中国省域经济增长模式的空间演化分析

本文采用空间面板计量分析方法,考察中国省域经济发展模式的动态演化特征。研究发现,中国省域经济增长存在显著的空间集聚效应和地区效应。在此基础上,使用空间自相关固定效应模型,对1985～2006年中国省域经济增长的趋同性进行了实证分析。结果表明,从时间演化上看,中国经济增长差异呈现先趋同后趋异再趋同的趋势,并表现出两俱乐部趋同;中国省域经济增长存在条件收敛,且收敛速度先减缓后加速。从空间演化上看,经济集聚和省域差距相伴随出现,增长过程中区域外溢显著存在,促进了经济的趋同演化。     

我国区域经济增长收敛的短期性和长期性分析

从一个新的视角来解释经济增长收敛,对区域经济增长收敛从短期性和长期性两个方面来进行研究,认为区域经济增长的差异呈先扩大后减小的过程即倒U形。对改革开放以来我国区域经济增长过程进行实证分析,结果表明:在短期内我国区域经济增长趋于发散,但只要采取合适的政策措施,在长期内我国区域经济增长将趋于收敛;并给出了我国区域经济增长收敛曲线的模型形式及预测结果。     

我国区域经济增长收敛的计量分析

本文利用区域面板数据,对1979--2006年我国区域经济增长的收敛性进行了计量分析。研究结果表明,改革开放以来我国区域经济增长不存在绝对收敛趋势,但东、中、西部三大经济带基本上存在收敛趋势,形成了所谓的“收敛俱乐部”现象;在条件收敛回归中,如果控制了投资率、人力资本水平、非国有化水平、对外开放度、基础设施水平和产业结构等经济变量,我国区域经济增长则呈现显著的条件收敛。     

中国数字经济发展的分布动态、区域差异及收敛性研究

基于数字经济理论内涵构建中国省际数字经济发展评价指标体系,利用主成分分析法进行测度,并采用Kernel密度估计、Dagum基尼系数及分解方法揭示数字经济发展的分布动态、区域差异及来源,利用变异系数和空间计量模型检验数字经济发展的σ收敛和β收敛特征.研究发现:2011—2018年,中国区域数字经济总体发展水平稳步提升;4大板块数字经济发展差异显著,区域间差异是总体区域差异的主要来源;空间分布呈非均衡性和渐进演进态势,空间集聚特征明显;除东北部外,全国和其他区域数字经济发展不存在明显的σ收敛;中国数字经济发展存在明显的绝对β收敛和条件β收敛趋势,且发展水平较低的西部和东北部具有较高的收敛速度;地区数字经济发展与经济增长的收敛性存在趋同,但收敛速度不同步.     

Internationalization and industrial districts: evidence from the Italian automotive supply chain

In this paper we focus on the determinants of internationalization and, in particular, on the specific role played by the agglomeration of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) through their proximity to a large firm. We study the characteristics of the internationalization process in a representative sample of 786 firms in the Italian automotive supply chain. After building an Internationalization Strategy Index (ISI), we perform a multinomial logit econometric analysis. The main findings of the empirical analysis are: (a) Italian automotive supplier firms mainly go in the foreign markets through export, i.e. the simplest internationalization mode; (b) as predicted in the literature, individual firm characteristics play a significant role in the probability of internationalization; (c) firms located in the province of Turin, where the dominant car assembler (Fiat) in Italy has its headquarters, or more generally, in large automotive industry districts, enjoy a clear localization advantage; (d) interestingly, we also find that internationalization is negatively correlated with the share of Fiat in suppliers’ sales, and that suppliers located in a district and less dependent on Fiat are also those adopting the most advanced internationalization strategies.     

Technology diffusion,spatial effects and productivity growth in the Chinese provinces

This paper investigates spatial spillover effects of productivity in China. We set up a model in which a Chinese province achieves productivity growth by taking advantage of productivity spillovers from the world frontier and from other Chinese provinces. By using fixed effects and GMM panel data methods, we show that productivity growth in an inland province in China can be partly attributed to productivity spillover effects of other provinces. We also show that provincial human capital plays an important role in determining the magnitude of these spillover effects.     

中国区域能源效率趋同性研究:基于空间经济学视角

文章首先采用基于投入导向的规模报酬不变的超效率DEA模型测算了1991-2008年中国各地区的能源效率,然后进行了地区能源效率的空间相关性分析,并基于空间计量分析方法对能源效率的趋同性进行了实证检验,同时还探寻了造成能源效率地区差异的影响因素。结果表明,我国区域能源效率之间的正相关性逐渐增强,能源效率分布呈空间集聚趋势;在样本期内,我国能源效率存在绝对β趋同特征,且条件β趋同迹象也很明显,产业结构、工业化水平、政府行为和FDI等因素是造成能源效率地区差异的重要原因。     

Sanctions and the shadow economy: empirical evidence from Iranian provinces

Using Iranian province level data from 2001 to 2013, this study finds that the international sanctions of 2012/2013 had a significantly stronger negative impact on the growth rate of the shadow economy than they did on the official GDP growth rate. Thus, the international sanctions on Iran have damaged the informal economy even more than the formal economy.     

