美国银行控股公司的监管实践、监管改革及其借鉴

本文分析了美国银行控股公司立法动因和市场最新发展,阐述了美联储对银行控股公司的持续性监管、监管评级和监管协调,详细分析了美国金融监管改革方案中有关银行控股公司的改革建议。在此基础上,提出了我国金融集团监管和银行控股股东监管的相关建议。     

Valuation Effects of New Securities Issuance by Bank Holding Companies: New Evidence

This study examines the announcement impact of bank holding company (BHC) security offerings on shareholder wealth. The results from this study regarding the effects of preferred stock, convertible debt, and straight debt issuances are largely consistent with previous studies. However, in contrast to previous studies pertaining to both BHCs and nonfinancial firms, this study does not find statistically significant negative announcement effects of common stock issues. This particular finding is consistent with the argument that an increase in the capital ratio may have a positive impact on common stock prices of BHCs under certain circumstances.     

贷款新规考验银行智慧

正2010年2月,中国银监会正式颁布实施《流动资金贷款管理暂行办法》和《个人贷款管理暂行办法》,加上之前施行的《固定资产贷款管理暂行办法》和《项目融资业务指引》,这个在业界被统称为贷款新规的三个办法一个指引,对我国银行业信贷管理将产生一场革命性的变     

金融衍生工具在我国商业银行发展中的作用和潜在风险

金融衍生工具从产生到现在已有30多年了,最近十多年来,金融衍生工具在国际金融市场的作用越来越重要。在我国,虽然金融衍生工具的发展还不是很成熟,但它对商业银行的发展还是起到了一定的作用。在利用金融衍生工具的同时,我们应该注意到它的潜在风险,并对其进行有效、有力的金融监管,确保其健康稳定发展。     

银行控股模式下银行与金融租赁公司的战略协同

商业银行经营金融租赁业务是国际通行模式,在银行控股模式下银行与金融租赁公司的协同效应显著增强.金融租赁公司自身业务创新发展,以及加强与银行及其子公司的整合和协调是实现战略协同的关键.商业银行应该对控股金融租赁子公司加强一级法人治理结构建设和严格业绩管理,推动金融租赁公司专业化经营,实现银租协同发展,提升银行综合服务水平和整体竞争力.     

Bank Holding Company Acquisition Activity: Evidence From Pre- and Post-Deregulation Periods

Both acquisition activity and deregulation have had an impact upon share price and performance of commercial bank holding companies. The purpose of this study is twofold: First, to discern the effects of acquisition activity from the effects of the passage of the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980 (DIDMCA) and Garn-St Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982 (GSG) on balance sheet composition of bank holding companies; and second, to examine the effects of deregulation on returns to shareholders of acquiring bank holding companies. This study finds that commercial bank holding companies involved in acquisitions experience significant changes in their balance sheet composition, not as a result of acquisition activity, but as a result of deregulation. Additionally, bank holding companies that announced acquisitions prior to the effective date of deregulation earned abnormal returns that were significantly negative, whereas holding companies announcing acquisitions after enactment of deregulation earned returns that were not significantly different from zero. Also, the abnormal returns found in previous studies of bank acquisitions may be biased upward because of increases in systematic risk associated with the passage of DIDMCA and GSG.     

The Evidence on Product-Market Diversifying Acquisitions and Joint Ventures by U.S. Banks

We examine the acquisition and joint venture strategies of U.S. banks from 1980 to 1998 to diversify into non-banking sectors. We find that the market responds favorably to both types of expansions, with the gains being shared between acquiring banks and their targets and venture banks and their non-bank partners, respectively. Acquisitions expose acquiring banks to significant increases in nonsystematic, market, and total risk, while joint ventures result in significant decreases in the nonsystematic and total risk measures for participating banks. Our results suggest that product-market expansions, in general, provide U.S. banks with value-enhancing opportunities, and that joint ventures may improve both the return and risk characteristics of the partner banks.     

Noninterest Income and Financial Performance at U.S. Commercial Banks

Noninterest income now accounts for over 40% of operating income in the U.S. commercial banking industry. This paper demonstrates a number of empirical links between bank noninterest income, business strategies, market conditions, technological change, and financial performance between 1989 and 2001. The results indicate that well‐managed banks expand more slowly into noninterest activities, and that marginal increases in noninterest income are associated with poorer risk‐return tradeoffs on average. These findings suggest that noninterest income is coexisting with, rather than replacing, interest income from the intermediation activities that remain banks' core financial services function.     

CEO Bonus Compensation and Bank Default Risk: Evidence from the U.S. and Europe

We investigate the link between the incentive mechanisms embedded in CEO cash bonuses and the riskiness of banks. For a sample of U.S. and European banks, we employ the Merton distance to default model to show that increases in CEO cash bonuses lower the default risk of a bank. However, we find no evidence of cash bonuses exerting a risk‐reducing effect when banks are financially distressed or when banks operate under weak bank regulatory regimes. Our results link bonus compensation in banking to financial stability and caution that attempts to regulate bonus pay need to tailor CEO incentives to the riskiness of banks and to regulatory regimes.     

互联网金融对商业银行的影响分析

互联网金融的发展一方面极大的服务了人们的日常生活,另一方面对商业银行也产生了深远的影响.本文由互联网金融的特点出发,分析了互联网金融对商业银行的影响,并在此基础上提出商业银行的应对措施.     

