Wealth distribution and its impact on minorities

Originally published inThe Review of Black Political Economy, Vol. 4, No. 4 (Summer 1972) pp. 27-37.     

农地收益权质押贷款探讨

本文针对目前中国农村金融存在的问题,探讨了实施农地收益权质押的意义及可行性,并根据是否存在农地流转,分类论述了农地收益权质押贷款的思路,提出要结合金融机构业务特点、业务网络和农村相关调研来设计合理的农地收益权质押标准化申请表、标准化合同和相应规则,然后简单设计并论述了农地收益权质押贷款的具体操作程序及其运行机制,最后提出了保障机制运行的相关配套措施。     

李维汉在确立中国民族区域自治理论上的贡献

李维汉经过不断地努力探索,从苏联和中国国情的对比入手,揭示了中国实行民族区域自治的必然性,同时,他还批判了民族自决权绝对化的观点.通过一系列论述,李维汉为中国民族区域自治理论的确立做出了巨大贡献.     

贷款保证研究综述

一、贷款保证与信息不对称理论1.信贷市场上的信息不对称。信息不对称是信贷市场的基本特征之一,银行对借款人私人信息的掌握程度决定了贷款发放的安全性大小。信息不对称对信贷市场的影响主要体现为两个方面:一是事前的信息不对称。借贷双方对私人信息占有量的差异,导致了银行     

警惕美国次级房贷危机

金融危机不久后将会在美国发生?有人已经开始这么想了。一切源于美国次级房屋抵押贷款,由于忽视风险的盲目扩张,美国房贷市场现在自食其果。在担心危机传染至中国的同时,我们应该从中学到,风险控制及其手段对于中国金融体系的重要性     

Villages where China's ethnic minorities live

This paper investigates how ethnic minorities in rural China are faring compared with the ethnic majority. The village is the unit of analysis and large surveys for 2002 are used. Minority villages in northeast China are found to have a somewhat better economic situation than the average majority village, but minority villages in the southwest are clearly faring worse. Industrialisation, inputs in agricultural production, stock of human capital of the labour force, wage level on the local labour market as well as indicators of path dependency are all found to affect the economic situation of a village. Location is the single most important circumstance working against a favourable economic situation for minority villages in the northwest and particularly the southwest. Low village income results in long-distance migration for many ethnic minorities, but for some minorities their ethnicity hinders migration.     

Financial profiles of mortgage loan securitization

The issue and circulation of increasing numbers of securities is evidence of intensified securitization, which is among the most important trends in global finances today. Promising areas for securitization in today’s Russia are mortgage loans, followed by lease payments and consumer credits. Russia lacks mortgage note circulation despite legislative consolidation of two of their possible forms. A major economic reason behind the underdevelopment of the Russian mortgage security market is that large commercial banks do not operate in the domestic mortgage lending system. As a consequence, a critical mass of debt obligations for securitization has not accumulated in Russia yet. This and other circumstances determine the shift of the Russian mortgage market toward the American model of refinancing of mortgage loans, which depends on infrastructural hypothecary institutions, whose role can be assigned to Bank Control Pools (BCPs).     

提高第二套房贷将是一门哑炮

解决楼市难题不能靠银根紧缩,只能靠市场机制和扩大供应进入10月,建设银行率先发难,提出"以户为单位"的严格标准,大举提高第二套住房首付到40%,同时提高贷款利率至基准利率的110%。作为国内最大的房贷银行,建设银行紧缩住房贷     

论我国住房抵押贷款证券化

<正> 严格意义上讲,住房抵押贷款证券化分为初级证券化和二级证券化。初级证券化是指资金短缺方(主要是房地产商)通过发行票据、股票和债券等在资本市场上直接向投资者融通资金的行为机制;二级证券化从世界范围看目前有两种模式,表内模式证券化和表外模式证券化。本文讨论的住房抵押贷款证券化如果没有特别说明,指的都是其二级证券化。 一、发展我国住房抵押贷款证券化的必要性 首先,发展我国住房抵押贷款证券化无疑是降低和分散商业银行的经营风险,提高其资本流动性的有效手段。发放住房抵押贷款的商业银行在发放贷款的同时背负的信用风险、流动性风     

河南省区域经济差异空间分布及其动态演变

文章采用聚类分析法和Dagum基尼系数分解法,对2005—2014年河南省县域人均国内生产总值的面板数据展开分析研究。结果表明,河南省区域经济差异整体上呈现出浮动减小的特性,在区域尺度上,区内差异贡献度是河南省区域经济差异变化的重要决定因素,随着区间逆差贡献度越来越小,进一步促进了区域内经济差异的减小。     

Characteristics of minorities who are entering self-employment

Self-employed minorities have, as a group, clearly become better educated and registered substantial income gains in recent years. They have shifted away from traditional fields, favoring such emerging industries as skill-intensive services. Many entrants to self-employment, however, are poorly educated minorities concentrating heavily in such traditional areas as retailing. This study investigates the apparent paradox of poorly educated entrants coexisting with general upgrading in the minority entrepreneur universe. An elusive group—defined as “part-timers”—is found to be vitally important to the growth dynamic of minority enterprise.     

Oligopoly in loan and deposit markets: an econometric application to the Netherlands

Summary This paper presents evidence on the degree of oligopoly in Dutch loan and deposit markets. Using cointegration tests, dynamic specifications are developed for the demand for mortgages, the supply of savings deposits and the associated interest rates. Simultaneous estimation of this model over the period 1957–1990 reveals that in recent years, both markets were significantly more oligopolistic than in Cournot equilibrium. However, competition for mortgages has significantly intensified since the late 1950s. The degree of oligopoly in the market for savings deposits, on the other hand, shows a significant rise over the sample period, probably owing to increased market concentration.This paper, which is a revised version of chapter 4 of my (unpublished) Ph.D. thesis, has greatly benefited from the comments by Lex Hoogduin, Gerard Korteweg and two anonymous referees of this journal. Thanks are also due to Coby Hogewoning and Gwan Tjia, who assisted in collecting the data. All errors and opinions are mine.     

外资银行杀入房贷市场

中国的房价像脱缰野马一样持续攀升,买房资金需求旺盛,有市场的地方就有利润,外资银行不会错过这个开展房贷业务的黄金时机     

我国商业银行不良贷款改进策略研究

目前,银行的不良贷款已成为国有商业银行发展和改革中较为重要的一个部分,这主要是既包括了市场性的原因,也包括了制度性的原因。本文分析了我国商业银行不良贷款形成的原因,主要分为外部环境因素引起的不良贷款和金融不良资产形成的内部原因,并提出了有效改进商业银行的不良贷款的措施。