Real Convergence and European Integration: The Experience of the Less Developed EU Members

This study aims at providing an assessment about real convergence across countriesand regions in the EU, focusing more specifically on the four cohesion EU members.The results show that in the course of the last few years a process of convergence hastaken place between the per capita income levels of the EU regions and also, to a largerextent, of the Member States. Nevertheless, advances in real convergence are largelydetermined by the growth strategy implemented by the countries themselves. Lastly,our study suggests that the Community's regional policy has played a significant rolein favor of real convergence between the Member States of the EU. One importantlesson to be drawn is that the accession is likely to contribute significantly to improvingthe possibilities of the current Central and East European countries (CEECs) candidatesin aligning their per capita income levels with those of the EU members.     

中国区域经济收敛的空间计量分析——基于长三角1993-2006年132个县市区的实证研究

文章运用空间统计与空间计量的分析方法,根据长三角132个县市区的统计数据,进行了区域经济增长收敛性的实证研究,结果发现长三角132个县市区经济增长存在着显著的空间依赖性或空间自相关特征,因而若采用标准的β收敛方程会使得估计结果出现有偏与不一致;而若采用考虑了空间依赖性或空间自相关因素的模型进行估计,则其结果显示,虽然长三角县市区经济增长的收敛方向并没有改变,但是其经济收敛的速度却明显下降,且在统计上显著.这一发现不仅证实了新古典增长模型所反映的增长机制仍然决定着长三角经济增长的基本面,新经济增长因素只是减弱了长三角地区经济收敛的趋势,并没有从根本上改变经济增长收敛的方向;而且从更小空间单元测度的层面刻画了长三角经济增长的空间依赖性特征.     

Labor scarcity and the turning point in the Chinese rural sectors: empirical evidences from a frontier production function study

The purpose of this study is to examine whether overemployment has existed in the Chinese agricultural sector since 2000. The moment when overemployment ceases to exist is called the ‘turning point.’ After the turning point, an economy would be classified as entering the developed stage. Since the later half of the 2000s, many studies have analyzed the turning point of the Chinese economy. However, these studies have not reached a consensus as to the existence of overemployment. Varieties of data sources for the empirical studies have affected the discrepancies of these results. This study uses the flow data (e.g., the days of work and the daily wage) rather than stock. From our estimation results, we confirm that the Chinese agricultural sector has been increasing its production efficiency. In addition, our study indicates that overemployment is decreasing in almost all provinces and some regions have achieved a turning point.     

中国区域技术效率的空间收敛性分析：1994—2008

空间计量经济学认为一个地区空间单元上的同一现象或属性值与邻近地区空间单元上同一现象或属性值是相关的。文章通过对我国地区技术效率的空间依赖性检验发现我国地区技术效率存在显著的空间依赖性。因此本文在地区技术效率宅间依赖性的基础上对我国地区技术效率的收敛性及其影响因素进行了分析,实证结果表明我国地区技求效率存在显著的条件收敛性,其中地区对外开放水平、资源禀赋条件、市场化程度是我国地区技术效率趋异的重要因素;而地区工业化水平、人力资本水平、科技投入水平则是促进我国妯区技术效率趋同的雷辱陶素．     

Inflation-hedging properties of regional Chinese real estate market: evidence from 35 cities in China

The housing markets in China have been gaining considerable interest from investors, but the inflation-hedging characteristics of housing remain ambiguous. Based on Chinese city-level data, this study evaluates different inflation-hedging properties in eastern, middle and western real estate markets using panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) models. Findings suggest middle real estate markets afford the best hedging opportunities for expected inflation, which is robust considering housing market heterogeneity, financial crisis and the 2010 purchase restriction order. Moreover, hedging efficacy of anticipated inflation differs between markets with low and high supply–demand ratio.     

2002—2011年中国新型城市化空间格局与收敛性分析

根据新型城市化的内涵,从经济、社会、生态、城乡和城市现代等方面,构建中国新型城市化综合评价指标体系,运用熵值法,对2002—2011年中国31个省份进行测评。同时,运用空间分析工具和计量模型,考察了中国新型城市化水平的空间格局和收敛性。结果显示:1全国新型城市化水平呈现逐年上升的趋势,但东部、中部和西部的整体水平差异较大。2在空间格局分析上,各省域新型城市化水平在空间上存在显著的正相关,地域总体格局呈现三级梯度分布的趋势;新型城市化主要是靠长三角和珠三角两大城市群拉动的。3在收敛分析上,新型城市化存在显著的收敛性,应用合理空间模型(SEM)能加快收敛的时间。4在收敛检验方面,引入变量大大提高了模型的拟合程度,并且城镇人口比重最大。研究认为,要加强户籍制度改革,破除城乡二元结构,推动中国城市化健康发展。     