The Effect of Credit Risk on Bank and Bank Holding Company Bond Yields: Evidence from the Post-FDICIA Period

In this article we examine whether the federal safety net is viewed by the market as being extended beyond de jure deposits to other bank debt and even the debt of bank holding companies (BHCs). We extend previous research by focusing on the post‐FDICIA period and by examining the risk‐return relation of bonds issued directly by banks, not BHCs. Our results provide evidence that both bank and BHC bonds are priced by the secondary market in relation to their underlying credit risk, particularly for less capitalized issuers, suggesting that proposals requiring banks to issue subordinated debt may enhance market monitoring and discipline and be useful in supplementing regulatory discipline.     

当前央行货币政策工具运用对商业银行的影响

近期,央行通过存款准备金率、利率等连续多次调整,明显加大了运用货币政策工具进行宏观调控的力度,对经济的调整作用将逐渐显现出来,同时对商业银行的经营战略和盈利能力,也将产生一定的影响。商业银行应积极响应央行的货币政策,进一步转变经营理念,优化盈利模式,加快金融创新步伐。     

Income Diversification and Bank Performance: Evidence from Italian Banks

Using annual data from Italian banks, we study the link between non-interest revenues and profitability. We find that income diversification increases risk-adjusted returns. Our results provide econometric evidence consistent with current studies on EU banks, but do not support findings on the U.S. experience. In our view, the differences depend primarily on the relative importance of local banks: we find that the relation is stronger at large banks. In addition, we find that there are limits to diversification gains as banks get larger. Small banks can make gains from increasing non-interest income, but only when they have very little non-interest income share to start with. The source of non-interest income is less important than its level.

商业银行挤兑问题研究

挤兑对银行来说是一种灾难性的危机,社会危害巨大。要深入研究造成挤兑的原因,妥善应对,果断处置;同时要加强对挤兑的防范,维护金融稳定。     

资产证券化与商业银行逆向选择问题:基于美国数据的实证研究

选取2009—2016年美国银行控股公司的季度数据,采用面板向量自回归(PVAR)模型围绕着美国信贷资产证券化与银行逆向选择问题展开了研究。研究结果显示,信贷资产证券化的正交化新息对银行的资产质量、流动性水平以及资产收益波动性产生偏离理论预期的脉冲响应。尽管在理论上信贷资产证券化有助于增强银行资产流动性、改善银行资产质量等,但商业银行的动机扭曲反而导致逆向选择问题:即意味着银行在利润最大化的激励机制下抵消了资产证券化的积极作用。模型为研究结果提供了有力的支持,也为资产证券化与银行逆向选择问题提供了来自Panel VAR模型的独特解释。     

Effectiveness of Capital Regulation at U.S. Commercial Banks, 1985 to 1994

Unless priced and administered appropriately, a governmental safety net enhances risk-shifting opportunities for banks. This paper quantifies regulatory efforts to use capital requirements to control risk-shifting by U.S. banks during 1985 to 1994 and investigates how much risk-based capital requirements and other deposit-insurance reforms improved this control. We find that capital discipline did not prevent large banks from shifting risk onto the safety net. Banks with low capital and debt-to-deposits ratios overcame outside discipline better than other banks. Mandates introduced by 1991 legislation have improved but did not establish full regulatory control over bank risk-shifting incentives.     

Effects of the 1970 Bank Holding Company Act: Evidence from Capital Markets

This study measures the effects of the 1970 amendment to the Bank Holding Company (BHC) Act on the profitability and risk of BHCs using capital market data. Differences in abnormal returns and risk among three portfolios of bank shares which differ in their regulatory status are examined in various periods preceding and following the enactment. No significant differences in performance and no change in the relative risk of any pair of portfolios were observed. Thus, the null hypothesis that the nonbank expansion provisions of the 1970 amendment had no effect on BHCs' risk and profitability cannot be rejected.     

The Impact of Bank Consolidation on Commercial Borrower Welfare

We estimate the impact of bank merger announcements on borrowers' stock prices for publicly traded Norwegian firms. Borrowers of target banks lose about 0.8% in equity value, while borrowers of acquiring banks earn positive abnormal returns, suggesting that borrower welfare is influenced by a strategic focus favoring acquiring borrowers. Bank mergers lead to higher relationship exit rates among borrowers of target banks. Larger merger‐induced increases in relationship termination rates are associated with less negative abnormal returns, suggesting that firms with low switching costs switch banks, while similar firms with high switching costs are locked into their current relationship.     

金融控股公司与我国商业银行发展

本从效率与安全角度阐明了金融控股公司是一种有效的综合性银行稳 健发展的良好组织制度，我国商业银行综合化经营的实现应当借助于金融控股公司这一组织制度。分析了我国金融控股公司构建的制度基础与可供选择的途径。     

新冠疫情影响下美国大型商业银行经营分析

新冠肺炎疫情在全球的蔓延,不仅让美国经济遭受了重创,也给美国银行业的经营业绩带来了严重冲击。2021年1月,美国各大商业银行2020年年报相继出炉。总体来看,美国各大商业银行在第三、第四季度的经营状况已经有所改善,盈利能力、资产状况等与上半年相比均有较大提升,这表明银行业经营状况已在2020年下半年实现触底反弹。那么,美国四大银行年报背后反映了怎样的宏观经济信息;商业银行边际改善的经营状况能否持续。