文献
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Andrés Ramírez Hassan 《Spatial Economic Analysis》2017,12(1):92-112
The interplay between the Bayesian and Frequentist approaches: a general nesting spatial panel-data model. Spatial Economic Analysis. An econometric framework mixing the Frequentist and Bayesian approaches is proposed in order to estimate a general nesting spatial model. First, it avoids specific dependency structures between unobserved heterogeneity and regressors, which improves mixing properties of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) procedures in the presence of unobserved heterogeneity. Second, it allows model selection based on a strong statistical framework, characteristics that are not easily introduced using a Frequentist approach. We perform some simulation exercises, finding good performance of the properties of our approach, and apply the methodology to analyse the relation between productivity and public investment in the United States. 相似文献
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Romin Pajouheshnia Noah A. Schuster Rolf H. H. Groenwold Frans H. Rutten Karel G. M. Moons Linda M. Peelen 《Statistica Neerlandica》2020,74(1):38-51
Failure to account for time-dependent treatment use when developing a prognostic model can result in biased future predictions. We reviewed currently available methods to account for treatment use when developing a prognostic model. First, we defined the estimands targeted by each method and examined their mechanisms of action with directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). Next, methods were implemented in data from 1,906 patients; 325 received selective β-blockers (SBBs) during follow-up. We demonstrated seven Cox regression modeling strategies: (a) ignoring SBB treatment; (b) excluding SBB users or (c) censoring them when treated; (d) inverse probability of treatment weighting after censoring (IPCW), including SBB treatment as (e) a binary or (f) a time-dependent covariate; and (g) marginal structural modeling (MSM). Using DAGs, we demonstrated IPCW and MSM have the best properties and target a similar estimand. In the case study, compared to (a), approaches (b) and (e) provided predictions that were 1% and 2% higher on average. Performance (c-statistic, Brier score, calibration slope) varied minimally between approaches. Our review of methods confirmed that ignoring treatment is theoretically inferior, but differences between the prediction models obtained using different methods can be modest in practice. Future simulation studies and applications are needed to assess the value of applying IPCW or MSM to adjust for treatments in different treatment and disease settings. 相似文献
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笔者结合多年工作经验,从全寿命周期成本评估特高压直流输电线路导线选型基本控制条件着手,对导线选型模型构建以及系统实现及实例做了简要分析。 相似文献
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Harjinder Singh David Woodliff Nigar Sultana Rick Newby 《International Journal of Auditing》2014,18(1):27-39
Studies examining the relationship between a firm's internal audit (IA) function and its audit fees have produced mixed results with suggestions of possible model mis‐specification in these studies. Our analysis reveals that differences in significance for IA with audit fees is driven by the choice of variables proxying for firm size and other firm characteristics, suggesting that prior results are entangled with model specification issues. Specifically, when the sales variable is used as a measure of firm size, IA is insignificant (in explaining variations in audit fees) but subsequently becomes significant when assets and employees are used. To overcome the conflicting results, subsequent factor analysis supported a positive relationship between IA and audit fees. The most significant implication from this study is that previously reported relationships involving audit fees may be the outcome of the model adopted rather than the underlying relationship between the variable of interest and audit fees 相似文献
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在城市创新空间溢出效应的研究中,空间计量对于空间权重的选择具有敏感性。基于2003—2018年我国271个主要城市的面板数据,通过引入强、弱行政调节因子构建改进的空间权重,对创新空间自相关性进行比较。进一步引入杜宾模型实证分析了城市人口规模、产业集聚等因素对城市之间创新溢出的影响,并对创新空间关联进行分解,以探讨行政调节对各个城市创新溢出影响因素的差异性。研究发现,在考察期内中国城市创新存在空间依赖性和相互促进作用,城市创新空间溢出也会受到行政边界效应的影响;在地理距离空间上,城市人口规模能够促进城市间的创新溢出,但行政调节会减弱其影响。产业专业化集聚和多样化集聚抑制了创新溢出,但行政调节可以削弱这种不利影响;在经济距离空间上,城市人口规模、产业专业化集聚和人力资本等因素能显著促进城市间的创新溢出,行政调节产生的作用不大。各个城市各创新影响因素表现出的差异性为我国各级政府制定创新政策与协调实践提供理论和经验依据。 相似文献