Uncertainty and the macroeconomy: evidence from an uncertainty composite indicator

This article proposes a uncertainty composite indicator (UCI) based on three distinct sources of uncertainty (namely financial, political, and macroeconomic) for the US economy on the period 1985–2015. For that, we use a dynamic factor model, summarizing efficiently six individual uncertainty proxies, namely two macroeconomic and financial uncertainty factors based on the unpredictability, a measure of (micro)economic uncertainty, the implied volatility index, the corporate bond spreads, and an index of economic policy uncertainty. We then compare the effects of uncertainty on economic activity when the UCI is used instead of individual uncertainty proxies in structural VAR models. The interest of our UCI is to synthesize theses effects within one measure of uncertainty. Overall, the UCI was able to account for the most important dynamics of uncertainty which play an important role in business cycles.     

Trade-threshold Effect on Inflation in Tunisia: New Evidence Resulting from a Nonlinear Approach

Trade openness is an important determinant of the inflation process. The effect of trade openness on inflation, however, is still an issue of debate at both theoretical and empirical levels. This study tried to provide a contribution to the literature by examining the relationship between inflation and trade openness in Tunisia over the period 1975Q1-2015Q4 using a nonlinear model. The originality of this study stems from the fact that it is the first investigation considering both the Residual-Based Tests for Cointegration in Models with the Regime Shifts and Threshold Regression model. The linear model confirms the existence of a positive relationship between inflation and trade in Tunisia. Yet, considering the nonlinear model, trade openness growth and Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation growth show a statistically significant negative link as long as the trade openness evolution does not exceed the threshold. Nevertheless, if the trade openness growth is higher than the threshold, integrating the trade positively affects CPI inflation. Furthermore, a positive influence of Money supply growth on this type of inflation was noticed in Tunisia in all the considered regimes proving the effect of monetary factors on inflation level. Consequently, trade openness could be used to control inflation in Tunisia.     

Evaluation of the New Keynesian Phillips Curve: evidence from the Euro Area and United States

Empirical relevance of inflation expectations in the New Keynesian Phillips Curve (NKPC) is highly controversial in the macroeconomics literature. With this in mind, this article evaluates the purely forward-looking NKPC useful for policy analysis with respect to their abilities to account for the dynamic relationship between output and inflation. Our findings show that the NKPC heavily relying on firms’ forward-looking behaviour is hardly supported by the Euro Area and the US data. The failure of the NKPC in matching the data is consistently observed across the sub-samples divided before and after the early 1980s. For comparison, we also investigate the performance of the hybrid NKPC and the traditional backward-looking Phillips curve associated with ad hoc price indexation assumptions.     

区域经济视角下国内支线航空发展困境的成因分析

区域经济是一种综合性经济发展的地理概念,反映区域性的资源开发和利用的现状及其问题,尤其是反映一定区域内各种经济资源的合理利用程度。从区域经济的角度来看,当前中国国内支线航空发展陷入困境的成因,很大程度上是在于我们对支线航空区域发展布局的科学性和社会总体经济效益重视程度不够,没有从各地区的实际情况出发进行支线机场的规划建设。     

Macroeconomic policy uncertainty shocks on the Chinese economy: a GVAR analysis

This article studies the spillovers of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) from developed economies to China in terms of the source, extent and persistence by estimating a global vector autoregressive (GVAR) model with both financial and trade variables acting as the transmission channels. Our findings confirm the existence of international transmissions of policy uncertainty, while the patterns differ markedly. The US EPU appears to be the most significant cause of the fall of export, industrial production, equity price and exchange rate, meanwhile, the EU EPU is also to be blamed for the depreciation of RMB. In contrast to industrial production, which shows the largest negative impact, Chinese inflation increases to a relatively smaller extent with the EPU shocks ranking as the US, Japanese and the EU. Regardless of the minor impact on a long-term interest rate, the short-term interest rate in China reacts positively to the European and US EPU shocks. Despite the independent national monetary policies, EPUs from the EU, Japan and the UK can decrease the Chinese monetary aggregate. In summary, the Chinese economy responds the most to the US EPU, especially to its inflation expectation disagreement component, whereas it responds the least to the UK EPU.     

Examining the relationship between stock return volatility and trading volume: new evidence from an emerging economy

Using daily stock return data for individual stocks from an emerging economy, this article examines the relationship between return volatility and trading volume under the theoretical postulate of the mixture of distributions hypothesis. The results suggest that the contemporaneous trading volume as a proxy for latent information arrival to the market did not contribute to the removal of significant ARCH or Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity effects that are found in stocks at the first stage of the investigation. The same holds for the lagged volume except for one case. This, perhaps, suggests that the trading volume (contemporaneous or lagged) is not adequately conveying information to induce traders’ views of the desirability of trade and, therefore, points to the need for searching for other micro and macro variables to be used as potential proxy for information arrival to the stock market of the emerging economy.